smallpox
... Historically, smallpox has been divided into variola major and variola minor based on severity of clinical disease. Variola major was more common and caused more severe disease relative to variola minor. The case mortality was 15 to 45% for variola major and 1% for variola minor. The infectious dose ...
... Historically, smallpox has been divided into variola major and variola minor based on severity of clinical disease. Variola major was more common and caused more severe disease relative to variola minor. The case mortality was 15 to 45% for variola major and 1% for variola minor. The infectious dose ...
39. Diseases of Poor Hygiene and Environmental Health: Trachoma
... 39.1 Trachoma – the ‘quiet blindness’ Trachoma is an infectious eye disease that can eventually cause blindness if left untreated. Infection of the eyes with the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis usually occurs in childhood, but infected people generally do not develop severe sight problems until adul ...
... 39.1 Trachoma – the ‘quiet blindness’ Trachoma is an infectious eye disease that can eventually cause blindness if left untreated. Infection of the eyes with the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis usually occurs in childhood, but infected people generally do not develop severe sight problems until adul ...
Feline Spongiform Encephalopathy - The Center for Food Security
... FSE is a member of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a group of neurodegenerative disorders caused by unconventional disease agents. These agents are resistant to the treatments that ordinarily destroy bacteria, spores, viruses and fungi. They are generally thought to be prions, ...
... FSE is a member of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a group of neurodegenerative disorders caused by unconventional disease agents. These agents are resistant to the treatments that ordinarily destroy bacteria, spores, viruses and fungi. They are generally thought to be prions, ...
Virus demyelination
... 1977). The disease has an insidious onset with behavioral changes, mental deterioration, myoclonus, ataxia, and sometimes seizures and visual disturbances. Progress is variable, remissions may occur, but death usually results within 1 to 3 years. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have high or very ...
... 1977). The disease has an insidious onset with behavioral changes, mental deterioration, myoclonus, ataxia, and sometimes seizures and visual disturbances. Progress is variable, remissions may occur, but death usually results within 1 to 3 years. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have high or very ...
penicillin V potassium tablets, USP
... of the immediate treatment, and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by penicillin V potassium or other antibacterial drugs in the future. Diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibiotics which usually ends when the antibiotic is discontinued. ...
... of the immediate treatment, and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by penicillin V potassium or other antibacterial drugs in the future. Diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibiotics which usually ends when the antibiotic is discontinued. ...
this PDF file
... Bubonic plague is a zoonotic disease circulating mainly among small rodents and their fleas, [1] and is one of the three types of infections caused by Yersinia pestis (formerly known as Pasteurella pestis) which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Without treatment, the bubonic plague kills up ...
... Bubonic plague is a zoonotic disease circulating mainly among small rodents and their fleas, [1] and is one of the three types of infections caused by Yersinia pestis (formerly known as Pasteurella pestis) which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. Without treatment, the bubonic plague kills up ...
Feco-orally transmitted viral hepatitis in a tertiary care hospital in
... HEV is widespread due to problems associated with increased size of population, population migration, poor sanitation and poor standards of living leading to increased susceptibilities to infection. Epidemics and point source outbreaks are common in rainy season when flooding leads to sewage contami ...
... HEV is widespread due to problems associated with increased size of population, population migration, poor sanitation and poor standards of living leading to increased susceptibilities to infection. Epidemics and point source outbreaks are common in rainy season when flooding leads to sewage contami ...
Interpretation and Use of Laboratory Culture Results
... Mycoplasma spp. are contagious organisms that may be found in infected udders, respiratory tracts, and urogenital tracts of apparently healthy animals. This disease is frequently brought onto a farm through the purchase of infected milking cows or heifers. Mycoplasma species are transmitted from cow ...
... Mycoplasma spp. are contagious organisms that may be found in infected udders, respiratory tracts, and urogenital tracts of apparently healthy animals. This disease is frequently brought onto a farm through the purchase of infected milking cows or heifers. Mycoplasma species are transmitted from cow ...
3.3: Neglected infections, real harms: A global scoping of injection
... The author would like to thank Robin Pollini, Jenny Scott, Jamie Bridge and Robyn Dwyer for their review of and input into this chapter. ...
