![The Response of Polarization Maintaining Fibers upon Temperature](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/022912859_1-278bed3d8a179f00da89318bef492f35-300x300.png)
The Response of Polarization Maintaining Fibers upon Temperature
... multiple of its beat length and for excitation of both polarization axes by means of circular polarized optical radiation with no disturbance of external thermal field, the phase shift φ will be equal to zero and the corresponding Stokes component S2 = 0. For optical fiber length different from a mu ...
... multiple of its beat length and for excitation of both polarization axes by means of circular polarized optical radiation with no disturbance of external thermal field, the phase shift φ will be equal to zero and the corresponding Stokes component S2 = 0. For optical fiber length different from a mu ...
3.4-?m ZGP RISTRA nanosecond - AS
... strength of diffractive coupling, so that small NF results in good beam quality, while large NF tends to result in very poor beam quality. For example, with the RISTRA’s physical length of ~109 mm NF can exceed several hundred for visible to near-IR wavelengths and pump beam diameters of 6 – 8 mm. F ...
... strength of diffractive coupling, so that small NF results in good beam quality, while large NF tends to result in very poor beam quality. For example, with the RISTRA’s physical length of ~109 mm NF can exceed several hundred for visible to near-IR wavelengths and pump beam diameters of 6 – 8 mm. F ...
Adaptive secondary mirrors
... – Using lasers – Nothing special about coherent light - could use a flashlight hanging from a “giant high-altitude helicopter” – Size on sky has to be diffraction limit of a WFS sub-aperture • Laser guide stars have PROS and CONS: – Pluses: can put them anywhere, can be bright – Minuses: NGS give ...
... – Using lasers – Nothing special about coherent light - could use a flashlight hanging from a “giant high-altitude helicopter” – Size on sky has to be diffraction limit of a WFS sub-aperture • Laser guide stars have PROS and CONS: – Pluses: can put them anywhere, can be bright – Minuses: NGS give ...
Laser Hazard Identification Checklist
... Class 3R Lasers that emit in the wavelength range from 302.5nm to 106nm where direct intrabeam viewing is potentially hazardous but the risk is lower than for Class 3B lasers, and fewer manufacturing requirements and control measures for the user apply than for Class 3B lasers. The accessible emissi ...
... Class 3R Lasers that emit in the wavelength range from 302.5nm to 106nm where direct intrabeam viewing is potentially hazardous but the risk is lower than for Class 3B lasers, and fewer manufacturing requirements and control measures for the user apply than for Class 3B lasers. The accessible emissi ...
Chapter 2 – Review of length measuring interferometers
... hence measure f) to a resolution of 1/100 to 1/1000 of a fringe - the minor tick marks on the ‘ruler’ are represented by single atoms. By using sources with much smaller wavelengths (e.g. x-rays), the size of each fringe can be reduced to 0.2 nm, and fringe sub-division yields a measurement resoluti ...
... hence measure f) to a resolution of 1/100 to 1/1000 of a fringe - the minor tick marks on the ‘ruler’ are represented by single atoms. By using sources with much smaller wavelengths (e.g. x-rays), the size of each fringe can be reduced to 0.2 nm, and fringe sub-division yields a measurement resoluti ...
Ohmic Contacts With Ultra-Low Optical Loss on Heavily Doped n
... the InP waveguide (WG) layers. They are grown with Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) at 650 °C using disilane as the doping gas source. The solubility of Si in the ternary and quaternary alloys is known to be much higher than that in InP [9]. Also, disilane has a higher decomposition r ...
... the InP waveguide (WG) layers. They are grown with Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) at 650 °C using disilane as the doping gas source. The solubility of Si in the ternary and quaternary alloys is known to be much higher than that in InP [9]. Also, disilane has a higher decomposition r ...
Soft-x-ray laser interferometry of a pinch discharge using a tabletop... * C. H. Moreno, M. C. Marconi,
... The interferometer design requires the use of two nearnormal incidence mirrors. The literature indicates that Ir or Os coatings can produce normal incidence reflectivities of nearly 20% at 46.9 nm @16#. However, we have observed during our experiments that in practice the reflectivity of Ir coatings ...
... The interferometer design requires the use of two nearnormal incidence mirrors. The literature indicates that Ir or Os coatings can produce normal incidence reflectivities of nearly 20% at 46.9 nm @16#. However, we have observed during our experiments that in practice the reflectivity of Ir coatings ...
Optics and Quantum Electronics E. P. Ippen
... Ti:sapphire laser oscillator [1]. Detection of the carrier-envelope phase is then achieved by focusing the short pulses directly from the oscillator into a BBO-crystal. As a further example of nonlinear optics with such short pulses, the interference between second and third harmonic components was ...
