Document
... of most cells does not reside in a single location. 2. The number of mitochondria, nucleoids, and mtDNA molecules are variable. The mechanisms are not yet understood. 3. Mitochondria can fuse with each other as well as divide. ...
... of most cells does not reside in a single location. 2. The number of mitochondria, nucleoids, and mtDNA molecules are variable. The mechanisms are not yet understood. 3. Mitochondria can fuse with each other as well as divide. ...
Extranuclear Inheritance
... w Uses its own DNA polymerase w Occurs at any time in the cell cycle w Single origin of replication ...
... w Uses its own DNA polymerase w Occurs at any time in the cell cycle w Single origin of replication ...
Progress and Challenges in Understanding the Mechanisms of
... related to the handling and processing of mitochondrial mRNAs and mitochondrial translation have emerged as a important causes of OXPHOS disease, but the posttranscriptional regulation of mammalian mitochondrial gene expression is only beginning to be understood. ...
... related to the handling and processing of mitochondrial mRNAs and mitochondrial translation have emerged as a important causes of OXPHOS disease, but the posttranscriptional regulation of mammalian mitochondrial gene expression is only beginning to be understood. ...
Discussion Questions
... Discussion Questions: “The Power of Three” 1. Turnbull was inspired by a child named Edward. What disease did Edward have? Describe this disease and its current treatment. 2. Why do mitochondria have their own DNA, and why do children inherit it only from the mother? 3. There are several oppositions ...
... Discussion Questions: “The Power of Three” 1. Turnbull was inspired by a child named Edward. What disease did Edward have? Describe this disease and its current treatment. 2. Why do mitochondria have their own DNA, and why do children inherit it only from the mother? 3. There are several oppositions ...
Human mitochondrial genetics
Human mitochondrial genetics is the study of the genetics of human mitochondrial DNA (the DNA contained in human mitochondria). The human mitochondrial genome is the entirety of hereditary information contained in human mitochondria. Mitochondria are small structures in cells that generate energy for the cell to use, and are hence referred to as the ""powerhouses"" of the cell.Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is not transmitted through nuclear DNA (nDNA). In humans, as in most multicellular organisms, mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother's ovum. There are theories, however, that paternal mtDNA transmission in humans can occur under certain circumstances.Mitochondrial inheritance is therefore non-Mendelian, as Mendelian inheritance presumes that half the genetic material of a fertilized egg (zygote) derives from each parent.Eighty percent of mitochondrial DNA codes for mitochondrial RNA, and therefore most mitochondrial DNA mutations lead to functional problems, which may be manifested as muscle disorders (myopathies).Because they provide 30 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule in contrast to the 2 ATP molecules produced by glycolysis, mitochondria are essential to all higher organisms for sustaining life. The mitochondrial diseases are genetic disorders carried in mitochondrial DNA, or nuclear DNA coding for mitochondrial components. Slight problems with any one of the numerous enzymes used by the mitochondria can be devastating to the cell, and in turn, to the organism.