pepper (Piper nigrum L.)` Division of Crop Protection Indian Institute
... Lack of a proper detection methods has led widespread distribution of these viruses in black pepper growing regions of the country through infected asymptomatic planting material. Hence, planting of virus-free cuttings is very important to check further spread of the virus. In order to check the vir ...
... Lack of a proper detection methods has led widespread distribution of these viruses in black pepper growing regions of the country through infected asymptomatic planting material. Hence, planting of virus-free cuttings is very important to check further spread of the virus. In order to check the vir ...
What is EIA? Michigan’s Mandatory EIA Testing Requirements
... the more specific agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test, also known as the Coggins test. The AGID test detects antibodies from equine blood against the EIA virus. It is extremely likely that an animal that tests positive on one occasion will do so for the rest of its life. The cELISA test is accepted ...
... the more specific agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test, also known as the Coggins test. The AGID test detects antibodies from equine blood against the EIA virus. It is extremely likely that an animal that tests positive on one occasion will do so for the rest of its life. The cELISA test is accepted ...
Isolation and identification of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus
... samples where it was found in 43.3 percent (13/30), where as almost same has found in 40 percent (12/30) of ocular samples, however a least percentage of presence of PPR antigen was recorded at 36.6 percent (11/30) of nasal discharges. Present findings are not in agreement with the results of Diop e ...
... samples where it was found in 43.3 percent (13/30), where as almost same has found in 40 percent (12/30) of ocular samples, however a least percentage of presence of PPR antigen was recorded at 36.6 percent (11/30) of nasal discharges. Present findings are not in agreement with the results of Diop e ...
Introduction to Virology - cmb
... Nowadays, viruses have really an impact on mankind? The facts: viral diseases exert a shocking toll on the developing world. Over 2.5 million people die each year from AIDS, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. More than 3 billion people are at risk of infection with dengue fever. Rotavirus, a cause ...
... Nowadays, viruses have really an impact on mankind? The facts: viral diseases exert a shocking toll on the developing world. Over 2.5 million people die each year from AIDS, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. More than 3 billion people are at risk of infection with dengue fever. Rotavirus, a cause ...
What is genital herpes - Cecil County Health Department
... take two to four weeks to heal the first time they occur. Typically, another outbreak can appear weeks or months after the first, but it almost always is less severe and shorter than the first outbreak. Although the infection can stay in the body indefinitely, the number of outbreaks tends to decrea ...
... take two to four weeks to heal the first time they occur. Typically, another outbreak can appear weeks or months after the first, but it almost always is less severe and shorter than the first outbreak. Although the infection can stay in the body indefinitely, the number of outbreaks tends to decrea ...
Surgical Infection
... gangrene, and patient with enterocutaneous fistula) it is possible to adapt these dressings to fit difficult anatomy and provide appropriate wound care while reducing frequency of dressing change. it is important to evaluate wound under these dressings if patient demonstrates signs of sepsis wit ...
... gangrene, and patient with enterocutaneous fistula) it is possible to adapt these dressings to fit difficult anatomy and provide appropriate wound care while reducing frequency of dressing change. it is important to evaluate wound under these dressings if patient demonstrates signs of sepsis wit ...
If there are images in this attachment, they will not be displayed
... Incidence: number of new cases over a specific time interval vi. Vector: an organism that does not cause disease itself but spreads infection by transferring pathogens from one host to another vii. Reservoir: a host that is chronically infected with the causative agent of a disease, and can infest o ...
... Incidence: number of new cases over a specific time interval vi. Vector: an organism that does not cause disease itself but spreads infection by transferring pathogens from one host to another vii. Reservoir: a host that is chronically infected with the causative agent of a disease, and can infest o ...
Work Practice Controls
... Welcome to this training presentation on Bloodborne Pathogens. Please use the forward and backward buttons at the bottom of this page to navigate through the training at your own pace. ...
... Welcome to this training presentation on Bloodborne Pathogens. Please use the forward and backward buttons at the bottom of this page to navigate through the training at your own pace. ...
Feline infectious peritonitis - Dr. Brahmbhatt`s Class Handouts
... / clear – yellow and is usually viscous It usually has a relatively low cellular content : that is pyogranulomatous (macrophages and neutrophils; usually no toxic changes in the latter): ...
... / clear – yellow and is usually viscous It usually has a relatively low cellular content : that is pyogranulomatous (macrophages and neutrophils; usually no toxic changes in the latter): ...
epidemiology - Devon County Council
... section only outlines wider stakeholders that may be of relevance during an outbreak of WNV. Devon County Council should use this information as guidance to produce a list of relevant local stakeholders, many of whom will already be known to authorities already. These will generally be businesses an ...
... section only outlines wider stakeholders that may be of relevance during an outbreak of WNV. Devon County Council should use this information as guidance to produce a list of relevant local stakeholders, many of whom will already be known to authorities already. These will generally be businesses an ...
Slide 1
... hadn’t detectable HIV RNA and HIV antibody in age 1424 m. or till now are on follow up with no detectable HIV RNA and seroreversion trend in levels of HIV antibodies. Conclusion Number of twin deliveries from HIV-1 infected mothers increased in Latvia, like in other industrial countries. Recently ve ...
... hadn’t detectable HIV RNA and HIV antibody in age 1424 m. or till now are on follow up with no detectable HIV RNA and seroreversion trend in levels of HIV antibodies. Conclusion Number of twin deliveries from HIV-1 infected mothers increased in Latvia, like in other industrial countries. Recently ve ...
Evolution of virulence - Population Health Sciences
... positively with the extent to which they are water borne [21]. Geographic comparisons also support the idea that the virulence of diarrheal diseases is linked to water-borne transmission; among Shigella, for example, severe strains have been disproportionately common where the potential for waterbor ...
... positively with the extent to which they are water borne [21]. Geographic comparisons also support the idea that the virulence of diarrheal diseases is linked to water-borne transmission; among Shigella, for example, severe strains have been disproportionately common where the potential for waterbor ...
Infection of Human Fetal Cardiac Myocytes by a Human
... culture may select for a subset of myocytes that are refractory to HIV-1 infection. In addition, cultured HFCMs probably represent a subpopulation of cells that may not be reflective of all cardiomyocytes. However, our evaluation of these cells revealed typical responses to b-adrenergic stimulation ...
... culture may select for a subset of myocytes that are refractory to HIV-1 infection. In addition, cultured HFCMs probably represent a subpopulation of cells that may not be reflective of all cardiomyocytes. However, our evaluation of these cells revealed typical responses to b-adrenergic stimulation ...
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Information Packet
... Ebola-Reston appeared in a primate research facility in Virginia, where it may have been transmitted from monkey to monkey through the air. While all Ebola virus species have displayed the ability to be spread through airborne particles (aerosols) under research conditions, this type of spread has n ...
... Ebola-Reston appeared in a primate research facility in Virginia, where it may have been transmitted from monkey to monkey through the air. While all Ebola virus species have displayed the ability to be spread through airborne particles (aerosols) under research conditions, this type of spread has n ...
RSV Epidemiology
... Viral Epidemiology • During any given season a large portion of the population develops an upper or lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), Bronchiolitis • More than half of all children will be infected by their first birthday especially with RSV • By two years of age essentially all children ha ...
... Viral Epidemiology • During any given season a large portion of the population develops an upper or lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), Bronchiolitis • More than half of all children will be infected by their first birthday especially with RSV • By two years of age essentially all children ha ...
Breakthroughs in Chikungunya research from A*STAR spell new
... endemic to Southeast Asia and Africa. Since its re-emergence in 2005, CHIKV infection has spread to nearly 20 countries to infect millions . Singapore, for instance, was hit twice by Chikungunya fever outbreaks in January and August 2008. CHIKV infection is characterised by an abrupt onset of fever ...
... endemic to Southeast Asia and Africa. Since its re-emergence in 2005, CHIKV infection has spread to nearly 20 countries to infect millions . Singapore, for instance, was hit twice by Chikungunya fever outbreaks in January and August 2008. CHIKV infection is characterised by an abrupt onset of fever ...
Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus
... The herpetic whitlow that occurs in medical practitioners and in babies is most often caused by HSV type 1. HSV type 2 is the usual cause of herpetic whitlow in other patients. The abrupt onset of edema, erythema, and localized tenderness of the affected finger is followed by the development of vesi ...
... The herpetic whitlow that occurs in medical practitioners and in babies is most often caused by HSV type 1. HSV type 2 is the usual cause of herpetic whitlow in other patients. The abrupt onset of edema, erythema, and localized tenderness of the affected finger is followed by the development of vesi ...
Penile Gangrene and Multiple Septic Embolism
... • In one study, 18 of 32 cases were treated surgically, predominately targeted at valvular vegetations and poor infection control, such as empyema • Rui Ye et al, Respiratory Medicine (2014) 108, 1e8 ...
... • In one study, 18 of 32 cases were treated surgically, predominately targeted at valvular vegetations and poor infection control, such as empyema • Rui Ye et al, Respiratory Medicine (2014) 108, 1e8 ...
Infection Control - Stony Brook University School of Medicine
... called non-A non-B hepatitis. It is both an acute infection and, if the infection continues for more than six months (as it does in most), a chronic hepatitis. ...
... called non-A non-B hepatitis. It is both an acute infection and, if the infection continues for more than six months (as it does in most), a chronic hepatitis. ...
(*)Keith T. Borg, MD, PhD, FACEP
... Acute respiratory illness Influenza A or B virus Occurs in outbreaks and epidemics worldwide Mainly during winter months Associated with increased morbidity and mortality CDC tracks influenza virus throughout the world • http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/summary.htm ...
... Acute respiratory illness Influenza A or B virus Occurs in outbreaks and epidemics worldwide Mainly during winter months Associated with increased morbidity and mortality CDC tracks influenza virus throughout the world • http://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/summary.htm ...
Andrew Kim 7790-7232 The Effects of FV3 Ranavirus on the
... that infection was found in 83% of his 33 sample ponds. (Hoverman et al. 2011) FV3 is capable of surviving outside of a host in an aquatic environment for extended periods of time and remains virulent during this time. (Blaustein et al. 2012) A bullfrog that is swimming in water contaminated by an ...
... that infection was found in 83% of his 33 sample ponds. (Hoverman et al. 2011) FV3 is capable of surviving outside of a host in an aquatic environment for extended periods of time and remains virulent during this time. (Blaustein et al. 2012) A bullfrog that is swimming in water contaminated by an ...
Infection Control - Stony Brook Medicine
... called non-A non-B hepatitis. It is both an acute infection and, if the infection continues for more than six months (as it does in most), a chronic hepatitis. ...
... called non-A non-B hepatitis. It is both an acute infection and, if the infection continues for more than six months (as it does in most), a chronic hepatitis. ...
Feline herpesvirus infection (2012 edition) What’s new?
... FHV infection typically causes acute upper respiratory and ocular disease, which is particularly severe in young kittens. Viral replication causes the erosion and ulceration of mucosal surfaces, resulting in rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and occasionally corneal ulcerative disease; dendritic ulcers are ...
... FHV infection typically causes acute upper respiratory and ocular disease, which is particularly severe in young kittens. Viral replication causes the erosion and ulceration of mucosal surfaces, resulting in rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and occasionally corneal ulcerative disease; dendritic ulcers are ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.