Path integrals in quantum mechanics
... classical action evaluated on the classical path, i.e. the path that satisfies the classical equations of motion. This is typical for the cases in which the semiclassical approximation is exact. One may interpret the prefactor as due to one-loop corrections to the classical (tree-level) result. The ...
... classical action evaluated on the classical path, i.e. the path that satisfies the classical equations of motion. This is typical for the cases in which the semiclassical approximation is exact. One may interpret the prefactor as due to one-loop corrections to the classical (tree-level) result. The ...
A Holographic Interpretation of Entanglement Entropy
... In spite of tremendous progresses, there are still several unsolved or developing important problems on black holes in quantum gravity. The one which we would like to discuss here is about the dynamical aspects where we cannot employ the supersymmetries. ...
... In spite of tremendous progresses, there are still several unsolved or developing important problems on black holes in quantum gravity. The one which we would like to discuss here is about the dynamical aspects where we cannot employ the supersymmetries. ...
Adiabatic Quantum Computation is Equivalent to Standard Quantum Computation Dorit Aharonov
... is initialized in the ground state of an initial local Hamiltonian Hinit , and then Hinit is slowly transformed into Hfinal . A celebrated theorem from physics called the quantum adiabatic theorem [22, 23] implies that if the transformation is carried out sufficiently slowly, the system tracks the g ...
... is initialized in the ground state of an initial local Hamiltonian Hinit , and then Hinit is slowly transformed into Hfinal . A celebrated theorem from physics called the quantum adiabatic theorem [22, 23] implies that if the transformation is carried out sufficiently slowly, the system tracks the g ...
Microscopic quantum coherence in a photosynthetic-light
... (3.4) [52]. Following these lines of thought, the appearance of a classical world in quantum theory has been explored [51,52,55,56]. On the other hand, an example of fake decoherence is to interpret the result of an ensemble average over different noisy realizations of a system as the description of ...
... (3.4) [52]. Following these lines of thought, the appearance of a classical world in quantum theory has been explored [51,52,55,56]. On the other hand, an example of fake decoherence is to interpret the result of an ensemble average over different noisy realizations of a system as the description of ...
Fractionalization, Topological Order, and
... emergence of a collective excitation having fractional quantum numbers with respect to the elementary particles (such as electrons), in a strongly correlated system. The notion of fractionalization is not only fascinating in itself, but also has been related to other intriguing concepts in theoretic ...
... emergence of a collective excitation having fractional quantum numbers with respect to the elementary particles (such as electrons), in a strongly correlated system. The notion of fractionalization is not only fascinating in itself, but also has been related to other intriguing concepts in theoretic ...
Chapter 7 Probability Amplitudes
... 7.1 The State of a System The notion of the state of a system is a central one in both classical and quantum physics, though it is often possible to live with only an intuitive idea of what it means. However, it proves to be important here to have the concept of the state of a system clearly defined ...
... 7.1 The State of a System The notion of the state of a system is a central one in both classical and quantum physics, though it is often possible to live with only an intuitive idea of what it means. However, it proves to be important here to have the concept of the state of a system clearly defined ...
An Introduction to Applied Quantum Mechanics in the Wigner Monte
... functions (Keldysh), and still they provide the very same predictions as the Schrödinger equation. In a sense, the situation is not any different than classical mechanics where different, but mathematically equivalent, formalisms (such as Newtonian, Langrangian, Hamiltonian, etc.) can be utilized ...
... functions (Keldysh), and still they provide the very same predictions as the Schrödinger equation. In a sense, the situation is not any different than classical mechanics where different, but mathematically equivalent, formalisms (such as Newtonian, Langrangian, Hamiltonian, etc.) can be utilized ...
Locality and Causality in Hidden Variables Models of Quantum Theory
... is special, and the conjecture may well be correct for d 3. We exhibit a larger class of states similar to the Werner states, which are entangled, admit a local hidden variables model, and have the additional property that after the rst measurement on one side the projected states are mixtures o ...
... is special, and the conjecture may well be correct for d 3. We exhibit a larger class of states similar to the Werner states, which are entangled, admit a local hidden variables model, and have the additional property that after the rst measurement on one side the projected states are mixtures o ...
