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John S. Bell`s concept of local causality
John S. Bell`s concept of local causality

Problems
Problems

... have a metal with n = 1023 /cm3 electrons in a cubic box of side L, and we know that electrons are Fermions. Assume the electrons are completely free to move around in the box, meaning there are no atoms in their way. If that that much freedom is not enough for 2 This may all be very unsettling, you ...
General formula for symmetry factors of Feynman diagrams
General formula for symmetry factors of Feynman diagrams

Quantum networks in the presence of D B
Quantum networks in the presence of D B

... numbers. In Figure 5b, the behaviour of the averaged conductance for a finite piece of the T3 lattice is shown as a function of reduced flux with zero SO coupling and SO coupling with zero magnetic field. In the case of the magnetic field, we observe a suppression of conductance due to the existence ...
On the Nature of the Change in the Wave Function in a
On the Nature of the Change in the Wave Function in a

... The common factor associated with the electronÕs passage through the wall in a manner resembling that found for classical-like particles in Gedankenexperiments 2 and 3 is the observing, thinking individualÕs knowledge as to whether an electron passed through a particular hole. The physical interacti ...
Obtaining Maxwell`s equations heuristically
Obtaining Maxwell`s equations heuristically

Surface charge transport in topological insulators
Surface charge transport in topological insulators

Metallic quantum dots - Chalmers University of Technology
Metallic quantum dots - Chalmers University of Technology

PROBABILITIES FOR SINGLE EVENTS
PROBABILITIES FOR SINGLE EVENTS

... where p↑ = | <↑ |ψ > |2 and p↓ = 1 − p↑ . As N becomes large this approaches a continuum normal distribution that is sharply peaked about f = p↑ . The width becomes arbitrarily small with large N as N −1/2 . Thus, the probability for finding f in some range about p↑ can be made close to one by choos ...
Partial Observation of Quantum Turing Machine and Weaker Well
Partial Observation of Quantum Turing Machine and Weaker Well

(3+1)-TQFTs and topological insulators
(3+1)-TQFTs and topological insulators

6 Wave equation in spherical polar coordinates
6 Wave equation in spherical polar coordinates

... We are now (almost!) ready to apply the method of Froebenius. In principle it could immediately be applied and we would get a an infinite Taylor series that indeed solves the equation. However, a closed form solution can be obtained with one extra transformation that removes an over all exponential ...
Lecture 18 — October 26, 2015 1 Overview 2 Quantum Entropy
Lecture 18 — October 26, 2015 1 Overview 2 Quantum Entropy

... In the previous lecture, we discussed classical entropy and entropy inequalities. In this lecture, we discuss several information measures that are important for quantifying the amount of information and correlations that are present in quantum systems. The first fundamental measure that we introduc ...
A Quantum Version of The Spectral Decomposition Theorem of
A Quantum Version of The Spectral Decomposition Theorem of

... to this, classical chaos presents several approaches which are related to each other: algorithmic complexity [8], Lyapunov exponents [9, 10] and Ergodic Hierarchy [1, 11]. For instance, Brudno theorem [8] relates complexity with Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy [8] while Pesin theorem [8] relates Ergodic Hi ...
Quantum memory for superconducting qubits 兲
Quantum memory for superconducting qubits 兲

... qubits relative to the resonator frequency, as well as to each other. Although the lowest pair of levels in a harmonic oscillator cannot be frequency selected by an external driving field, resonators are quite desirable as coupling elements because of their potential for having extremely high qualit ...
Influence of Complex Exciton-Phonon Coupling on Optical
Influence of Complex Exciton-Phonon Coupling on Optical

... and the coherent-incoherent transition of energy transfer in ring-shaped molecular aggregates [6], as they appear e.g. in the Light Harvesting units of some bacteria. We consider QAs where the wave functions of different monomers do not overlap (tight binding) and each monomer has two electronic sta ...
Coulomb`s Law An isolated conducting sphere is charged negatively
Coulomb`s Law An isolated conducting sphere is charged negatively

From Markovian semigroup to non
From Markovian semigroup to non

`universal` phase for electron transmission in quantum dots
`universal` phase for electron transmission in quantum dots

... allow tuning of the quantum dot (QD). The quantum dot is composed of two QPCs and a middle gate (MG) in between, allowing formation of ‘small’ and ‘large’ dots. The ‘plunger’ gate is embedded in the centre island, and is connected via a metallic air bridge to the outside in order to allow biasing wi ...
Reflection Symmetry and Energy-Level Ordering in Frustrated Spin
Reflection Symmetry and Energy-Level Ordering in Frustrated Spin

ESF 12p MISGAM_ok3.qxd - European Science Foundation
ESF 12p MISGAM_ok3.qxd - European Science Foundation

Quantum Factorization of 143 on a Dipolar
Quantum Factorization of 143 on a Dipolar

... Hamiltonians. In this way, the ground state of Hp encodes the two factors that satisfy all the bitwise equations and is the answer to our factoring problem. Thus the spectrum of Hp will not scale with N but log2 N. However, Schaller and Schützhold’s scheme [17] need at least 14 qubits to factor the ...
Optimization of quantum interferometric metrological sensors in the
Optimization of quantum interferometric metrological sensors in the

... Heisenberg limit, and a resolution well below the Rayleigh diffraction limit 关2兴. For an overview of quantum metrology applications, see, for example, Ref. 关1兴. However, for realworld applications, diffraction, scattering, and absorption of quantum states of light need to be taken into account. Rece ...
Influence of measurements on the statistics of work performed on a
Influence of measurements on the statistics of work performed on a

Diameters of rotationally and vibrationally excited diatomic molecules
Diameters of rotationally and vibrationally excited diatomic molecules

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History of quantum field theory

In particle physics, the history of quantum field theory starts with its creation by Paul Dirac, when he attempted to quantize the electromagnetic field in the late 1920s. Major advances in the theory were made in the 1950s, and led to the introduction of quantum electrodynamics (QED). QED was so successful and ""natural"" that efforts were made to use the same basic concepts for the other forces of nature. These efforts were successful in the application of gauge theory to the strong nuclear force and weak nuclear force, producing the modern standard model of particle physics. Efforts to describe gravity using the same techniques have, to date, failed. The study of quantum field theory is alive and flourishing, as are applications of this method to many physical problems. It remains one of the most vital areas of theoretical physics today, providing a common language to many branches of physics.
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