Overview of emerging and detection of arboviral
... Ultimately a history of travel to Escourt, KwaZulu Natal came to light were the patient had contact with horses. Based on the history and the clinical presentation of encephalitis, arboviral disease was suggested as a diagnosis. Blood specimens collected over the course of the patient’s illness were ...
... Ultimately a history of travel to Escourt, KwaZulu Natal came to light were the patient had contact with horses. Based on the history and the clinical presentation of encephalitis, arboviral disease was suggested as a diagnosis. Blood specimens collected over the course of the patient’s illness were ...
Prudent Care of Instruments from an Infection Prevention
... Infection control and prevention must include a cross-infection risk analysis. Symptom-free carriers of infectious diseases cannot always be identified through medical history-taking, physical examination or laboratory tests, and it is practically impossible to identify who is contaminated, colonize ...
... Infection control and prevention must include a cross-infection risk analysis. Symptom-free carriers of infectious diseases cannot always be identified through medical history-taking, physical examination or laboratory tests, and it is practically impossible to identify who is contaminated, colonize ...
VIRUS
... 4 The adsorption of erythrocytes to infected cells, called hemadsorption (paramfluenza, influenza). This reaction becomes positive before cytopathic changes are visible, and in some cases it is the only means of detecting the presence of the virus 5 Interference by a noncytopathogenic virus (eg, rub ...
... 4 The adsorption of erythrocytes to infected cells, called hemadsorption (paramfluenza, influenza). This reaction becomes positive before cytopathic changes are visible, and in some cases it is the only means of detecting the presence of the virus 5 Interference by a noncytopathogenic virus (eg, rub ...
Reading Guide for Week 2
... 1. Be able to talk about Leeuwenhoek’s and Koch’s contribution to understanding the cause of infectious disease. 2. What is a pathogen? 3. What does it mean to be immunocompromised? 4. Be able to describe the 3 types of symbiotic associations: mutualism, commensalism, parasitism. 5. What is the norm ...
... 1. Be able to talk about Leeuwenhoek’s and Koch’s contribution to understanding the cause of infectious disease. 2. What is a pathogen? 3. What does it mean to be immunocompromised? 4. Be able to describe the 3 types of symbiotic associations: mutualism, commensalism, parasitism. 5. What is the norm ...
Dynamics Modeling as a Weapon to Defend Ourselves
... – The CTL effect: 6.4x10-5/day. Shorten the half-life of infected cells from 1.16 days to 0.59 days in average. – The death rate of infected cells due to effects other than CTL is 0.16/day which is 26% of the death rate during the first 5 days – Antibody effect: IgM dominates the clerance of viral p ...
... – The CTL effect: 6.4x10-5/day. Shorten the half-life of infected cells from 1.16 days to 0.59 days in average. – The death rate of infected cells due to effects other than CTL is 0.16/day which is 26% of the death rate during the first 5 days – Antibody effect: IgM dominates the clerance of viral p ...
Biology\Viruses, Bacteria, & Infectious Diseases
... a) Gram-negative bacteria – have a protective (peptoglycan) layer which resists taking on a full stain (stain pink). * HARD to kill with antibiotics. b) Gram positive bacteria – don’t have the protective coating. They take on crystal violet stain (stain purple). Can be killed fairly easily with anti ...
... a) Gram-negative bacteria – have a protective (peptoglycan) layer which resists taking on a full stain (stain pink). * HARD to kill with antibiotics. b) Gram positive bacteria – don’t have the protective coating. They take on crystal violet stain (stain purple). Can be killed fairly easily with anti ...
Vol V No 4 - nc
... Acknowledging the increasing complex factors involved in post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV, the CDC is advising confused clinicians to call for expert consultations before administering the potentially toxic drugs. In addition, the June 29, 2001 edition of the MMWR Recommendations and Reports outlin ...
... Acknowledging the increasing complex factors involved in post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV, the CDC is advising confused clinicians to call for expert consultations before administering the potentially toxic drugs. In addition, the June 29, 2001 edition of the MMWR Recommendations and Reports outlin ...
local lesions in response to bacterial infections
... looking skin lesion develops at the site of entry. This typically painless lesion is known as the and this symptom may persist for months. Any nearby lymph nodes may swell as well. If the bacteria is left untreated, more skin infection lesions may develop shortly after the mother yaw heals. These ...
... looking skin lesion develops at the site of entry. This typically painless lesion is known as the and this symptom may persist for months. Any nearby lymph nodes may swell as well. If the bacteria is left untreated, more skin infection lesions may develop shortly after the mother yaw heals. These ...
infectious diseases
... Infectious diseases are contagious and spread from person to person in numerous ways - via coughing, sneezing, direct contact, or contact with body fluids i.e. vomit, urine, faeces, blood or semen. ...
