Reference Group A group is described as a social unit which
... The term reference group refer to any and all groups that influence the attitudes and behavior of individuals. The theory is often used to describe two major types of relationships between individuals and groups. These two major dimensions are known as "normative" reference group behaviour and "comp ...
... The term reference group refer to any and all groups that influence the attitudes and behavior of individuals. The theory is often used to describe two major types of relationships between individuals and groups. These two major dimensions are known as "normative" reference group behaviour and "comp ...
The Social Constitution of Perceiver
... Mounting paleontological and archeological evidence indicates that human evolution should be viewed in the light of such social considerations. The environment of our immediate human ancestors was marked by, among other things, group settlements, manufactured stone tools, and extensive migration. An ...
... Mounting paleontological and archeological evidence indicates that human evolution should be viewed in the light of such social considerations. The environment of our immediate human ancestors was marked by, among other things, group settlements, manufactured stone tools, and extensive migration. An ...
Social Psychology Social Psychology
... Schemas tend to be “self-fulfilling” (i.e, others typically will match our expectations) WHY? Perceptual Salience & Selective Recall (e.g, from text) The result: An ILLUSORY CORRELATION: belief in a stronger relationship between the observed individual and a given trait than what actually exists. Th ...
... Schemas tend to be “self-fulfilling” (i.e, others typically will match our expectations) WHY? Perceptual Salience & Selective Recall (e.g, from text) The result: An ILLUSORY CORRELATION: belief in a stronger relationship between the observed individual and a given trait than what actually exists. Th ...
Sociocultural Level of Analysis: Social and Cultural Norms
... same way , or that they think differently, it causes anxiety. Festinger called this cognitive dissonance. 2. Normative social influence is based on our nature as social animals. People have a need to be accepted by others and to belong. ...
... same way , or that they think differently, it causes anxiety. Festinger called this cognitive dissonance. 2. Normative social influence is based on our nature as social animals. People have a need to be accepted by others and to belong. ...
Constructing Credible Images
... useful records of what was visible in a particular time and place. It is not always easy to make those records in the way we will later find most useful, nor is it a simple matter to understand what images made by others fairly depict or neglect. Indeed, the idea that photographs and other machine-r ...
... useful records of what was visible in a particular time and place. It is not always easy to make those records in the way we will later find most useful, nor is it a simple matter to understand what images made by others fairly depict or neglect. Indeed, the idea that photographs and other machine-r ...
Psychology 101: Introduction to Psychology
... 19. Regarding attributions, which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The actor-observer effect is strong across a wide variety of situations. B) The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal causes, while attributing our own behavior to situational demands is explained by the actor-ob ...
... 19. Regarding attributions, which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The actor-observer effect is strong across a wide variety of situations. B) The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal causes, while attributing our own behavior to situational demands is explained by the actor-ob ...
![Springer MRW: [AU:0, IDX:0]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002342404_1-462c926ca723ec815a378a9f43b2bd2c-300x300.png)
Springer MRW: [AU:0, IDX:0]
... depends on several factors. The spatial arrangement of resources in habitats influences the distribution of individuals within the habitat and their ability to acquire resources. The space between individuals is generally greater in habitats in which resources are uniformly or randomly distributed. M ...
... depends on several factors. The spatial arrangement of resources in habitats influences the distribution of individuals within the habitat and their ability to acquire resources. The space between individuals is generally greater in habitats in which resources are uniformly or randomly distributed. M ...
Also featuring Bandura`s social learning model (You may want to
... In this course, we will engage in classroom discussions. Any true discussion involves personal exposure and taking risks. Your ideas may or may not be consistent with those of your classmates but we should try to respect the views and opinions of others. There will be times when you will give wrong ...
... In this course, we will engage in classroom discussions. Any true discussion involves personal exposure and taking risks. Your ideas may or may not be consistent with those of your classmates but we should try to respect the views and opinions of others. There will be times when you will give wrong ...
The Nature and Dynamics of Social Norms
... shares their empirical and normative expectations, will experience a loss of utility by transgressing the norm to the point that opportunistic behavior will cease to be the dominating strategy. Social norms have been largely regarded as significant motivators of individual decision making. Yet the a ...
