How does the immune system protect the body against disease?
... Your immune system patrols and protects your body from harmful invaders. If your immune system finds an invader, it takes care of the problem. ...
... Your immune system patrols and protects your body from harmful invaders. If your immune system finds an invader, it takes care of the problem. ...
When To Test When to Treat
... at least one of the following that is new or increased □ Urgency □ Frequency □ Suprapubic pain □ Gross hematuria □ Costovertebral angle tenderness □ Urinary incontinence □ Change in mental status* □ Rigors (shaking chills)* If accompanied only by fever, rule out other causes *CID 2012;54:973-978 BMJ ...
... at least one of the following that is new or increased □ Urgency □ Frequency □ Suprapubic pain □ Gross hematuria □ Costovertebral angle tenderness □ Urinary incontinence □ Change in mental status* □ Rigors (shaking chills)* If accompanied only by fever, rule out other causes *CID 2012;54:973-978 BMJ ...
I. Introduction to class
... Acute, usually fatal infection of brain and spinal cord of mammals. Depression, headache, fever, malaise, hydrophobia (fear of water), salivation, convulsions, paralysis, and death by respiratory failure. Furious rabies: Excitability and biting (80% of cases). Paralytic rabies: Minimal excitabil ...
... Acute, usually fatal infection of brain and spinal cord of mammals. Depression, headache, fever, malaise, hydrophobia (fear of water), salivation, convulsions, paralysis, and death by respiratory failure. Furious rabies: Excitability and biting (80% of cases). Paralytic rabies: Minimal excitabil ...
Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Control Plan
... Hepatitis C Virus O Symptoms of chronic Hepatitis C can take up to 30 years ...
... Hepatitis C Virus O Symptoms of chronic Hepatitis C can take up to 30 years ...
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
... has a profuse watery nasal discharge becoming thicker and darker as the infection progresses, and stands with its head and neck extended. Depression, higher body temperature (104 to 108 degrees F) and decreased appetite accompany the respiratory signs. As the infection progresses, the animal’s nostr ...
... has a profuse watery nasal discharge becoming thicker and darker as the infection progresses, and stands with its head and neck extended. Depression, higher body temperature (104 to 108 degrees F) and decreased appetite accompany the respiratory signs. As the infection progresses, the animal’s nostr ...
BOVINE THEILERIOSIS
... T.parva, 15 to 25 days for T.annulata and occasionally for T.taurotragi. In the rare event of benign Theileria causing disease, incubation varies between 3 to 5 weeks from the time of attachment of the ticks. Clinical symptoms T.parva and T.annulata: mostly subclinical in buffalo but very pathogenic ...
... T.parva, 15 to 25 days for T.annulata and occasionally for T.taurotragi. In the rare event of benign Theileria causing disease, incubation varies between 3 to 5 weeks from the time of attachment of the ticks. Clinical symptoms T.parva and T.annulata: mostly subclinical in buffalo but very pathogenic ...
Causes and Spread of Infection – Unit Information
... Viruses target specific cells in the body, such as those in the genitals or upper respiratory tract. Some target certain age groups, such as babies or young children, such as those that cause croup. The rabies virus targets the cells in the host's nervous system. Viruses may target skin cells and ca ...
... Viruses target specific cells in the body, such as those in the genitals or upper respiratory tract. Some target certain age groups, such as babies or young children, such as those that cause croup. The rabies virus targets the cells in the host's nervous system. Viruses may target skin cells and ca ...
OME (otitis media with effusion)
... -many symptoms = generally viral spread in the whole URT -if cough = viral infection -(CBC finding) = lymphocytosis (or lymphopenia) (lab tests to differentiate viral and bacterial infection): (1) rapid streptococcal antigen test = group A beta-hemolytic (GABHS) (2) bacterial / viral cultures (3) se ...
... -many symptoms = generally viral spread in the whole URT -if cough = viral infection -(CBC finding) = lymphocytosis (or lymphopenia) (lab tests to differentiate viral and bacterial infection): (1) rapid streptococcal antigen test = group A beta-hemolytic (GABHS) (2) bacterial / viral cultures (3) se ...
Tuberculosis * Old Disease, New Disease
... domesticated animals ~15,000 years ago • Endemic in humans when stable networks of 200-440 people established (villages) ~ 10,000 years ago; Epidemic in Europe after 1600 (cities) • 354-322 BC - Aristotle – “When one comes near consumptives… one does contract their disease… The reason is that the br ...
... domesticated animals ~15,000 years ago • Endemic in humans when stable networks of 200-440 people established (villages) ~ 10,000 years ago; Epidemic in Europe after 1600 (cities) • 354-322 BC - Aristotle – “When one comes near consumptives… one does contract their disease… The reason is that the br ...
bloodborne pathogens - Summit County Public Health
... “Standard Precautions” - All human blood, any body fluid containing blood, or any other body fluid should be treated as if they are known to be infectious. In other words, treat all used needles or other sharp instruments, soiled tissues, bandages and open wounds as potentially hazardous. Many indiv ...
... “Standard Precautions” - All human blood, any body fluid containing blood, or any other body fluid should be treated as if they are known to be infectious. In other words, treat all used needles or other sharp instruments, soiled tissues, bandages and open wounds as potentially hazardous. Many indiv ...
Gastrointestinal Tract
... diseases. Periods of remission and exacerbation. May be passing 20-30 stools a day. Ulcers form on the lining of the intestine that may bleed leading to anemia. Can be a slow bleed or severe hemorrhage. Nutritional and Vitamin deficiencies Colonoscopy with biopsy, stool specimens, history and physic ...
