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... Rutherford, Bohr proposed that electrons travel in definite orbits around the nucleus. ...
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Laser Spectroscopy of Rubidium - University of San Diego Home
Laser Spectroscopy of Rubidium - University of San Diego Home

... smallest amount of energy from itself and its surroundings, atoms included. Although, the electrons of atoms can be placed in an excited state with the help of a photon which has a very specific frequency corresponding to the ”jump” of energy state the electron takes. This specific frequency is simp ...
Atomic emission spectrum
Atomic emission spectrum

... spectrum.The production of line spectra by the atoms of an element, indicates that an atom can radiate only certain amount of energy. This leads to the conclusion that electrons cannot have any amount of energy but only a certain amount of energy.  The emission spectrum characteristics of some elem ...
Quantum Numbers and Atomic Orbitals
Quantum Numbers and Atomic Orbitals

... closed  shell  of  electrons  is  very  stable)   •  Valence  are  the  electrons  that  are  higher  in   energy  –  outside  the  closed  shell   ...
Introduction to Quantum Optics for Cavity QED Quantum correlations
Introduction to Quantum Optics for Cavity QED Quantum correlations

Electron Configuration
Electron Configuration

INCONSISTENT HISTORIES REVEALED BY QUANTUM
INCONSISTENT HISTORIES REVEALED BY QUANTUM

Isotopic indistinguishibility, scattering processes and the non mass
Isotopic indistinguishibility, scattering processes and the non mass

Counting energy packets in the electromagnetic
Counting energy packets in the electromagnetic

neutrino_trans1
neutrino_trans1

... enough to resolve the oscillations, this guarantees that the wavepackets of the different i still overlap (barely). On the other hand, if the detector energy resolution is poor, and the oscillations can’t be resolved in the energy spectrum, the quantum description of this is that the i have “decoh ...
Quantum Effects in White Dwarfs - The Dartmouth Undergraduate
Quantum Effects in White Dwarfs - The Dartmouth Undergraduate

... by Chabrier et al., however, that quantum mechanical effects in ion interaction can change the characteristics of this phase transition in white dwarfs with a mass greater than one solar mass. A “quantum solid” is a solid in which the oscillatory motion of ions around the lattice sites is dominated ...
CHAPTER 9: Statistical Physics
CHAPTER 9: Statistical Physics

... There is more! When density is very high or T is low, there is a good chance that more than 1 particle occupy the same quantum (micro) state. The distribution is strongly dependent on the the character of the particles (Fermion or Boson). It drastically changes the number of states and , as a result ...
“What is quantum theory about?” Jos Uffink March 26, 2010, Utrecht
“What is quantum theory about?” Jos Uffink March 26, 2010, Utrecht

... remain true whatever may be the details of the invisible mechanism which animates them. ” ...
the constancy of for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic
the constancy of for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic

... work out, our goal. Thus, we came out with the task of working out the constancy of PV  . The value of the constancy of PV  , is something totally missed over almost a century, in the literature. As far as records are concerned, no one seems to have even wondered about the possible value of this c ...
Eva Knoth PH263 – Lab 7 March 30, 2011 The Photoelectric Effect
Eva Knoth PH263 – Lab 7 March 30, 2011 The Photoelectric Effect

... dependence on wavelength. As the wavelength was increased, current decreased. Current appears to be inversely proportional to the square of the wavelength (Graph 1). This relationship is expected because kinetic energy and wavelength are inversely proportional, and current is a measure of how many e ...
Vol 29, No 1, Mar 2015 - University of Canberra
Vol 29, No 1, Mar 2015 - University of Canberra

... is light—wave or particle? Robert Hooke’s Micrographia describes how colors of thin films depended on a film’s thickness, suggesting a standing wave condition. Christaan Huygens argued that the tremendous speed of light would be feasible only if light was a disturbance through a medium, not the bulk ...
Quantised Singularities in the Electromagnetic Field
Quantised Singularities in the Electromagnetic Field

... before. Quite likely these changes will be so great that it will be beyond the power of human intelligence to get the necessary new ideas by direct attempts to formulate the experimental data in mathematical terms. The theoretical worker in the future will therefore have to proceed in a more indire ...
Quantum Physics 2005
Quantum Physics 2005

... particle. We have found that if one wants to specify the position of a Gaussian wave packet, then: )x)p = h • Similarly, angular frequency and time are conjugate variables in wave analysis. (They appear with one another in the phase of a harmonic wave.) )+)t = 1 • Since energy and frequency are rela ...
III. Quantum Model of the Atom
III. Quantum Model of the Atom

... A. Electrons as Waves • Louis de Broglie (1924) – Applied wave-particle theory to e– e- exhibit wave properties QUANTIZED WAVELENGTHS ...
Time-Dependent Electron Interactions in Double
Time-Dependent Electron Interactions in Double

Photon Localization Revisited
Photon Localization Revisited

... without the spatial localization of detected photons. Fortunately, we have found in our joint paper [1] an affirmative answer to this long-standing problem on the basis of the group-theoretical concept of imprimitivity systems utilized in [3]: the above-mentioned conflict is resolved by the presence ...
Newton’s first law
Newton’s first law

...  If an electron is given an energy E larger than W, it can escape the metal and will have a maximum KE: ...
Quantum mechanics for Advaitins
Quantum mechanics for Advaitins

AS 713  Spectroscopy in Astrophysics Fall 2014
AS 713 Spectroscopy in Astrophysics Fall 2014

... This course presents the physical basis for spectroscopic measurements in astronomy. We will therefore cover elementary quantum mechanics, to see where the energy levels come from, and statistical mechanics, to see what determines the strength of a spectral line. Armed with our copious knowledge, we ...
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Wave–particle duality

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