... The author would like to thank Robin Pollini, Jenny Scott, Jamie Bridge and Robyn Dwyer for their review of and input into this chapter. ...
Antibiotics Currently in Clinical Development
... in citations iv or v below. “Yes” in this category means that the antibiotic has potential activity against at least one Gram-negative organism. Examples include the pathogen that causes gonorrhea, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classified as an urgent pu ...
... in citations iv or v below. “Yes” in this category means that the antibiotic has potential activity against at least one Gram-negative organism. Examples include the pathogen that causes gonorrhea, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classified as an urgent pu ...
Feline calicivirus infection - Advisory Board on Cat Diseases
... kittens. Vaccination did not protect cats against field infections (Hurley and Sykes, 2003), although experimentally, some protection has been shown (Pedersen et al., 2000; Brunet et al., 2005). It is unknown whether this is due to inherent characteristics of hypervirulent strains or simply that vacc ...
... kittens. Vaccination did not protect cats against field infections (Hurley and Sykes, 2003), although experimentally, some protection has been shown (Pedersen et al., 2000; Brunet et al., 2005). It is unknown whether this is due to inherent characteristics of hypervirulent strains or simply that vacc ...
HCV Virology Simplified. S Uprichard, PhD
... Susan L. Uprichard, PhD Director of Hepatology Research Loyola University Medical Center Department of Medicine Section of Hepatology ...
... Susan L. Uprichard, PhD Director of Hepatology Research Loyola University Medical Center Department of Medicine Section of Hepatology ...
Urinary Catheter protocol - University of Colorado Denver
... • We had over 300 catheter associated UTIs last year, and the rate has not improved • UTI’s cause 36% of hospital-acquired infections at Mission • Cost is $3500 per catheter-associated UTI. Mission does not get reimbursed for this. • We can reduce this number and cost ...
... • We had over 300 catheter associated UTIs last year, and the rate has not improved • UTI’s cause 36% of hospital-acquired infections at Mission • Cost is $3500 per catheter-associated UTI. Mission does not get reimbursed for this. • We can reduce this number and cost ...
another threat on the
... who had recently returned from endemic region in South America [6–8]. Until now, there are no confirmed cases of ZIKV transmission through blood transfusion. A potential risk is suspected based on positive tests for ZIKV in 42 blood donors studied during the Zika outbreak in French Polynesia at the ...
... who had recently returned from endemic region in South America [6–8]. Until now, there are no confirmed cases of ZIKV transmission through blood transfusion. A potential risk is suspected based on positive tests for ZIKV in 42 blood donors studied during the Zika outbreak in French Polynesia at the ...
THE EVOLUTION OF MIMICRY IN PARASITES Amy Hurford
... in the lymphoid tissue, which includes the process of clonal deletion, and 2) peripheral tolerance: the suppression of self-reactive lymphocytes in the blood and lymph. Lymphocytes are the cells of the immune system that respond to specific types of antigens, where ‘antigen’ and ‘epitope’ refers to ...
... in the lymphoid tissue, which includes the process of clonal deletion, and 2) peripheral tolerance: the suppression of self-reactive lymphocytes in the blood and lymph. Lymphocytes are the cells of the immune system that respond to specific types of antigens, where ‘antigen’ and ‘epitope’ refers to ...
Management of SSTI Guide - Tacoma
... Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are resistant to ß-lactam antibiotics, including penicillinase-resistant penicillins (methicillin, oxacillin, nafcillin) and cephalosporins. MRSA have been long recognized as pathogens among hospitalized patients and persons with certain healthcare-associated r ...
... Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are resistant to ß-lactam antibiotics, including penicillinase-resistant penicillins (methicillin, oxacillin, nafcillin) and cephalosporins. MRSA have been long recognized as pathogens among hospitalized patients and persons with certain healthcare-associated r ...
Medical Veterinary Entomology
... of immune tolerance on the part of the host in order to avoid self-damage, whereas the absence of larvae in a heavily symptomatic host probably implies that the larvae abandoned the host a few days before the necropsy examination (Jacquiet et al., 2005). However, these contradictory findings suggest ...