... Infectious diseases are contagious and spread from person to person in numerous ways - via coughing, sneezing, direct contact, or contact with body fluids i.e. vomit, urine, faeces, blood or semen. ...
External Ear Diseases
... through the middle ear or CSF - common example is SNHL, which follows bacterial meningitis – syphilitic labrynthitis: ...
... through the middle ear or CSF - common example is SNHL, which follows bacterial meningitis – syphilitic labrynthitis: ...
Antibody-mediated Enhancement of Rabies Virus Infection in a
... The precise way in which rabies vaccine confers protection against disease, and the pathogenesis of rabies virus infection are not fully understood. There are occasional failures even when vaccines of established potency have have used. In both monkeys and mice immunized with rabies vaccine and subs ...
... The precise way in which rabies vaccine confers protection against disease, and the pathogenesis of rabies virus infection are not fully understood. There are occasional failures even when vaccines of established potency have have used. In both monkeys and mice immunized with rabies vaccine and subs ...
Mumps leaflet 2016 Dec
... Mumps is a highly contagious viral infection that usually affects children. ...
... Mumps is a highly contagious viral infection that usually affects children. ...
Interactive questions
... The condom prevents direct contact between the penis and vagina and also retains the semen. Viruses and bacteria cannot therefore be transmitted from one partner to the other ...
... The condom prevents direct contact between the penis and vagina and also retains the semen. Viruses and bacteria cannot therefore be transmitted from one partner to the other ...
sexually transmitted diseases
... The condom prevents direct contact between the penis and vagina and also retains the semen. Viruses and bacteria cannot therefore be transmitted from one partner to the other ...
... The condom prevents direct contact between the penis and vagina and also retains the semen. Viruses and bacteria cannot therefore be transmitted from one partner to the other ...
What is MRSA? A Powerpoint Presentation
... • If you have a MRSA infection, be sure to tell any health care provider that you have this infection ...
... • If you have a MRSA infection, be sure to tell any health care provider that you have this infection ...
20111215_yunbi_chemotherapeutic_Drugs_III
... • a norrow-spectrum antifungal drug. • drug resistance occurs rapidly when flucytosine is used alone. • flucytosine is used predominantly in combination with amphotericin B for therapy of crypotococcal meningitis in AIDS patient, etc. ...
... • a norrow-spectrum antifungal drug. • drug resistance occurs rapidly when flucytosine is used alone. • flucytosine is used predominantly in combination with amphotericin B for therapy of crypotococcal meningitis in AIDS patient, etc. ...
Nucleic Acids
... The RNA molecules function both as mRNA for synthesis of viral proteins and as genomes for new virus particles released from the cell New HIV leaving a cell ...
... The RNA molecules function both as mRNA for synthesis of viral proteins and as genomes for new virus particles released from the cell New HIV leaving a cell ...
Lecture 9-14-06
... small c________________ particles (not procaryotes or eucaryotes) are they alive? replication occurs in h_______________ Structure c___________ of nucleic acid (could be double or single stranded, DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat (capsid) main shapes • h_________________ • p_________________ • ...
... small c________________ particles (not procaryotes or eucaryotes) are they alive? replication occurs in h_______________ Structure c___________ of nucleic acid (could be double or single stranded, DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat (capsid) main shapes • h_________________ • p_________________ • ...
Document
... b. Cellular Immunity – killer T-cells destroy infected helper T-cells 3. Discovered b/c some Kenyan sex workers seem naturally immune to transmission despite high exposure.ii – Rowland-Jones a. Linked to HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) 4. How their immunity works: a. CD8+ killers destroy ...
... b. Cellular Immunity – killer T-cells destroy infected helper T-cells 3. Discovered b/c some Kenyan sex workers seem naturally immune to transmission despite high exposure.ii – Rowland-Jones a. Linked to HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) 4. How their immunity works: a. CD8+ killers destroy ...
Ch 19
... The RNA molecules function both as mRNA for synthesis of viral proteins and as genomes for new virus particles released from the cell New HIV leaving a cell ...
... The RNA molecules function both as mRNA for synthesis of viral proteins and as genomes for new virus particles released from the cell New HIV leaving a cell ...
Tips to Help Fight Off Cold and Flu and to Help Recover Faster
... Taking Zinc at a dose of 50-65mg/day has shown ability to enhance recovery Those who consume 1-5 cups of green tea per day tend to have fewer infections. Steep the green tea yourself, drink it hot, and add cinnamon if you like. Avoid processed and bottled green teas. Yes, chicken soup does hel ...
... Taking Zinc at a dose of 50-65mg/day has shown ability to enhance recovery Those who consume 1-5 cups of green tea per day tend to have fewer infections. Steep the green tea yourself, drink it hot, and add cinnamon if you like. Avoid processed and bottled green teas. Yes, chicken soup does hel ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.