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Java - Fabrizio Montesi
Java - Fabrizio Montesi

... Opt: Define a generic class Pair that can store pairs of values of any types. Opt: Create a List of Pair with some values. For each pair containing a string s and an integer n, we say that s is associated to n. Opt: For each string (first value of a pair) in the list, print the ...
CET3640 – Lecture 7 – Ch 10 – Polymorphism Interfaces
CET3640 – Lecture 7 – Ch 10 – Polymorphism Interfaces

... The Java API’s interfaces enable you to use your own classes within the frameworks provided by Java, such as comparing objects of your own types and creating tasks that can execute concurrently with other tasks in the same program. Figure 10.16 presents a brief overview of a few of the more popular ...
ppt
ppt

... Products and Records If T and U are types, then T  U (written (T * U) in SML) is the type whose values are pairs (t,u) where t has type T and u has type U. Mathematically this corresponds to the cartesian product of sets. More generally we have tuple types with any number of components. The compon ...
ppt
ppt

... Products and Records If T and U are types, then T  U (written (T * U) in SML) is the type whose values are pairs (t,u) where t has type T and u has type U. Mathematically this corresponds to the cartesian product of sets. More generally we have tuple types with any number of components. The compon ...
The Bridge between Mathematical Models of Physics and Generic
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... Axiomatic foundations of mathematics on set theory was a great program started at the beginning of the last century by David Hilbert. Despite being proved to be impossible by Gödel it had a great influence on the later development of mathematical logic, proof theory, computer science and later type ...
Chapter 10 Dynamic Data Structures and Generics
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... • Accessor methods should not return a private instance variable of type Vector. • Accessor methods should return a copy of the vector, not the private instance vector itself. • Method clone can be used to produce a copy of the private instance vector. ...
PPT - University of Maryland at College Park
PPT - University of Maryland at College Park

... Provided in System class in java.lang System.in An instance of InputStream System.out An instance of PrintStream System.err An instance of PrintStream ...
PPT - University of Maryland at College Park
PPT - University of Maryland at College Park

... Provided in System class in java.lang System.in An instance of InputStream System.out An instance of PrintStream System.err An instance of PrintStream ...
CS/IS 112 – Week 2 - Glendale Community College
CS/IS 112 – Week 2 - Glendale Community College

... More Java basics • public static void main (String[] args) Every application (not applet) must have a method name main. Every class must contain at least 1 method • { } Braces also mark the beginning and end of each method • System.out.print(“Hello World!”); Methods contain statements and each stat ...
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...  We can have a superclass and implement one or more interfaces.  An interface can extend another interface or multiple other interfaces.  You can NEVER create an instance of an interface. ...
Generics9
Generics9

... The code has a compile error, because the argument passed to the compareTo method must be of the Date type. Since the errors can be detected at compile time rather than at runtime. The generic type makes the program more reliable. ...
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... different terms: λx : A. λy : A. x and λx : A. λy : A. y ...
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public static void nameAndAddress()
public static void nameAndAddress()

... Methods that Use a Single Argument • Methods that do not require any arguments are simple to write and can be used in certain situations. • However, they are limited because they have no communication with the calling class. Ex. Suppose you are writing a program to create restaurant reservations. W ...
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...   It computes the value of  new Point3d() and stores this value (the tab name) in p. ...
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... • Like a mixin in Ruby • Think Java interfaces, but they can have methods defined on them ...
Type Systems
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... students excellent error messages tranport kind inference to helium contraint based type inferencer ...
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... accessible and there is no other applicable and accessible method that is more specific. • If there is only one maximally specific method for a given method invocation, it is called the most specific method • If a most specific method cannot be found, there is ambiguity and the compiler reports an e ...
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... Write a function average to calculate the mean of a list of integers What is the type of average? Write a function almostAverage to calculate the mean of a list of integers, excluding the largest and smallest element ...
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... CSC 243 – Java Programming, Spring 2014 March, 2014 Week 7ish, Generics ...
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... execution. This can be very convenient but can make debugging more difficult. There can be performance penalties (why?) Examples – Lisp, Scheme, Perl. ...
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Method Overloading

...  Overloaded methods are two or more methods of the same class with the same name but different signatures. I.e., they must have different numbers of parameters or different types of parameters, or both. ...
Method Overloading
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...  Overloaded methods are two or more methods of the same class with the same name but different signatures. I.e., they must have different numbers of parameters or different types of parameters, or both. ...
PDF
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... To recapitulate a key point made at the end of Lecture 1, most formal methods courses start with (classical) logic as the language for precisely saying what a program should do. This logic is used to be precise about programming problems or tasks. This is not the best way to start nowadays. For one ...
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Covariance and contravariance (computer science)

Many programming language type systems support subtyping. For instance, if Cat is subtype of Animal, then an expression of type Cat can be used whenever an expression of type Animal could. Variance refers to how subtyping between more complex types (list of Cats versus list of Animals, function returning Cat versus function returning Animal, ...) relates to subtyping between their components. Depending on the variance of the type constructor, the subtyping relation may be either preserved, reversed, or ignored. For example, in C#: IEnumerable is a subtype of IEnumerable. The subtyping is preserved because IEnumerable is covariant on T. Action is a subtype of Action. The subtyping is reversed because Action is contravariant on T. Neither IList nor IList is a subtype of the other, because IList is invariant on T.The variance of a C# interface is determined by in/out annotations on its type parameters; the above interfaces are declared as IEnumerable, Action, and IList. Types with more than one type parameter may specify different variances on each type parameter. For example, the delegate type Func represents a function with a contravariant input parameter of type T and a covariant return value of type TResult.The typing rules for interface variance ensure type safety. For example, an Action represents a first-class function expecting an argument of type T, and a function that can handle any type of animal can always be used instead of one that can only handle cats.A programming language designer will consider variance when devising typing rules for e.g. arrays, inheritance, and generic datatypes. By making type constructors covariant or contravariant instead of invariant, more programs will be accepted as well-typed. On the other hand, programmers often find contravariance unintuitive, and accurately tracking variance to avoid runtime type errors can lead to complex typing rules. In order to keep the type system simple and allow useful programs, a language may treat a type constructor as invariant even if it would be safe to consider it variant, or treat it as covariant even when that can violate type safety.
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