... of immune tolerance on the part of the host in order to avoid self-damage, whereas the absence of larvae in a heavily symptomatic host probably implies that the larvae abandoned the host a few days before the necropsy examination (Jacquiet et al., 2005). However, these contradictory findings suggest ...
Genetic Association Analysis of Paratuberculosis Forms in Holstein
... represent forms of resistance that could prevent animals from developing more severe forms. In turn, “patent” infections, corresponding to multifocal and diffuse types of enteritis [22, 27] where there are an increased antibody production, substantial mycobacterial load, and high MAP viability rate, ...
... represent forms of resistance that could prevent animals from developing more severe forms. In turn, “patent” infections, corresponding to multifocal and diffuse types of enteritis [22, 27] where there are an increased antibody production, substantial mycobacterial load, and high MAP viability rate, ...
Antibiotic efficacy in eliminating leptospiruria in California sea lions
... chemistry analyses were performed within 24 h. The remaining serum was divided into aliquots and frozen at -80° C until serum microscopic agglutination testing (MAT) could be performed. Banked aliquots for MAT from this first sample were available for all but one animal. For this animal, the first s ...
... chemistry analyses were performed within 24 h. The remaining serum was divided into aliquots and frozen at -80° C until serum microscopic agglutination testing (MAT) could be performed. Banked aliquots for MAT from this first sample were available for all but one animal. For this animal, the first s ...
Protecting public health :: SA Health
... infection. Skin penetration procedures involve the penetration of these barriers thereby increasing the risk of infection. Infection can occur if equipment is contaminated, from direct person-to-person contact with blood or other body substances, or while the site is healing. The use of infection co ...
... infection. Skin penetration procedures involve the penetration of these barriers thereby increasing the risk of infection. Infection can occur if equipment is contaminated, from direct person-to-person contact with blood or other body substances, or while the site is healing. The use of infection co ...
Skin penetration guidelines
... infection. Skin penetration procedures involve the penetration of these barriers thereby increasing the risk of infection. Infection can occur if equipment is contaminated, from direct person-to-person contact with blood or other body substances, or while the site is healing. The use of infection co ...
... infection. Skin penetration procedures involve the penetration of these barriers thereby increasing the risk of infection. Infection can occur if equipment is contaminated, from direct person-to-person contact with blood or other body substances, or while the site is healing. The use of infection co ...
Presentation on Ebola
... (capital Conakry, not Guinea-Bissau or equatorial Guinea), Liberia and Sierra Leone. Two other West African countries with case(s), Senegal and Nigeria, have controlled the spread and are not now included in the list of risk countries, but a further imported case has now been reported in Mali with s ...
... (capital Conakry, not Guinea-Bissau or equatorial Guinea), Liberia and Sierra Leone. Two other West African countries with case(s), Senegal and Nigeria, have controlled the spread and are not now included in the list of risk countries, but a further imported case has now been reported in Mali with s ...
Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, snail fever, and Katayama fever, is a disease caused by parasitic worms of the Schistosoma type. It may infect the urinary tract or the intestines. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. In those who have been infected for a long time, liver damage, kidney failure, infertility, or bladder cancer may occur. In children it may cause poor growth and learning difficulty.The disease is spread by contact with water contaminated with the parasites. These parasites are released from infected freshwater snails. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries as they are more likely to play in contaminated water. Other high risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water for their daily chores. It belongs to the group of helminth infections. Diagnosis is by finding the eggs of the parasite in a person's urine or stool. It can also be confirmed by finding antibodies against the disease in the blood.Methods to prevent the disease include improving access to clean water and reducing the number of snails. In areas where the disease is common entire groups may be treated all at once and yearly with the medication praziquantel. This is done to decrease the number of people infected and therefore decrease the spread of the disease. Praziquantel is also the treatment recommended by the World Health Organization for those who are known to be infected.Schistosomiasis affects almost 210 million people worldwide, and an estimated 12,000 to 200,000 people die from it a year. The disease is most commonly found in Africa, as well as Asia and South America. Around 700 million people, in more than 70 countries, live in areas where the disease is common. Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria, as a parasitic disease with the greatest economic impact. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease.