AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN AND THE BIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS B.
... density lipoproteins. We termed this the Ag system; and it has subsequently been the subject of genetic, clinical and forensic studies (11). We continued to search for other precipitating systems in the sera of transfused patients on the principle that this approach had resulted in one significant d ...
... density lipoproteins. We termed this the Ag system; and it has subsequently been the subject of genetic, clinical and forensic studies (11). We continued to search for other precipitating systems in the sera of transfused patients on the principle that this approach had resulted in one significant d ...
Epidemiology of Rabies
... Induction of Coma, New England Journal of Medicine, 2005;352:2508-14. • Charles E. Rupprecht, Robert V. Gibbons, Prophylaxis Against Rabies, New England Journal of Medicine, 2004;351:2626-35. ...
... Induction of Coma, New England Journal of Medicine, 2005;352:2508-14. • Charles E. Rupprecht, Robert V. Gibbons, Prophylaxis Against Rabies, New England Journal of Medicine, 2004;351:2626-35. ...
full text
... After an acute laryngotracheits infection, ILTV can establish a lifelong latency in the trigeminal ganglion of the central nervous system (Garcia et al., 2013). Stress during rehousing with unfamiliar birds and onset of egg production cause sporadic reactivation followed by active replication of ILT ...
... After an acute laryngotracheits infection, ILTV can establish a lifelong latency in the trigeminal ganglion of the central nervous system (Garcia et al., 2013). Stress during rehousing with unfamiliar birds and onset of egg production cause sporadic reactivation followed by active replication of ILT ...
Phylogenetic analysis to define feline immunodeficiency virus
... development of molecular based diagnostic assays. Currently, vaccinated and infected cats cannot be distinguished because diagnostic tests rely on the detection of FIV antibodies18. Therefore, new assays based on viral nucleic acid or antigen detection will become increasingly important as they dire ...
... development of molecular based diagnostic assays. Currently, vaccinated and infected cats cannot be distinguished because diagnostic tests rely on the detection of FIV antibodies18. Therefore, new assays based on viral nucleic acid or antigen detection will become increasingly important as they dire ...
Spiral Bacteria in the Human Stomach: The Gastric Helicobacters
... Berg, pers. comm.). Preliminary searches have identified several open reading frames with strong homologies to virulence functions from other microbes ...
... Berg, pers. comm.). Preliminary searches have identified several open reading frames with strong homologies to virulence functions from other microbes ...
Rotavirus - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene
... worldwide. Rotavirus infections are highly seasonal, peaking in winter months. Though almost every child will have an infection before her/his fifth birthday, the later in life this occurs, and the lower the dose, the milder the infection. Once someone has had a rotavirus infection they usually beco ...
... worldwide. Rotavirus infections are highly seasonal, peaking in winter months. Though almost every child will have an infection before her/his fifth birthday, the later in life this occurs, and the lower the dose, the milder the infection. Once someone has had a rotavirus infection they usually beco ...
Summary of general activities related to the disease
... We pursued a bacteriological study using different commercial and home made media (Herrold, Middlebrook 7H9 with a solid spongeous support, all with mycobactin) for paratuberculosis diagnosis on free or infected-considered goat flocks. These flocks were chosen from a high intensive breeding region, ...
... We pursued a bacteriological study using different commercial and home made media (Herrold, Middlebrook 7H9 with a solid spongeous support, all with mycobactin) for paratuberculosis diagnosis on free or infected-considered goat flocks. These flocks were chosen from a high intensive breeding region, ...
Rapid risk assessment: Zika virus
... similarity of ZIKV infection symptoms to dengue fever and chikungunya infection has likely meant that cases of ZIKV have gone unrecognized for some time, allowing the virus to spread undetected. While the ZIKV outbreak in the Americas was thought initially to be aided by mass gathering events such ...
... similarity of ZIKV infection symptoms to dengue fever and chikungunya infection has likely meant that cases of ZIKV have gone unrecognized for some time, allowing the virus to spread undetected. While the ZIKV outbreak in the Americas was thought initially to be aided by mass gathering events such ...
Spread and Control of Rift Valley Fever virus after accidental
... possible introduction of new vector species which may persist in the new area due to climate changes, we studied the transmission possibilities of RVFV after accidental introduction in the Netherlands. For this purpose, a mathematical model was developed to study (1) the probability of a RVF outbrea ...