... Ti:sapphire laser oscillator [1]. Detection of the carrier-envelope phase is then achieved by focusing the short pulses directly from the oscillator into a BBO-crystal. As a further example of nonlinear optics with such short pulses, the interference between second and third harmonic components was ...
Frequency comb generation by CW laser injection
... combs are attractive for application in wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems and also as multi-wavelength light sources [18–21]. The coherence of frequency comb modes can be exploited in Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) [22]. In this work we report on th ...
... combs are attractive for application in wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems and also as multi-wavelength light sources [18–21]. The coherence of frequency comb modes can be exploited in Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) [22]. In this work we report on th ...
Effect of the refractive index change kinetics of
... described earlier [13] was used. The samples with thickness of 2 mm were prepared. These samples were UV-exposed using a 4 mW He–Cd laser at 325 nm. The procedure of exposure was similar to that described in [14] (Fig. 1). A stripe with Gaussian distribution of dosage and maximum dosage about 0.9 J∕ ...
... described earlier [13] was used. The samples with thickness of 2 mm were prepared. These samples were UV-exposed using a 4 mW He–Cd laser at 325 nm. The procedure of exposure was similar to that described in [14] (Fig. 1). A stripe with Gaussian distribution of dosage and maximum dosage about 0.9 J∕ ...
3D Finite Element Model for Writing Long
... show lower retro-reflection, higher sensitivity and robustness in sensing applications when compared with FBG [8]. A LPFG can be produced mechanically [9], chemically (etching) [10], by photonic processes (ultra-violet irradiation) [11] or thermally, either by applying an electric arc discharge [12] ...
... show lower retro-reflection, higher sensitivity and robustness in sensing applications when compared with FBG [8]. A LPFG can be produced mechanically [9], chemically (etching) [10], by photonic processes (ultra-violet irradiation) [11] or thermally, either by applying an electric arc discharge [12] ...
Chapter 2 Femtosecond Laser Pulses - diss.fu
... Consider now a seed beam with a Gaussian profile propagating through a nonlinear medium, e.g. a Ti:sapphire crystal, which is pumped by a cw radiation. As aforementioned, for high intensity light, due to the intensity dependent refractive index, the Kerr lens effect occurs. When the laser operates i ...
... Consider now a seed beam with a Gaussian profile propagating through a nonlinear medium, e.g. a Ti:sapphire crystal, which is pumped by a cw radiation. As aforementioned, for high intensity light, due to the intensity dependent refractive index, the Kerr lens effect occurs. When the laser operates i ...
Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry
... holography. It is of course possible to optically conjugate the WFS plane with a given object plane. For phase microscopy, the phase-shift introduced by a sample placed in the object plane could be directly measured by the WFS, allowing quantitative phase-shift imaging where the WFS resolution and t ...
... holography. It is of course possible to optically conjugate the WFS plane with a given object plane. For phase microscopy, the phase-shift introduced by a sample placed in the object plane could be directly measured by the WFS, allowing quantitative phase-shift imaging where the WFS resolution and t ...
Micro-machining with ultrashort laser pulses: From
... be drilled in less than one millisecond. A lack of geometrical accuracy and other quality problems resulting from recast material strongly limited the number of industrial applications, however. In mechanical metal cutting techniques it is a common procedure to increase accuracy by reducing the volu ...
... be drilled in less than one millisecond. A lack of geometrical accuracy and other quality problems resulting from recast material strongly limited the number of industrial applications, however. In mechanical metal cutting techniques it is a common procedure to increase accuracy by reducing the volu ...
Magnetic hyperbolic optical metamaterials ARTICLE
... the propagation of electromagnetic waves inside a material is defined by both the dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability tensors. Specifically, the electric response defines the dispersion for the transverse magnetic (TM) linearly polarized light, and the magnetic response defines the dispers ...
... the propagation of electromagnetic waves inside a material is defined by both the dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability tensors. Specifically, the electric response defines the dispersion for the transverse magnetic (TM) linearly polarized light, and the magnetic response defines the dispers ...
Thermal Infrared Reflective Metal Oxide Sol
... designed, developed, modified, and implemented into composite designs. Typically, an increase in functionality requires additional material phases within one system. The presence of excessive phases can result in deterioration of individual or overall properties. True multi-functional materials must ...
... designed, developed, modified, and implemented into composite designs. Typically, an increase in functionality requires additional material phases within one system. The presence of excessive phases can result in deterioration of individual or overall properties. True multi-functional materials must ...
