Primate Seed Dispersal
... Other primates consistently prey upon seeds (App. 31.1) as ingested seeds do not appear in feces or are fragmented. These include black and white colobus (Colobus guereza, Poulsen et al. 2001), saki monkeys (Pithecia pithecia and Chiropotes satanas, Kinzey and Norconk 1993), and red leaf monkeys (Pr ...
... Other primates consistently prey upon seeds (App. 31.1) as ingested seeds do not appear in feces or are fragmented. These include black and white colobus (Colobus guereza, Poulsen et al. 2001), saki monkeys (Pithecia pithecia and Chiropotes satanas, Kinzey and Norconk 1993), and red leaf monkeys (Pr ...
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... germination occurs when seeds germinate from a deep depth and seedlings exhaust their seed reserves and die before reaching the soil surface. Many weed seeds such as Kochiascoparia (L.) can sense their depth of burial to limit lethal germination. Seed desiccation is also another important mechanism ...
... germination occurs when seeds germinate from a deep depth and seedlings exhaust their seed reserves and die before reaching the soil surface. Many weed seeds such as Kochiascoparia (L.) can sense their depth of burial to limit lethal germination. Seed desiccation is also another important mechanism ...
A study of secondary seed predation and dispersal in Bornean Peat
... Within the forest there are many primary dispersers: gibbons and hornbills are considered some of the most important, others include tree shrews, pigs, deer, rodents, orang-utans and macaques (Corlett 1998). Orangutans are known to act as significant seed dispersers, with a large range, and being n ...
... Within the forest there are many primary dispersers: gibbons and hornbills are considered some of the most important, others include tree shrews, pigs, deer, rodents, orang-utans and macaques (Corlett 1998). Orangutans are known to act as significant seed dispersers, with a large range, and being n ...
Seed selection by earthworms: chemical seed properties
... The impact of earthworms on plants through the modification of soil properties has been shown extensively (van Groenigen et al. 2014). Earthworm impacts on plant communities through the ingestion of seeds and consequences for seed survival are, however, less well studied, although they have been sho ...
... The impact of earthworms on plants through the modification of soil properties has been shown extensively (van Groenigen et al. 2014). Earthworm impacts on plant communities through the ingestion of seeds and consequences for seed survival are, however, less well studied, although they have been sho ...
Stay below water! - A Strategy to avoid Seed Predators
... Gomes et al. (2006) studied germination of the neotropical palm Genoma brevispatha in the laboratory. This species is restricted to swampy areas along stream edges, riparian forests or wet lowland rain forest. Interestingly, germination did not differ between seeds put on moist filter paper, semi-im ...
... Gomes et al. (2006) studied germination of the neotropical palm Genoma brevispatha in the laboratory. This species is restricted to swampy areas along stream edges, riparian forests or wet lowland rain forest. Interestingly, germination did not differ between seeds put on moist filter paper, semi-im ...
Costs of two non-mutualistic species in a yucca/yucca moth mutualism
... mutualism between Y. schottii and T. yuccasella, since P. pollenifera was largely absent from our site during the two years of this study (Z. Forsman, Y. Ziv, and J. Bronstein, personal observations). The pollination behavior of Tegeticula yuccasella on Y. schottii has been described by Powell (1984 ...
... mutualism between Y. schottii and T. yuccasella, since P. pollenifera was largely absent from our site during the two years of this study (Z. Forsman, Y. Ziv, and J. Bronstein, personal observations). The pollination behavior of Tegeticula yuccasella on Y. schottii has been described by Powell (1984 ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... may be caused either by insects directly infesting the reproductive structures (flowers, fruits and seeds) or by insects attacking other parts of the tree, e.g. defoliators, which cause exhaustion of nutrient reserves, which in turn may diminish nutrient allocation for seed production (Koerber 1989) ...
... may be caused either by insects directly infesting the reproductive structures (flowers, fruits and seeds) or by insects attacking other parts of the tree, e.g. defoliators, which cause exhaustion of nutrient reserves, which in turn may diminish nutrient allocation for seed production (Koerber 1989) ...
Competition Among Insects, Birds and Mammals for Conifer Steeds
... 1958). People concerned with the lumber industry are interested in how many seeds escape predation to allow reforestation of logged or burned areas. Questions of general biological interest that do not relate directly to reforestation may go unasked even though pertinent information is available. In ...
... 1958). People concerned with the lumber industry are interested in how many seeds escape predation to allow reforestation of logged or burned areas. Questions of general biological interest that do not relate directly to reforestation may go unasked even though pertinent information is available. In ...
Seed Dispersal and Frugivory in Tropical Ecosystems
... seeds from this fruit in a particular area. In addition to factors that affect frugivore choice that determine if a fruit is consumed or not, once the fruit is swallowed a series of factors affect primary seed dispersal and the ultimate fate of the consumed seeds. These factors include body size, di ...
