- The University of Liverpool Repository
... In his important sociological study on the institution of slavery, Orlando Patterson noted that it has often been too easy to exaggerate the role of warfare as a source of slaves. 1 This emphasis stems largely from the fact that many slave populations are thought to have originated from enslaved cap ...
... In his important sociological study on the institution of slavery, Orlando Patterson noted that it has often been too easy to exaggerate the role of warfare as a source of slaves. 1 This emphasis stems largely from the fact that many slave populations are thought to have originated from enslaved cap ...
Roman Freedwomen: Their Occupations and Identity Lindsay M
... occupational epitaphs from the Latin West.6 Treggiari's first article investigating occupational epitaphs was an attempt to expand LeGall's list of occupational titles attributed to women. Her second study focused solely on the work of lower class women in the Latin West. Here she discussed the resp ...
... occupational epitaphs from the Latin West.6 Treggiari's first article investigating occupational epitaphs was an attempt to expand LeGall's list of occupational titles attributed to women. Her second study focused solely on the work of lower class women in the Latin West. Here she discussed the resp ...
A History of Roman Literature
... The present work is designed mainly for Students at our Universities and Public Schools, and for such as are preparing for the Indian Civil Service or other advanced Examinations. The author hopes, however, that it may also be acceptable to some of those who, without being professed scholars, are ye ...
... The present work is designed mainly for Students at our Universities and Public Schools, and for such as are preparing for the Indian Civil Service or other advanced Examinations. The author hopes, however, that it may also be acceptable to some of those who, without being professed scholars, are ye ...
History of Roman Literature from its Earliest
... which reflects the manners and customs of remote or ancient nations. The less influence, however, which literature exercises, the less valuable will be its picture of life and manners. It must also be admitted, that from a separate cause, the early periods, at least, of Roman literature, possess not ...
... which reflects the manners and customs of remote or ancient nations. The less influence, however, which literature exercises, the less valuable will be its picture of life and manners. It must also be admitted, that from a separate cause, the early periods, at least, of Roman literature, possess not ...
Cicero`s (S)Trumpet: Roman Women and the Second Philippic By
... probably the same types of influence. Volumnia Cytheris was a financially independent freedwoman, who had been an actress and had been a courtesan to several famous and influential senators besides Antony (Pomeroy 198). Through both word-of-mouth and public appearances, she was probably easily recog ...
... probably the same types of influence. Volumnia Cytheris was a financially independent freedwoman, who had been an actress and had been a courtesan to several famous and influential senators besides Antony (Pomeroy 198). Through both word-of-mouth and public appearances, she was probably easily recog ...
TheColosseumandGladiatorialGames
... damaged by several earthquakes, but because later Italians used the building as a quarry for centuries, stealing the stones to build St. Peter's and many palaces. What remains of the Colosseum today gives no idea of this amphitheater’s lavish decorations, such as colorfully painted statues, decorati ...
... damaged by several earthquakes, but because later Italians used the building as a quarry for centuries, stealing the stones to build St. Peter's and many palaces. What remains of the Colosseum today gives no idea of this amphitheater’s lavish decorations, such as colorfully painted statues, decorati ...
Founding fathers: An ethnic and gender study of the Iliadic Aeneid
... the Aeneid impacted its ancient readers’ sense of self by allowing the readers to identify or differentiate themselves from the epic’s myriad of characters. 1 This, she argued, presented “Romanness” as a “cultural construct” that can be learned by the reader, an important concept during an era of en ...
... the Aeneid impacted its ancient readers’ sense of self by allowing the readers to identify or differentiate themselves from the epic’s myriad of characters. 1 This, she argued, presented “Romanness” as a “cultural construct” that can be learned by the reader, an important concept during an era of en ...
Roman Rape: An Overview of Roman Rape Laws from the
... need not even be a father: the term was a legal one and applied to any head of household."); JANE F. GARDNER, WOMEN IN ROMAN LAW AND SOCIETY 11-12 (1986) (explaining that before marriage, women were under the potestas (power) of their paterfamilias (head of household, usually their father), while wo ...
... need not even be a father: the term was a legal one and applied to any head of household."); JANE F. GARDNER, WOMEN IN ROMAN LAW AND SOCIETY 11-12 (1986) (explaining that before marriage, women were under the potestas (power) of their paterfamilias (head of household, usually their father), while wo ...
Intersections of Gender and Genre: Sexualizing the
... theoretical approaches to literary interpretation14. 12 — Miller (2012). To be sure, Miller is concerned with the changing concept of the poetic puella, not – like Adams and Watson – the semantic evolution of the Latin word puella. By “metacommentary” he presumably means his own analysis of differ ...
... theoretical approaches to literary interpretation14. 12 — Miller (2012). To be sure, Miller is concerned with the changing concept of the poetic puella, not – like Adams and Watson – the semantic evolution of the Latin word puella. By “metacommentary” he presumably means his own analysis of differ ...
