Valvular Heart Disease
... of afterload reduction with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting agents. As left ventricular function declines, digoxin and diuretics may be added. Atrial fibrillation is a late occurrence and requires rate control. Atrial fibrillation usually denotes marked atrial ...
... of afterload reduction with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting agents. As left ventricular function declines, digoxin and diuretics may be added. Atrial fibrillation is a late occurrence and requires rate control. Atrial fibrillation usually denotes marked atrial ...
Non-invasive assessment of cardiac physiology by
... according to the recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography'22'. In all patients, the colour M-mode of the mid-septum (2 cm above the aortic valve) was obtained from the parasternal and apical five-chamber view. The time intervals of the different colour interfaces were measured and ...
... according to the recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography'22'. In all patients, the colour M-mode of the mid-septum (2 cm above the aortic valve) was obtained from the parasternal and apical five-chamber view. The time intervals of the different colour interfaces were measured and ...
Resident`s Curriculum Cardiovascular Pathology CCHS - e
... thrombosis leading to unstable angina or non-ST-segment elevation MI Myocardial necrosis occurs in a wavefront phenomenon from the subendocardium to the subepicardial myocardium Extent of myocardial necrosis depends on length of time of occlusion and degree of collateral blood flow Complications of ...
... thrombosis leading to unstable angina or non-ST-segment elevation MI Myocardial necrosis occurs in a wavefront phenomenon from the subendocardium to the subepicardial myocardium Extent of myocardial necrosis depends on length of time of occlusion and degree of collateral blood flow Complications of ...
Non-invasive assessment of cardiac physiology by tissue Doppler
... velocity peaks during diastole and one positive (toward the transducer) during systole. Between these peaks, areas of lower velocity rate were also seen (Fig. 1). In M-mode tissue Doppler echocardiographic recordings, systole started with a phase of low velocity (mean 1 -4 ± 0-67 c m . s " ' ) ; fol ...
... velocity peaks during diastole and one positive (toward the transducer) during systole. Between these peaks, areas of lower velocity rate were also seen (Fig. 1). In M-mode tissue Doppler echocardiographic recordings, systole started with a phase of low velocity (mean 1 -4 ± 0-67 c m . s " ' ) ; fol ...
Loss of Cardiac Magnesium in Experimental Heart Failure
... correlation between total cellular magnesium measured in the sublingual epithelium and free cardiac levels. Finally, the APD and beat to beat variability appear to be sensitive to changes in cytosolic Mg21 over a narrow range; thus, prolongation and instability in APD seen in heart failure may be pa ...
... correlation between total cellular magnesium measured in the sublingual epithelium and free cardiac levels. Finally, the APD and beat to beat variability appear to be sensitive to changes in cytosolic Mg21 over a narrow range; thus, prolongation and instability in APD seen in heart failure may be pa ...
The Effect of Pressure or Flow Stress on Right Ventricular Protein
... the operation and anesthesia were as described previously pH of 7.4 (6, 7, 10) emptied into the right atrium, right (6, 7). After anesthesia, the chest cage was opened and ventricle and was ejected by the ventricle through the right the proximal aorta cannulated and perfused with oxygen- ventricula ...
... the operation and anesthesia were as described previously pH of 7.4 (6, 7, 10) emptied into the right atrium, right (6, 7). After anesthesia, the chest cage was opened and ventricle and was ejected by the ventricle through the right the proximal aorta cannulated and perfused with oxygen- ventricula ...
Severe Aortic Stenosis and TAVR
... It is important to note that among asymptomatic patients with SAS, omission of surgical treatment was the most important risk factor for late mortality ...
... It is important to note that among asymptomatic patients with SAS, omission of surgical treatment was the most important risk factor for late mortality ...
Pericardial effusion after open heart surgery for - Heart
... The prevalence of pericardial effusion after open heart surgery has been reported to range from 53–85% in earlier studies.2–6 However, recent studies in both adults and children suggested a decrease in prevalence. Yip and colleagues8 reported a 16% prevalence in 339 adults undergoing surgical repair ...