... seeds from this fruit in a particular area. In addition to factors that affect frugivore choice that determine if a fruit is consumed or not, once the fruit is swallowed a series of factors affect primary seed dispersal and the ultimate fate of the consumed seeds. These factors include body size, di ...
Seed Burial in the Seagrass Zostera marina: The Role of Infauna
... predators (Renard, 20IO). Earthworms (terrestrial oligochaetes) represent a very important group (Darwin, I837) responsible for burying seeds. Lumbricus terrestris L. has been shown to bury Ambrosia trifida L. seeds eight times more quickly than abiotic processes (Regnier, 2008). Anecic worms pull p ...
... predators (Renard, 20IO). Earthworms (terrestrial oligochaetes) represent a very important group (Darwin, I837) responsible for burying seeds. Lumbricus terrestris L. has been shown to bury Ambrosia trifida L. seeds eight times more quickly than abiotic processes (Regnier, 2008). Anecic worms pull p ...
Factors affecting the relationship between seed removal and seed
... Abstract: S.B. Vander Wall et al. (Ecology, 86: 801–806 (2005)) criticized seed dispersal studies that use seed removal as a proxy for seed predation, because secondary dispersal processes following removal are important to seed fates for many plants. We compared seed removal rates with direct estim ...
... Abstract: S.B. Vander Wall et al. (Ecology, 86: 801–806 (2005)) criticized seed dispersal studies that use seed removal as a proxy for seed predation, because secondary dispersal processes following removal are important to seed fates for many plants. We compared seed removal rates with direct estim ...
Seed mass, shape, and persistence in the soil seed bank of Israeli
... transient and persistent types (Thompson and Grime, 1979). A soil seed bank is considered to be persistent when the dispersed seeds remain viable for more than one year. As a property of a species, persistence refers to the ability of that species to survive in the soil seed bank. Seed persistence h ...
... transient and persistent types (Thompson and Grime, 1979). A soil seed bank is considered to be persistent when the dispersed seeds remain viable for more than one year. As a property of a species, persistence refers to the ability of that species to survive in the soil seed bank. Seed persistence h ...
51 papers with abstracts
... National Park (NNP), Rwanda, for a total of three years from January 1998 through May 2000 and May 2006 through March 2007. Relatively few studies have examined chimpanzee seed dispersal in montane communities where there are generally fewer fruiting tree species than in lowland forests. Such studie ...
... National Park (NNP), Rwanda, for a total of three years from January 1998 through May 2000 and May 2006 through March 2007. Relatively few studies have examined chimpanzee seed dispersal in montane communities where there are generally fewer fruiting tree species than in lowland forests. Such studie ...
Coevolution of Cycads and Dinosaurs
... C) sauropod shown with Dioon spinulosum. Dinosaur sketches adapted from reconstructions by Farlow and Brett-Surman (1997). ...
... C) sauropod shown with Dioon spinulosum. Dinosaur sketches adapted from reconstructions by Farlow and Brett-Surman (1997). ...
Protection by association: evidence for aposematic commensalism
... the remaining seeds were counted and recorded. To ensure that missing seeds could be considered to be eaten and not just displaced, searching continued for 5 min after the last seed had been found. Seeds recovered were also examined to see if they had been ‘discreetly’ eaten (where the kernel had be ...
... the remaining seeds were counted and recorded. To ensure that missing seeds could be considered to be eaten and not just displaced, searching continued for 5 min after the last seed had been found. Seeds recovered were also examined to see if they had been ‘discreetly’ eaten (where the kernel had be ...
Can forest fragmentation disrupt a conditional mutualism? A case
... recruitment of large-seeded trees a priority in tropical forest conservation. In Neotropical forests, two genera of scatter-hoarding rodents (agoutis, Dasyprocta sp., and acouchies, Myoprocta sp.) play important roles in dispersal and predation of seeds larger than 1 g (see Jorge 2007, p. 37). Scatt ...
... recruitment of large-seeded trees a priority in tropical forest conservation. In Neotropical forests, two genera of scatter-hoarding rodents (agoutis, Dasyprocta sp., and acouchies, Myoprocta sp.) play important roles in dispersal and predation of seeds larger than 1 g (see Jorge 2007, p. 37). Scatt ...
Fat but slim: Criteria of seed attractiveness for earthworms
... Since Darwin (1881) shed light on the diet preferences of Lumbricids, recent studies have shown that earthworms are actually seed predators themselves, using seeds and seedlings as part of their food sources (Shumway and Koide 1994; Eisenhauer et al. 2009, 2010). These findings imply a deeper impact ...
... Since Darwin (1881) shed light on the diet preferences of Lumbricids, recent studies have shown that earthworms are actually seed predators themselves, using seeds and seedlings as part of their food sources (Shumway and Koide 1994; Eisenhauer et al. 2009, 2010). These findings imply a deeper impact ...