Christianity and Gender in Imperial Roman Policy, 57-235.
... Bearing this in mind, I have a host of professors, colleagues, friends, and family who have helped guide me in my quest for completing this dissertation, both through their agreeable and disagreeable viewpoints. ...
... Bearing this in mind, I have a host of professors, colleagues, friends, and family who have helped guide me in my quest for completing this dissertation, both through their agreeable and disagreeable viewpoints. ...
Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics
... the ‘low counters’ is to interpret the steep increase in the Augustan figures as indicating a significant change in the way the census results were recorded. 3 Contrary to his predecessors, Augustus is thought to have started to include women and children in addition to adult males. As it stands, th ...
... the ‘low counters’ is to interpret the steep increase in the Augustan figures as indicating a significant change in the way the census results were recorded. 3 Contrary to his predecessors, Augustus is thought to have started to include women and children in addition to adult males. As it stands, th ...
Johnston`s The Private Life of the Romans
... found a place in the departments of English. Secondly, a shift of emphasis has relieved college courses of much elementary linguistic drill that was formerly considered necessary. In the third place, the last seventy-five years have seen a very great advance in the knowledge of Classical Antiquities ...
... found a place in the departments of English. Secondly, a shift of emphasis has relieved college courses of much elementary linguistic drill that was formerly considered necessary. In the third place, the last seventy-five years have seen a very great advance in the knowledge of Classical Antiquities ...
Roman Homosexuality
... scholarship that could easily be found on most other aspects of ancient Greek and Roman lives, especially after the rise of social history, was simply lacking in this area. Even when sexually explicit material was not deleted from editions, commentaries on the text usually avoided it. Prudish retice ...
... scholarship that could easily be found on most other aspects of ancient Greek and Roman lives, especially after the rise of social history, was simply lacking in this area. Even when sexually explicit material was not deleted from editions, commentaries on the text usually avoided it. Prudish retice ...
2008 Classical Studies Higher Finalised Marking Instructions
... prepared to execute both nieces for breaking the law unable to excuse Antigone as he would look weak before the people insecure and paranoid in his new position as king − sees conspiracy everywhere anxious to establish legitimacy of his rule quarrels with son over decision on Antigone refuses to acc ...
... prepared to execute both nieces for breaking the law unable to excuse Antigone as he would look weak before the people insecure and paranoid in his new position as king − sees conspiracy everywhere anxious to establish legitimacy of his rule quarrels with son over decision on Antigone refuses to acc ...
Type and Technique of the Illustrative Story in Seneca`s Moral Essays
... were imparted by declamation, and if there were written works previous to Cicero, the language used was Greek." (4:176-77.) Nevertheless, the study of philosophy, on account of the somewhat abstract nature of the subject, was never popular with the average matter-of-fact Roman. ...
... were imparted by declamation, and if there were written works previous to Cicero, the language used was Greek." (4:176-77.) Nevertheless, the study of philosophy, on account of the somewhat abstract nature of the subject, was never popular with the average matter-of-fact Roman. ...
the rape of the sabine women by nicolas poussin
... Sacchetti which repeated cassone themes, the Rape of the Sabine Women and the Sacrifice of Polyxena (now in the Capitoline Museum). A chief center of the production of the cassoni was Tuscany, and, as his name indicates, Pietro da Cortona was a Tuscan. In his choice of these two subjects Pietro fol ...
... Sacchetti which repeated cassone themes, the Rape of the Sabine Women and the Sacrifice of Polyxena (now in the Capitoline Museum). A chief center of the production of the cassoni was Tuscany, and, as his name indicates, Pietro da Cortona was a Tuscan. In his choice of these two subjects Pietro fol ...
1 - wshslatin
... What Latin word, usually translated as "orchard" does not refer to what we call an orchard today, but to regular rows of trees for the training of vines? ...
... What Latin word, usually translated as "orchard" does not refer to what we call an orchard today, but to regular rows of trees for the training of vines? ...
Catullus and the Invention of Roman Literature
... The History of Hellenistic Greece • the Hellenistic Age: Age Alexander’s death (323 BCE) until the Roman conquest of Greece (ca. 146 BCE) – at the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BCE) Philip II of Macedon defeated the combined forces of the Greeks – the Macedonian conquest marked the end of Greek independe ...
... The History of Hellenistic Greece • the Hellenistic Age: Age Alexander’s death (323 BCE) until the Roman conquest of Greece (ca. 146 BCE) – at the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BCE) Philip II of Macedon defeated the combined forces of the Greeks – the Macedonian conquest marked the end of Greek independe ...
roman clothing
... his toga indicates that he has held at least one curule office. The laurel wreath on the head of the next man and his special robes indicate that he is an emperor, while the uniform and cloak of the following man identify him as a general. It is more difficult to determine the exact social status of ...
... his toga indicates that he has held at least one curule office. The laurel wreath on the head of the next man and his special robes indicate that he is an emperor, while the uniform and cloak of the following man identify him as a general. It is more difficult to determine the exact social status of ...