THE MANY CLASSICAL FACES OF QUANTUM STRUCTURES 1
... each classical subsystem assemble to a state of the quantum system. That is ruled out by the Kochen–Specker theorem. In physical terms: local deterministic hidden variables are impossible; one cannot assign definite values to all observables of a quantum system in a noncontextual way, i.e. giving co ...
... each classical subsystem assemble to a state of the quantum system. That is ruled out by the Kochen–Specker theorem. In physical terms: local deterministic hidden variables are impossible; one cannot assign definite values to all observables of a quantum system in a noncontextual way, i.e. giving co ...
Quantification of Linear Entropy for Quantum Entanglement in He, H
... There has been considerable interest in the investigations of quantum entanglement in atomic systems ([1– 4], and references therein) including the two-electron model atoms, helium-like ions and helium atoms, as understanding of entangled systems is important in other research areas such as quantum ...
... There has been considerable interest in the investigations of quantum entanglement in atomic systems ([1– 4], and references therein) including the two-electron model atoms, helium-like ions and helium atoms, as understanding of entangled systems is important in other research areas such as quantum ...
Mathematical Aspects of Quantum Theory and Quantization Summer
... examples. The Dirac δ-function and its derivatives, later made by Laurent Schwartz into a rigorous part of functional analysis, the theory of distributions. The so called ‘anticommuting c-numbers’. The use of heuristic language is a convenient tool in physics, but it is also dangerous, as it may hid ...
... examples. The Dirac δ-function and its derivatives, later made by Laurent Schwartz into a rigorous part of functional analysis, the theory of distributions. The so called ‘anticommuting c-numbers’. The use of heuristic language is a convenient tool in physics, but it is also dangerous, as it may hid ...
Chapter 12: Symmetries in Physics: Isospin and the Eightfold Way
... set of symmetries that have played a seminal role in the development of elementary particle and nuclear physics. These are the isospin symmetry of nuclear interactions and its natural extension, the so-called Eightfold Way. The organization of this chapter is as follows: In the next section we will ...
... set of symmetries that have played a seminal role in the development of elementary particle and nuclear physics. These are the isospin symmetry of nuclear interactions and its natural extension, the so-called Eightfold Way. The organization of this chapter is as follows: In the next section we will ...
Irreducible Tensor Operators and the Wigner
... The Wigner-Eckart theorem concerns matrix elements of a type that is of frequent occurrence in all areas of quantum physics, especially in perturbation theory and in the theory of the emission and absorption of radiation. This theorem allows one to determine very quickly the selection rules for the ...
... The Wigner-Eckart theorem concerns matrix elements of a type that is of frequent occurrence in all areas of quantum physics, especially in perturbation theory and in the theory of the emission and absorption of radiation. This theorem allows one to determine very quickly the selection rules for the ...
Process, System, Causality, and Quantum Mechanics, A
... bilities and quantum measurement probabilities by linked probabilities. As we’ll see, the same embedding maps classical Markov chains into isomorphic representations of themselves. In linked chains of any kind, linked probabilities are quadratic in unlinked probabilities, but in classical chains on ...
... bilities and quantum measurement probabilities by linked probabilities. As we’ll see, the same embedding maps classical Markov chains into isomorphic representations of themselves. In linked chains of any kind, linked probabilities are quadratic in unlinked probabilities, but in classical chains on ...
How to solve Fokker-Planck equation treating mixed eigenvalue
... M. Brics1 , J. Kaupužs2 , R. Mahnke1 1 Institute of Physics, Rostock University, D–18051 Rostock, Germany 2 Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Latvia, LV–1459 Riga, Latvia ...
... M. Brics1 , J. Kaupužs2 , R. Mahnke1 1 Institute of Physics, Rostock University, D–18051 Rostock, Germany 2 Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Latvia, LV–1459 Riga, Latvia ...
Driven Problems in Quantum and Classical Mechanics with Floquet
... real µ, the solution is normalizable and the motion is bounded. Imaginary (or complex) values of µ allow for diverging or decaying solutions. For example, consider the case in which µ = −ia, where a > 0. This would make the solution tend to diverge as t → ∞, and is thus not normalizable. µ= ...
... real µ, the solution is normalizable and the motion is bounded. Imaginary (or complex) values of µ allow for diverging or decaying solutions. For example, consider the case in which µ = −ia, where a > 0. This would make the solution tend to diverge as t → ∞, and is thus not normalizable. µ= ...