MPE Tutorial Multiphoton Excitation Microscopy 5100 Patrick Henry Drive
... When working with biological samples, serious problems can occur with normal confocal fluorescence microscopy. One problem is photobleaching of the fluorescent label (fluorophore). In many cases, researchers are interested in observing living specimens, often at several stages during development. Be ...
... When working with biological samples, serious problems can occur with normal confocal fluorescence microscopy. One problem is photobleaching of the fluorescent label (fluorophore). In many cases, researchers are interested in observing living specimens, often at several stages during development. Be ...
Direct measurement of terahertz wavefront pulses using 2D electro
... NeTHIS – New Terahertz Iimaging Systems, Mérignac, France ...
... NeTHIS – New Terahertz Iimaging Systems, Mérignac, France ...
fourier transform infra-red (ftir) spectroscopy
... In general, a frequency will be strongly absorbed if its photon energy coincides ...
... In general, a frequency will be strongly absorbed if its photon energy coincides ...
Defect-tolerant extreme ultraviolet nanoscale printing L. Urbanski, * A. Isoyan, A. Stein,
... We describe a defect-free lithography technique based on the Talbot effect that uses extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser light to print nanoscale features. A periodic diffractive object referred further in the text as to the mask was illuminated by coherent EUV light to create self-images that were prin ...
... We describe a defect-free lithography technique based on the Talbot effect that uses extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser light to print nanoscale features. A periodic diffractive object referred further in the text as to the mask was illuminated by coherent EUV light to create self-images that were prin ...
The lion-msc document class - Leiden Institute of Physics
... focus on discrete polarization entanglement, quantum states of two particles that are entangled in continuous variables [1] such as frequency [2, 3], time-bin [4–6] or photon momenta [7–10] are also possible, which gives access to high-dimensional entanglement that can be explored by measuring corre ...
... focus on discrete polarization entanglement, quantum states of two particles that are entangled in continuous variables [1] such as frequency [2, 3], time-bin [4–6] or photon momenta [7–10] are also possible, which gives access to high-dimensional entanglement that can be explored by measuring corre ...
May2013050308
... From the calculation it is found that the photon density and output power of the Blue Violet laser increases with the increase of differential gain; on the other hand the carrier density decreases. The output power of the laser increases from 150.54mW to 155.04mW with the increase of differential g ...
... From the calculation it is found that the photon density and output power of the Blue Violet laser increases with the increase of differential gain; on the other hand the carrier density decreases. The output power of the laser increases from 150.54mW to 155.04mW with the increase of differential g ...
Fast Modulation of Terahertz Quantum Cascade
... peaking around 90 V reaching a maximum of ∼8.6% and then starts reducing again. This trend was expected because by changing the working point, the maximum conductivity modulation is reached around 100 V. The differential resistivity of the device is reported in the inset of Figure 5 for clarity and i ...
... peaking around 90 V reaching a maximum of ∼8.6% and then starts reducing again. This trend was expected because by changing the working point, the maximum conductivity modulation is reached around 100 V. The differential resistivity of the device is reported in the inset of Figure 5 for clarity and i ...
Raman Spectroscopy
... near zero, and the intensity of the Raman band will be low. The vibrations of a highly polar moiety, such as the O-H bond, are usually weak. An external electric field can not induce a large change in the dipole moment and stretching or bending the bond does not change this. ...
... near zero, and the intensity of the Raman band will be low. The vibrations of a highly polar moiety, such as the O-H bond, are usually weak. An external electric field can not induce a large change in the dipole moment and stretching or bending the bond does not change this. ...
AFM-IR
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AFM-IR_schematic.png?width=300)
AFM-IR refers to atomic force microscope (AFM) based infrared (IR) spectroscopy. AFM-IR is a technique for chemical analysis of samples at nanoscale spatial resolution. AFM-IR is related to techniques including Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) and scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) and other methods of vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy. The AFM-IR technique uses a sharp tip of an AFM probe to measure the absorption of infrared light by a sample. Recording the amount of IR absorption as a function of wavelength or wavenumber creates nanoscale IR absorption spectra, which can be used to chemically characterize and even identify unknown materials. Recording the IR absorption as a function of position can be used to create chemical composition maps that show the spatial distribution of different chemical components. AFM-IR can overcome the diffraction limit that limits the spatial resolution of conventional infrared microscopy and microspectroscopy to the scale of several microns. AFM-IR can achieve spatial resolution down to around 20 nm, limited in some case only by the sharpness of the AFM probe tip and sensitivity down to the scale of molecular monolayers.