... shares their empirical and normative expectations, will experience a loss of utility by transgressing the norm to the point that opportunistic behavior will cease to be the dominating strategy. Social norms have been largely regarded as significant motivators of individual decision making. Yet the a ...
The Social Contract
... is not free to do anything at all one pleases, or even anything that one judges to be in one’s interest. • The State of Nature, although a state wherein there is no civil authority or government to punish people for transgressions against laws, is not a state without morality. The State of Nature is ...
... is not free to do anything at all one pleases, or even anything that one judges to be in one’s interest. • The State of Nature, although a state wherein there is no civil authority or government to punish people for transgressions against laws, is not a state without morality. The State of Nature is ...
social relations and social influence
... Attribution refers to the process through which an observer infers the causes of another’s behavior. For example, If a women performs a favor for us; – Why is she doing it? – Is she doing it because she is a generous person Or, is she doing it because she have an ulterior ...
... Attribution refers to the process through which an observer infers the causes of another’s behavior. For example, If a women performs a favor for us; – Why is she doing it? – Is she doing it because she is a generous person Or, is she doing it because she have an ulterior ...
Can Understanding Undermine Explanation? The Confused
... of inner states. To be sure, some virtuosic practitioners claim to commune with the minds of their subjects, but the more usual practice is to offer self-statements, observations, and other forms of publicly accessible evidence that speak to inner states. Moreover, Bunge’s polemic seems out of place ...
... of inner states. To be sure, some virtuosic practitioners claim to commune with the minds of their subjects, but the more usual practice is to offer self-statements, observations, and other forms of publicly accessible evidence that speak to inner states. Moreover, Bunge’s polemic seems out of place ...
PDF
... of income can be softened by resources provided by friends and relatives. But people can also mobilize their networks if they see a good opportunity that promises benefits to them and their friends. This is the so called grab behaviour (SIK 1994). A vivid example for this ...
... of income can be softened by resources provided by friends and relatives. But people can also mobilize their networks if they see a good opportunity that promises benefits to them and their friends. This is the so called grab behaviour (SIK 1994). A vivid example for this ...
Documenting Work and Working Documents: Perspectives from
... many organizational work practices developed in concert with the use of paper, and to the fact that certain physical properties of paper documents do a good job of supporting workplace activities including authoring and reviewing work, collaborative work, and organizational communication. The afford ...
... many organizational work practices developed in concert with the use of paper, and to the fact that certain physical properties of paper documents do a good job of supporting workplace activities including authoring and reviewing work, collaborative work, and organizational communication. The afford ...
Unit 6 - DCU Moodle 2013
... " A grounded theory is one that is inductively derived from the study of the phenomenon it represents. That is, it is discovered, developed, and provisionally verified through systematic data collection and analysis of data pertaining to that phenomenon. Therefore, data collection, analysis, and the ...
... " A grounded theory is one that is inductively derived from the study of the phenomenon it represents. That is, it is discovered, developed, and provisionally verified through systematic data collection and analysis of data pertaining to that phenomenon. Therefore, data collection, analysis, and the ...
economics language and assumptions: how theories
... In the last twenty years, economists have been vigorously debating the role and validity of their behavioral assumptions, primarily in the subdiscipline of behavioral economics. This effort, which started at the periphery of the field, is now receiving increasing attention in the mainstream of the f ...
... In the last twenty years, economists have been vigorously debating the role and validity of their behavioral assumptions, primarily in the subdiscipline of behavioral economics. This effort, which started at the periphery of the field, is now receiving increasing attention in the mainstream of the f ...
Negational racial identity and presidential voting preferences
... Whereas conventional appeals to common experience of discrimination or superordinate identities such as party affiliations have not been very successful in overcoming group barriers among minority racial groups, we found that highlighting one’s negational identity as non-White increased Latino and As ...
... Whereas conventional appeals to common experience of discrimination or superordinate identities such as party affiliations have not been very successful in overcoming group barriers among minority racial groups, we found that highlighting one’s negational identity as non-White increased Latino and As ...