Roman Society
... ,and two stewards (ILS 1514). In the inscription they called him a “worthy master.” slaves of the non-elite Ownership of slaves by non-elite households was primarily an economic decision. Even if a family could afford a slave it would have to calculate carefully whether it was a good idea to add an ...
... ,and two stewards (ILS 1514). In the inscription they called him a “worthy master.” slaves of the non-elite Ownership of slaves by non-elite households was primarily an economic decision. Even if a family could afford a slave it would have to calculate carefully whether it was a good idea to add an ...
Chapter 1 - Hull Hydra
... male peer group which reproduces itself in soc ial institutions through schools a nd care<=rs: 'what remains hidden in the masculine character, is the emotional insecurity, the ambivalent identification, that started the process in the first p lace.,6 Such views of masculinity, then, present the cat ...
... male peer group which reproduces itself in soc ial institutions through schools a nd care<=rs: 'what remains hidden in the masculine character, is the emotional insecurity, the ambivalent identification, that started the process in the first p lace.,6 Such views of masculinity, then, present the cat ...
The Golden Age of Rome Museum Walk
... Golden Age known as Pax Romana. Pax Romana means “Roman Peace” in Latin and is used to identify the years 27 BCE- 180 CE during which there were fewer wars than in any other period in Rome’s history. The empire strengthened its central government, consolidated its power, and created a stable conditi ...
... Golden Age known as Pax Romana. Pax Romana means “Roman Peace” in Latin and is used to identify the years 27 BCE- 180 CE during which there were fewer wars than in any other period in Rome’s history. The empire strengthened its central government, consolidated its power, and created a stable conditi ...
- The Salariya Book Company
... Most gladiators were slaves or condemned criminals. They were considered apart from the Roman population and were marginalised, even in death. An unusual Roman cemetery that may confirm this marginalisation was uncovered in 2004 by archaeologists in York (which was called Eboracum by the Romans). Th ...
... Most gladiators were slaves or condemned criminals. They were considered apart from the Roman population and were marginalised, even in death. An unusual Roman cemetery that may confirm this marginalisation was uncovered in 2004 by archaeologists in York (which was called Eboracum by the Romans). Th ...
A Place at the Altar: Priestesses in Republican Rome
... his vision of poetic immortality to the ritual activity of the Vestal Virgins. His metaphorical monumentum may be loftier than the pyramids, but his poetry will find readers only as long as Rome remains standing —only as long, that is, as pontifices and Vestals continue to sacrifice to the gods on ...
... his vision of poetic immortality to the ritual activity of the Vestal Virgins. His metaphorical monumentum may be loftier than the pyramids, but his poetry will find readers only as long as Rome remains standing —only as long, that is, as pontifices and Vestals continue to sacrifice to the gods on ...
Manumission basics - Amazon Web Services
... o Some borrowed money from former owners or patrons and started their own businesses (Shelton 191). Negative—treated as better than slaves, but not quite free, especially in respect to their bodies: o Like slaves, freedmen and women were bound to have sex with the master or his sons, if he requested ...
... o Some borrowed money from former owners or patrons and started their own businesses (Shelton 191). Negative—treated as better than slaves, but not quite free, especially in respect to their bodies: o Like slaves, freedmen and women were bound to have sex with the master or his sons, if he requested ...
Homosexuality in ancient Rome
Same-sex attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome often differ markedly from those of the contemporary West. Latin lacks words that would precisely translate ""homosexual"" and ""heterosexual"". The primary dichotomy of ancient Roman sexuality was active/dominant/masculine and passive/submissive/""feminized"". Roman society was patriarchal, and the freeborn male citizen possessed political liberty (libertas) and the right to rule both himself and his household (familia). ""Virtue"" (virtus) was seen as an active quality through which a man (vir) defined himself. The conquest mentality and ""cult of virility"" shaped same-sex relations. Roman men were free to enjoy sex with other males without a perceived loss of masculinity or social status, as long as they took the dominant or penetrative role. Acceptable male partners were slaves, prostitutes, and entertainers, whose lifestyle placed them in the nebulous social realm of infamia, excluded from the normal protections accorded a citizen even if they were technically free. Although Roman men in general seem to have preferred youths between the ages of 12 and 20 as sexual partners, freeborn male minors were strictly off-limits, and professional prostitutes and entertainers might be considerably older.Same-sex relations among women are less documented. Although Roman women of the upperclasses were educated, and are known to have written poetry and corresponded with male relatives, very few fragments of anything that might have been written by women survive. Male writers took little interest in how women experienced sexuality in general; the Augustan poet Ovid takes an exceptionally keen interest, but advocates for a heterosexual lifestyle contrary to Roman sexual norms. During the Republic and early Principate, little is recorded of sexual relations among women, but better and more varied evidence, though scattered, exists for the later Imperial period.