Importance of fragmentation-tolerant species as seed
... particular flag f (varies from 1 to 4), dt,b is the estimate of detectability for a given tag type t that was buried (b = 1) or unburied (b = 0), and lr = 1.5 for seeds found 30–50 m from their sources, 3 for seeds found >50 m from their sources or 1 otherwise. Details and further justification for ...
... particular flag f (varies from 1 to 4), dt,b is the estimate of detectability for a given tag type t that was buried (b = 1) or unburied (b = 0), and lr = 1.5 for seeds found 30–50 m from their sources, 3 for seeds found >50 m from their sources or 1 otherwise. Details and further justification for ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... white and soft, and comprises ca 3 − 15% of the total diaspore fresh mass. Fruit maturation and seed shedding take place in June − July. Ants (mostly of the genera Lasius , Formica , Camponotus or Aphaenogaster, Garrido et al. 2002) are attracted by the elaiosome, and remove the diaspore once it has ...
... white and soft, and comprises ca 3 − 15% of the total diaspore fresh mass. Fruit maturation and seed shedding take place in June − July. Ants (mostly of the genera Lasius , Formica , Camponotus or Aphaenogaster, Garrido et al. 2002) are attracted by the elaiosome, and remove the diaspore once it has ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... white and soft, and comprises ca 3 /15% of the total diaspore fresh mass. Fruit maturation and seed shedding take place in June /July. Ants (mostly of the genera Lasius, Formica , Camponotus or Aphaenogaster, Garrido et al. 2002) are attracted by the elaiosome, and remove the diaspore once it has ...
... white and soft, and comprises ca 3 /15% of the total diaspore fresh mass. Fruit maturation and seed shedding take place in June /July. Ants (mostly of the genera Lasius, Formica , Camponotus or Aphaenogaster, Garrido et al. 2002) are attracted by the elaiosome, and remove the diaspore once it has ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... white and soft, and comprises ca 3 /15% of the total diaspore fresh mass. Fruit maturation and seed shedding take place in June /July. Ants (mostly of the genera Lasius, Formica , Camponotus or Aphaenogaster, Garrido et al. 2002) are attracted by the elaiosome, and remove the diaspore once it has ...
... white and soft, and comprises ca 3 /15% of the total diaspore fresh mass. Fruit maturation and seed shedding take place in June /July. Ants (mostly of the genera Lasius, Formica , Camponotus or Aphaenogaster, Garrido et al. 2002) are attracted by the elaiosome, and remove the diaspore once it has ...
Chloroleucon chacӧense (Leguminosae): A Study on Morphometry
... of seedlings evolves quickly. All the seeds germinated after 48 hours. It can be concluded that the peak of imbibitions without scarification is reached after 24 h since the sown was made. Many seeds germinated after 24 hours and during the lapse of 24 - 48 h. ...
... of seedlings evolves quickly. All the seeds germinated after 48 hours. It can be concluded that the peak of imbibitions without scarification is reached after 24 h since the sown was made. Many seeds germinated after 24 hours and during the lapse of 24 - 48 h. ...
Dispersal vacuum in the seedling recruitment of a primate
... many large-seeded plants, leading to concerns that primate-dispersed trees will succumb to large-scale recruitment failure wherever they co-occur with overhunting. We used a field experiment in a remote, nonhunted region of the western Brazilian Amazon to test how the seedling recruitment success of ...
... many large-seeded plants, leading to concerns that primate-dispersed trees will succumb to large-scale recruitment failure wherever they co-occur with overhunting. We used a field experiment in a remote, nonhunted region of the western Brazilian Amazon to test how the seedling recruitment success of ...
`Pre-dispersal losses and dispersal of seeds in the Desert Biome
... Another challenge that the seed faces is the actual predation process, where risks such as crushing by the teeth of the predator are present. Some fruits such as strawberries contain multiple hard seeds of which only some are crushed and others pass through the digestive system unharmed. Other plant ...
... Another challenge that the seed faces is the actual predation process, where risks such as crushing by the teeth of the predator are present. Some fruits such as strawberries contain multiple hard seeds of which only some are crushed and others pass through the digestive system unharmed. Other plant ...
(Primulaceae), a Wild
... Our reproductive and germination results do not help explain the decline of L. minoricensis or its limited range. Seed production in this species is high (best estimates suggest that a single plant can produce up to 3300 seeds) and should be free of year-to-year ¯uctuations (in the absence of ¯ower ...
... Our reproductive and germination results do not help explain the decline of L. minoricensis or its limited range. Seed production in this species is high (best estimates suggest that a single plant can produce up to 3300 seeds) and should be free of year-to-year ¯uctuations (in the absence of ¯ower ...
Poppy seed
Poppy seed is an oilseed obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). The tiny kidney-shaped seeds have been harvested from dried seed pods by various civilizations for thousands of years. The seeds are used, whole or ground, as an ingredient in many foods, and they are pressed to yield poppyseed oil.