The Definition of Social Pedagogy in the Context of Socio
... The exact definition (for the purposes of our research) of social pedagogy presents Hradečná (1998, p.7) as “borderline discipline that focuses on macro-social aspects of education (the nature of society, the overall cultural and political status of the society, including the value system) and micro ...
... The exact definition (for the purposes of our research) of social pedagogy presents Hradečná (1998, p.7) as “borderline discipline that focuses on macro-social aspects of education (the nature of society, the overall cultural and political status of the society, including the value system) and micro ...
Self-Interest, Automaticity, and the Psychology of Conflict of
... between two different modes of information processing that characterize human cognition. Although there are differences between specific versions of such “dual process” perspectives, the most common dichotomy distinguishes between (a) processes that are relatively effortless and unconscious, and, (b ...
... between two different modes of information processing that characterize human cognition. Although there are differences between specific versions of such “dual process” perspectives, the most common dichotomy distinguishes between (a) processes that are relatively effortless and unconscious, and, (b ...
AS EDEXCEL PSYCHOLOGY 2008
... Studies of obedience carried out across cultures find similarly high levels of obedience to those found by Milgram. This shows that we are, by nature, social beings, heavily influenced by our social environment & setting: the power of the social situation. However, cross-cultural studies of obedienc ...
... Studies of obedience carried out across cultures find similarly high levels of obedience to those found by Milgram. This shows that we are, by nature, social beings, heavily influenced by our social environment & setting: the power of the social situation. However, cross-cultural studies of obedienc ...
Gender Discrepancies in Social Facilitation
... This suggests that for performance impairment to occur via social facilitation, the participant must be able to link their performance on the task to social perception of their performance, and thus their public image (Bond, Adnan, and VanLeeuwen 1996). This research lends support to the Evaluation- ...
... This suggests that for performance impairment to occur via social facilitation, the participant must be able to link their performance on the task to social perception of their performance, and thus their public image (Bond, Adnan, and VanLeeuwen 1996). This research lends support to the Evaluation- ...
Applying Adaptationism to Human Anger: The Recalibrational
... arose to fill the vacuum after the dissolution of group selection accounts; most of these new theories stemmed from the introduction of game theory to evolutionary biology by Maynard Smith (1982), which allowed evolutionary biologists to posit mathematically precise models of selection pressures. Th ...
... arose to fill the vacuum after the dissolution of group selection accounts; most of these new theories stemmed from the introduction of game theory to evolutionary biology by Maynard Smith (1982), which allowed evolutionary biologists to posit mathematically precise models of selection pressures. Th ...
the logic of xenophobia
... it is an approximate truth to say that ‘if you’ve seen one oak tree, you’ve seen them all’. Here we only need a limited number of properties to define objects as belonging to one category rather than another, and once we have correctly placed an object in the category of oak trees, we can with extrem ...
... it is an approximate truth to say that ‘if you’ve seen one oak tree, you’ve seen them all’. Here we only need a limited number of properties to define objects as belonging to one category rather than another, and once we have correctly placed an object in the category of oak trees, we can with extrem ...
Social Science History, Cultural History, and the Amnesty of 403
... all were at risk. At the bottom of the downward spiral of stasis lay the material destruction of the polis as a public and privately held physical space, the disintegration of the citizenship as a community of persons, and the semiotic collapse of a common discourse that had once united citizens wit ...
... all were at risk. At the bottom of the downward spiral of stasis lay the material destruction of the polis as a public and privately held physical space, the disintegration of the citizenship as a community of persons, and the semiotic collapse of a common discourse that had once united citizens wit ...
Module 25 Social Psychology
... • Five stages in deciding to help 1. notice the situation 2. interpret it as one in which help is needed 3. assume personal responsibility 4. choose a form of assistance 5. carry out that assistance – Arousal-cost-reward model of helping • make decisions to help by calculating the costs and rewards ...
... • Five stages in deciding to help 1. notice the situation 2. interpret it as one in which help is needed 3. assume personal responsibility 4. choose a form of assistance 5. carry out that assistance – Arousal-cost-reward model of helping • make decisions to help by calculating the costs and rewards ...