... The prevalence of pericardial effusion after open heart surgery has been reported to range from 53–85% in earlier studies.2–6 However, recent studies in both adults and children suggested a decrease in prevalence. Yip and colleagues8 reported a 16% prevalence in 339 adults undergoing surgical repair ...
Post-Translational Modifications and Dysfunction of Mitochondrial
... (p=0.0025; Figure 1D). Activities of complexes II or III were not significantly different ...
... (p=0.0025; Figure 1D). Activities of complexes II or III were not significantly different ...
Part 7
... second-line drugs if these do not delay definitive management). Pacing is also recommended for severely symptomatic patients, especially when the block is at or below the His-Purkinje level (ie, type II second-degree or third-degree AV block). Atropine In the absence of reversible causes, atropine r ...
... second-line drugs if these do not delay definitive management). Pacing is also recommended for severely symptomatic patients, especially when the block is at or below the His-Purkinje level (ie, type II second-degree or third-degree AV block). Atropine In the absence of reversible causes, atropine r ...
Evaluating strict and conventional left bundle
... for LBBB is likely to increase the response rate of CRT. In fact, although CRT improves patients’ quality of life and reduces heart failure hospitalizations, 30% of patients do not respond to CRT.26 – 28 Consequently, this has created interest in the development of better methods to identify likely ...
... for LBBB is likely to increase the response rate of CRT. In fact, although CRT improves patients’ quality of life and reduces heart failure hospitalizations, 30% of patients do not respond to CRT.26 – 28 Consequently, this has created interest in the development of better methods to identify likely ...
Heart Rate in Relation to Insulin Sensitivity and
... been proposed as a global index of the autonomic nervous system influence on the heart. Hyperinsulinism has been shown to trigger sympathetic activity experimentally; however, the clinical and epidemiological data on the association of heart rate with hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance are confl ...
... been proposed as a global index of the autonomic nervous system influence on the heart. Hyperinsulinism has been shown to trigger sympathetic activity experimentally; however, the clinical and epidemiological data on the association of heart rate with hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance are confl ...
ECG Rhythm Interpretation Workbook
... Tachycardia is > 100 bpm. All of us can increase our heart rate, for example when we exercise. This is physiological and is called Sinus Tachycardia. This is not an arrhythmia. There are other tachycardia’s which are caused by different rhythms, many of which are pathological. It can be very difficu ...
... Tachycardia is > 100 bpm. All of us can increase our heart rate, for example when we exercise. This is physiological and is called Sinus Tachycardia. This is not an arrhythmia. There are other tachycardia’s which are caused by different rhythms, many of which are pathological. It can be very difficu ...
ECG Interpretation
... depolarised and remain inactive. If this occurs due to hyperkalaemia, the impulses are conducted from the SA node by internodal pathways to the AV node, thus there is a sinoventricular rhythm. If this occurs due to myocardial disease, the internodal pathways are also diseased and thus a nodal (or ju ...
... depolarised and remain inactive. If this occurs due to hyperkalaemia, the impulses are conducted from the SA node by internodal pathways to the AV node, thus there is a sinoventricular rhythm. If this occurs due to myocardial disease, the internodal pathways are also diseased and thus a nodal (or ju ...
Electrophysiology Heart Study - EPS -
... • Some of the pacemaker wires send small electrical impulses called “pacing”. You cannot feel the impulses. The doctor may use these wires to trigger your problem to see what happens inside your heart when you have symptoms. You may feel your heart beating quickly or missing a beat. • If you are hav ...
... • Some of the pacemaker wires send small electrical impulses called “pacing”. You cannot feel the impulses. The doctor may use these wires to trigger your problem to see what happens inside your heart when you have symptoms. You may feel your heart beating quickly or missing a beat. • If you are hav ...
chapter 4 estimation of blood pressure using pulse
... presently proposed in this research, their comparison in terms of measured values, correlation of the results between the existing and proposed methods and the special merits. At the beginning, initial studies of blood pressure concept in-terms of measurement, techniques and related research is done ...
... presently proposed in this research, their comparison in terms of measured values, correlation of the results between the existing and proposed methods and the special merits. At the beginning, initial studies of blood pressure concept in-terms of measurement, techniques and related research is done ...
Evaluation of Right and Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic
... Background: Impairment of cardiac function in patients with type 1 DM represents one of the serious complications and, if present, may affect the quality of life and prognosis of the disease. Conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiographic imaging can predict early stage and progression of diabeti ...
... Background: Impairment of cardiac function in patients with type 1 DM represents one of the serious complications and, if present, may affect the quality of life and prognosis of the disease. Conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiographic imaging can predict early stage and progression of diabeti ...
aacl bioflux - 文档搜索
... (O'Keefe et al 2006). A meta-analysis, in 2005, showed that the reduction of heart rate was linked a longer period of omega-3 intake (> 12 weeks). This may be explained the time needed by EPA and DHA to incorporate into the cells and exert their effects. Heart rate was reduced in people with a highe ...
... (O'Keefe et al 2006). A meta-analysis, in 2005, showed that the reduction of heart rate was linked a longer period of omega-3 intake (> 12 weeks). This may be explained the time needed by EPA and DHA to incorporate into the cells and exert their effects. Heart rate was reduced in people with a highe ...
clinical assessment of left ventricular diastolic function - Heart
... with left bundle branch block. The onset of long axis shortening is delayed with respect to the Q wave, but its overall duration is unchanged, so that tension and shortening persist well beyond the end of ejection into the period of isovolumic relaxation (fig 4).15 A similar pattern is commonly seen ...
... with left bundle branch block. The onset of long axis shortening is delayed with respect to the Q wave, but its overall duration is unchanged, so that tension and shortening persist well beyond the end of ejection into the period of isovolumic relaxation (fig 4).15 A similar pattern is commonly seen ...
Left Ventricular Assist Devices - Ether
... contributing factor in over 250,000 deaths annually.2 It is diagnosed in 400,000 Americans each year3 and is the primary diagnosis for over 900,000 hospitalizations per year.4 In 1990 the age-adjusted death rate from congestive heart failure was 106.4 per 100,000,5 more than that from breast cancer ...
... contributing factor in over 250,000 deaths annually.2 It is diagnosed in 400,000 Americans each year3 and is the primary diagnosis for over 900,000 hospitalizations per year.4 In 1990 the age-adjusted death rate from congestive heart failure was 106.4 per 100,000,5 more than that from breast cancer ...
age related changes in the morphometric parameters of the heart
... Nili-Ravi buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were divided into two age groups of 20 animals each viz., young (1248 months of age) and adult (49-96 months) of either sex. The results revealed that the absolute weights of heart, kidneys and adrenal glands, mean values of width and circumference of heart, thi ...
... Nili-Ravi buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were divided into two age groups of 20 animals each viz., young (1248 months of age) and adult (49-96 months) of either sex. The results revealed that the absolute weights of heart, kidneys and adrenal glands, mean values of width and circumference of heart, thi ...
Evaluation Of Patients With Early Repolarization Syndrome
... characterized.13 In a subsequent study, Medeiros-Domingo et al who performed candidate-gene screening in 14 ERS patients and identified the mutation in one patient. The mutation was associated with a gain-of-function effect with an augmented IK-ATP current.14 Further evidence implicating the KCNJ8-S ...
... characterized.13 In a subsequent study, Medeiros-Domingo et al who performed candidate-gene screening in 14 ERS patients and identified the mutation in one patient. The mutation was associated with a gain-of-function effect with an augmented IK-ATP current.14 Further evidence implicating the KCNJ8-S ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.