... possible introduction of new vector species which may persist in the new area due to climate changes, we studied the transmission possibilities of RVFV after accidental introduction in the Netherlands. For this purpose, a mathematical model was developed to study (1) the probability of a RVF outbrea ...
Toxoplasma gondii - Food Standards Australia New Zealand
... foetus. Transmission of the parasite in utero can cause congenital defects or spontaneous abortion. These congenital defects can include ocular toxoplasmosis, hydrocephalus (big head), mental retardation and intracranial calcifications (Hill et al. 2007; Zhou et al. 2011). Although the risk of trans ...
... foetus. Transmission of the parasite in utero can cause congenital defects or spontaneous abortion. These congenital defects can include ocular toxoplasmosis, hydrocephalus (big head), mental retardation and intracranial calcifications (Hill et al. 2007; Zhou et al. 2011). Although the risk of trans ...
The Influence of Sunlight and Ventilation on Indoor
... There is evidence that building ventilation can influence the spread of infectious diseases such as measles, tuberculosis, influenza, smallpox, chickenpox, anthrax and SARS.1 There is also evidence that daylight, and especially sunlight, kills the bacteria and viruses that cause these and other dise ...
... There is evidence that building ventilation can influence the spread of infectious diseases such as measles, tuberculosis, influenza, smallpox, chickenpox, anthrax and SARS.1 There is also evidence that daylight, and especially sunlight, kills the bacteria and viruses that cause these and other dise ...
HTLV - Semantic Scholar
... suggest lower VLs in HTLV-II subtype A infection, which is the opposite of our finding. One explanation may be that tax genes from wild-type HTLV-II subtype A isolates may have different biologic activity than the HTLV-II prototypes commonly used for in vitro experiments [31–33]. It is also possible ...
... suggest lower VLs in HTLV-II subtype A infection, which is the opposite of our finding. One explanation may be that tax genes from wild-type HTLV-II subtype A isolates may have different biologic activity than the HTLV-II prototypes commonly used for in vitro experiments [31–33]. It is also possible ...
Serological Testing for Suspected Viral Hepatitis
... become available to study this virus. Consequently, the information relating to the natural history of the disease is constantly changing.1,2,6,11 Present tests can, on average, detect antibodies eight to 12 weeks after infection. In immunosuppressed individuals, it may take up to six months or more ...
... become available to study this virus. Consequently, the information relating to the natural history of the disease is constantly changing.1,2,6,11 Present tests can, on average, detect antibodies eight to 12 weeks after infection. In immunosuppressed individuals, it may take up to six months or more ...
Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hepatitis E Virus Infection
... Great Britain38 and France.39 A recent study showed that 1 of 7986 and 1 of 4525 plasma donations tested positive for HEV RNA in Sweden and Germany, respectively.40 Considering that about 3500 donations are used per plasma pool, it is not surprising that 10% of plasma pools tested positive for HEV R ...
... Great Britain38 and France.39 A recent study showed that 1 of 7986 and 1 of 4525 plasma donations tested positive for HEV RNA in Sweden and Germany, respectively.40 Considering that about 3500 donations are used per plasma pool, it is not surprising that 10% of plasma pools tested positive for HEV R ...
STUDIES IN RODENT POLIOMYELITIS
... incubation period has been as long as from 2 to 3 weeks; once the virus is fixed in the guinea pig, as the result of prolonged passage, the disease develops with marked regularity between the 3rd and 6th day. No symptoms are noted, as a rule, during the incubation period. Observations extending over ...
... incubation period has been as long as from 2 to 3 weeks; once the virus is fixed in the guinea pig, as the result of prolonged passage, the disease develops with marked regularity between the 3rd and 6th day. No symptoms are noted, as a rule, during the incubation period. Observations extending over ...
Infection Control and Extracorporeal Life Support
... data does not delineate is whether the longer run led to higher risks of infections, or the reverse, that patients who are either placed on ECMO for complications of infections already present, or wh ...
... data does not delineate is whether the longer run led to higher risks of infections, or the reverse, that patients who are either placed on ECMO for complications of infections already present, or wh ...