... diseases. Periods of remission and exacerbation. May be passing 20-30 stools a day. Ulcers form on the lining of the intestine that may bleed leading to anemia. Can be a slow bleed or severe hemorrhage. Nutritional and Vitamin deficiencies Colonoscopy with biopsy, stool specimens, history and physic ...
Powerpoint
... According to CDC, hand washing is most important thing you can do to prevent infectious diseases America has received a “C” for hand ...
... According to CDC, hand washing is most important thing you can do to prevent infectious diseases America has received a “C” for hand ...
Infection Control Guide - Neighbourhood Houses Tasmania
... Better Health Channel Fact Sheet – Workplace Issues – Infection Control ...
... Better Health Channel Fact Sheet – Workplace Issues – Infection Control ...
The A,B,Cs of Hepatitis
... ost persons with acute disease recover with no lasting liver damage; acute illness is rarely fatal • 1 5%–25% of chronically infected persons develop chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer • 1 ,800 persons in the United States die with HBVrelated liver disease ...
... ost persons with acute disease recover with no lasting liver damage; acute illness is rarely fatal • 1 5%–25% of chronically infected persons develop chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer • 1 ,800 persons in the United States die with HBVrelated liver disease ...
guidelines-doc
... LTC environment from the Infectious Diseases Society of America are presented. These provide a rational approach to the evaluation of potentially infected residents and assist primary providers, consultants, and other health care staff to recognize infection, initiate treatment sooner, and improve o ...
... LTC environment from the Infectious Diseases Society of America are presented. These provide a rational approach to the evaluation of potentially infected residents and assist primary providers, consultants, and other health care staff to recognize infection, initiate treatment sooner, and improve o ...
Chain of Infectious Diseases
... • Viruses are pieces of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat. • Alone they are INACTIVE. • They need living cells to reproduce. • After a virus penetrates a cell, called the host cell, the virus takes control of the cell to manufacture more viruses. ...
... • Viruses are pieces of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat. • Alone they are INACTIVE. • They need living cells to reproduce. • After a virus penetrates a cell, called the host cell, the virus takes control of the cell to manufacture more viruses. ...
investigations in uveitis
... • Hence, it is considered to be relatively specific for SLE and the American Rheumatoid Arthritis Association considers it a criterion in the diagnosis of this disease. • The normal reference range is 0.00-0.05 IU/ml or 70-200 units. • They may also be useful in monitoring disease activity in these ...
... • Hence, it is considered to be relatively specific for SLE and the American Rheumatoid Arthritis Association considers it a criterion in the diagnosis of this disease. • The normal reference range is 0.00-0.05 IU/ml or 70-200 units. • They may also be useful in monitoring disease activity in these ...
Pathogenicity and virulence
... • Exotoxins : Exotoxins are soluble heat-labile proteins that are released as the bacteria grow – Examples: i. Neurotoxin – Botulinum toxin – ii. Cytotoxin – Haemolysin – iii. Enterotoxin – Cholera toxin ...
... • Exotoxins : Exotoxins are soluble heat-labile proteins that are released as the bacteria grow – Examples: i. Neurotoxin – Botulinum toxin – ii. Cytotoxin – Haemolysin – iii. Enterotoxin – Cholera toxin ...
Nestling disease in Budgerigars and its connection with the problem of
... do not usually fall ill, they harbour and excrete the virus. The virus grows in epithelial cells (these are the cells that form the actual surface of the skin and mucous membranes as well as the kidney tubules). This means that the virus may be transmitted to the chicken with the contents of the bre ...
... do not usually fall ill, they harbour and excrete the virus. The virus grows in epithelial cells (these are the cells that form the actual surface of the skin and mucous membranes as well as the kidney tubules). This means that the virus may be transmitted to the chicken with the contents of the bre ...
The Four Main Ways Germs Invade
... Cold and flu viruses are breathed in and may infect the lungs. ...
... Cold and flu viruses are breathed in and may infect the lungs. ...
PrP sc
... Sequence differences between PrP from different species may provide (and explain?) some barrier to infection - but incomplete. E.g. Mouse mouse transfer gives more rapid infection than mouse hamster etc. But, mouse hamster hamster gives faster infection, Homologous PrPSc is better at convert ...
... Sequence differences between PrP from different species may provide (and explain?) some barrier to infection - but incomplete. E.g. Mouse mouse transfer gives more rapid infection than mouse hamster etc. But, mouse hamster hamster gives faster infection, Homologous PrPSc is better at convert ...
Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, snail fever, and Katayama fever, is a disease caused by parasitic worms of the Schistosoma type. It may infect the urinary tract or the intestines. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. In those who have been infected for a long time, liver damage, kidney failure, infertility, or bladder cancer may occur. In children it may cause poor growth and learning difficulty.The disease is spread by contact with water contaminated with the parasites. These parasites are released from infected freshwater snails. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries as they are more likely to play in contaminated water. Other high risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water for their daily chores. It belongs to the group of helminth infections. Diagnosis is by finding the eggs of the parasite in a person's urine or stool. It can also be confirmed by finding antibodies against the disease in the blood.Methods to prevent the disease include improving access to clean water and reducing the number of snails. In areas where the disease is common entire groups may be treated all at once and yearly with the medication praziquantel. This is done to decrease the number of people infected and therefore decrease the spread of the disease. Praziquantel is also the treatment recommended by the World Health Organization for those who are known to be infected.Schistosomiasis affects almost 210 million people worldwide, and an estimated 12,000 to 200,000 people die from it a year. The disease is most commonly found in Africa, as well as Asia and South America. Around 700 million people, in more than 70 countries, live in areas where the disease is common. Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria, as a parasitic disease with the greatest economic impact. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease.