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A picture of health—myocardial infarction patients` drawings of their
A picture of health—myocardial infarction patients` drawings of their

... for some lifestyle changes or other significant outcomes to occur. The results are consistent with previous research showing that negative patient perceptions of their MI are related to a slower recovery and return to work [1,7]. The results also support recent work showing erroneous beliefs about t ...
CONOTRUNCAL ANOMALIES A Case Based Review
CONOTRUNCAL ANOMALIES A Case Based Review

... 12 Jonas RA, DiNardo JA. Comprehensive surgical management of congenital heart disease. London, England.: Arnold/Oxford University Press, 2004 13. Towbin A , Newman B. Syndromes and chromosomal disorders and the heart. In: Slovis T, editor. Caffey’s Pediatric Diagnostic Imaging, 11th edition. Elsevi ...
Objectives - LSU School of Medicine
Objectives - LSU School of Medicine

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... a. Is similar to the action potential of right ventricle b. Is similar to the action potential of right atrium c. Has same duration of action potential of both atria d. It control's the rate of action potential of both ventricles e. Has same plateau as action potential of both atria 15. Maximum pres ...
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Heart and Circulatory System II

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THE HEART IN THE PNEUMOCONIOSIS OF COALMINERS
THE HEART IN THE PNEUMOCONIOSIS OF COALMINERS

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The patient with a heart murmur
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PDF version - Heart, Lung and Vessels

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here - National Heart Centre Singapore
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was usually unchanged during regular tachycardia.
was usually unchanged during regular tachycardia.

Treatment with the WATCHMAN® Implant to Prevent Stroke in Atrial
Treatment with the WATCHMAN® Implant to Prevent Stroke in Atrial

... vessel or bleeding within the brain), cardiovascular death, or a blocked blood vessel in another part of the body besides the brain. A second study of the WATCHMAN Implant compared to warfarin called the PREVAIL study enrolled 407 atrial fibrillation patients. The PREVAIL study has been running for ...
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Sudden Death After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

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B2B pediatric cardiology dr suzie lee 2010

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First-in-Man Implantation of Left Ventricular

... approach to the remodeling itself is a mechanical intervention to decrease the LV volume or constrain the ventricle from further enlargement. Several surgical approaches have been advocated in patients with a dilated LV, including partial left ventriculectomy (Batista procedure), cardiomyoplasty, an ...
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Guidelines For Management of Acute Coronary

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... feedback'. Positive feedback, sometimes referred to as "cumulative causation", refers to a situation where some effect causes more of itself. A system undergoing positive feedback is unstable, that is, it will tend to spiral out of control as the effect amplifies itself. An example of this is 'cardi ...
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Myocardial infarction



Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.
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