Modeling Immune Response and its Effect on Infectious Disease
... moment in time [1]. The vbl value is commonly used as an indicator for disease severity [21] and the host’s capacity of transmitting it [22]. Since the immune system is responsible for controlling vbl in the host, we conceive a direct relationship between them. A stronger immune response restrains t ...
... moment in time [1]. The vbl value is commonly used as an indicator for disease severity [21] and the host’s capacity of transmitting it [22]. Since the immune system is responsible for controlling vbl in the host, we conceive a direct relationship between them. A stronger immune response restrains t ...
Limited infection without evidence of replication by porcine
... did not reveal any pathological changes. Genomic DNA was isolated from tissues and subjected to PCR analysis combined with Southern blotting (Wilson et al., 1998). Similar to the results of Specke et al. (2001), only rare positive results were obtained, without consistent positive results at differe ...
... did not reveal any pathological changes. Genomic DNA was isolated from tissues and subjected to PCR analysis combined with Southern blotting (Wilson et al., 1998). Similar to the results of Specke et al. (2001), only rare positive results were obtained, without consistent positive results at differe ...
Immunodiagnosis of fasciolosis using recombinant
... as a fusion protein containing the proregion, supplied with six histidyl residues at the N-terminal end (rproCL1). In this study we tested its potential as antigen for the serologic diagnosis of F. hepatica infections by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The analyzed human sera included 16 ...
... as a fusion protein containing the proregion, supplied with six histidyl residues at the N-terminal end (rproCL1). In this study we tested its potential as antigen for the serologic diagnosis of F. hepatica infections by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The analyzed human sera included 16 ...
Macaque Models of Human Infectious Disease
... (SIV) (Retroviridae) The founders of the National Primate Research Centers could not have envisioned a more suitable example of the value of NHPs in biomedical research than that of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) as a model for human AIDS1. SAIDS was initially (1983-1985) the desi ...
... (SIV) (Retroviridae) The founders of the National Primate Research Centers could not have envisioned a more suitable example of the value of NHPs in biomedical research than that of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) as a model for human AIDS1. SAIDS was initially (1983-1985) the desi ...
The molecular basis of herpes simplex virus latency
... 2011). The mouse represents the most commonly used animal model system, and following peripheral infection, there is localized replication in epithelial cells followed by axonal transport to innervating sensory ganglia. During the acute stage of disease between 3 and 10 days postinfection, infectiou ...
... 2011). The mouse represents the most commonly used animal model system, and following peripheral infection, there is localized replication in epithelial cells followed by axonal transport to innervating sensory ganglia. During the acute stage of disease between 3 and 10 days postinfection, infectiou ...
The spread of non OIE-listed avian diseases through international
... Most fowl adenoviruses (FAdV) have a poorly defined role as pathogens, with the exception of strains that cause quail bronchitis and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) (35). HPS is associated with group I, serotype 4 avian adenovirus (FAdV-4) (36, 37, 38). Although chickens are the natural hosts of FAd ...
... Most fowl adenoviruses (FAdV) have a poorly defined role as pathogens, with the exception of strains that cause quail bronchitis and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) (35). HPS is associated with group I, serotype 4 avian adenovirus (FAdV-4) (36, 37, 38). Although chickens are the natural hosts of FAd ...
Amebic Dysentery
... diagnosis in detecting parasites and to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic infections. Recent studies indicate improved sensitivity and specificity of fecal antigen assays with the use of monoclonal antibodies which can distinguish between E. histolytica and E. dispar ...
... diagnosis in detecting parasites and to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic infections. Recent studies indicate improved sensitivity and specificity of fecal antigen assays with the use of monoclonal antibodies which can distinguish between E. histolytica and E. dispar ...
Multicenter prospective study of procalcitonin as an indicator of sepsis
... reliable method of detecting bacterial infections. However, more than 3 days is required to obtain results, and the positive detection rate is low. Although CRP and IL-6 have been suggested to be good indicators of sepsis, elevated CRP and IL-6 concentrations can also be found following surgical pro ...
... reliable method of detecting bacterial infections. However, more than 3 days is required to obtain results, and the positive detection rate is low. Although CRP and IL-6 have been suggested to be good indicators of sepsis, elevated CRP and IL-6 concentrations can also be found following surgical pro ...
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM), is a rodent-borne viral infectious disease that presents as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Its causative agent is the Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV), a member of the family Arenaviridae. The name was coined by Charles Armstrong in 1934.