Effects of Host Diversity on Infectious Disease
... species are expected to vary in their susceptibility to, and ability to support replication of, specific pathogens. But differences between species are expected to be larger than those within a species. Both theoretical and empirical treatments of the effects of changes in species diversity on disea ...
... species are expected to vary in their susceptibility to, and ability to support replication of, specific pathogens. But differences between species are expected to be larger than those within a species. Both theoretical and empirical treatments of the effects of changes in species diversity on disea ...
Ticks and Tickborne Bacterial Diseases in Humans: An Emerging
... to survive. On the other hand, Ixodes scapularis in the United States and Ixodes ricinus in Europe favor woods and forests with high relative humidity and are absent from dry places. Host seeking. Ixodid ticks spend 190% of their life unattached from the host [25], and most of them are exophilic: th ...
... to survive. On the other hand, Ixodes scapularis in the United States and Ixodes ricinus in Europe favor woods and forests with high relative humidity and are absent from dry places. Host seeking. Ixodid ticks spend 190% of their life unattached from the host [25], and most of them are exophilic: th ...
about Lyme Disease in Australia - Lyme Disease Association of
... (except Antarctica- although birds infected with Lyme Disease and carrying infected ticks on them have been found in Antarctica). It is endemic in the USA, and is increasingly a problem in Europe. What are some “complementary treatments” for Lyme Disease? As with many diseases, there is no one treat ...
... (except Antarctica- although birds infected with Lyme Disease and carrying infected ticks on them have been found in Antarctica). It is endemic in the USA, and is increasingly a problem in Europe. What are some “complementary treatments” for Lyme Disease? As with many diseases, there is no one treat ...
Spotted Fever Group Rickettsial Infections in Australia
... In 1946 Andrew et al. [1] described a new tick-borne disease in Australian soldiers on wartime training exercises in the bush of northern Queensland. A rickettsial organism was isolated from two of 12 infected soldiers, and the illness was designated North Queensland tick typhus. Plotz et al. [2] pe ...
... In 1946 Andrew et al. [1] described a new tick-borne disease in Australian soldiers on wartime training exercises in the bush of northern Queensland. A rickettsial organism was isolated from two of 12 infected soldiers, and the illness was designated North Queensland tick typhus. Plotz et al. [2] pe ...
Malaria endemicity and co-infection with tissue-dwelling parasites in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review
... that both Babesia and Plasmodium parasites confer crossprotection to mice during co-infection. A human case report from Korea showed that Babesia parasites prolonged severity of malaria-induced haemolytic anaemia during co-infection [113]. A child from Ivory Coast co-infected with Plasmodium sp. and ...
... that both Babesia and Plasmodium parasites confer crossprotection to mice during co-infection. A human case report from Korea showed that Babesia parasites prolonged severity of malaria-induced haemolytic anaemia during co-infection [113]. A child from Ivory Coast co-infected with Plasmodium sp. and ...
Johnson et al. 2013 pnas
... disease ecology involves understanding host–parasite interactions within complex communities (1, 2). Whereas epidemiological research has historically focused on interactions between individual host and parasite species, growing evidence indicates that incorporating more realistic levels of diversit ...
... disease ecology involves understanding host–parasite interactions within complex communities (1, 2). Whereas epidemiological research has historically focused on interactions between individual host and parasite species, growing evidence indicates that incorporating more realistic levels of diversit ...
Rickettsial Pathogens and their Arthropod Vectors
... naturally infected with rickettsiae, Dermacentor andersoni and D. variabilis are the major vectors of R. rickettsii. SFG infection rates vary considerably by state. For example, the infection rate for adult D. variabilis collected from vegetation and mammalian hosts was 2% to 9% in Connecticut, 5% i ...
... naturally infected with rickettsiae, Dermacentor andersoni and D. variabilis are the major vectors of R. rickettsii. SFG infection rates vary considerably by state. For example, the infection rate for adult D. variabilis collected from vegetation and mammalian hosts was 2% to 9% in Connecticut, 5% i ...
Diagnosis and Management of Lyme Disease
... laboratory confirmation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a twotier serologic testing protocol using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay initially, followed by the more specific Western blot to confirm the diagnosis when the assay samples are positive or equivocal. The trea ...
... laboratory confirmation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a twotier serologic testing protocol using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay initially, followed by the more specific Western blot to confirm the diagnosis when the assay samples are positive or equivocal. The trea ...
Tick-borne encephalitis in Sweden and climate change
... predation due to a scabies infestation of the fox population. This factor might have contributed to an overestimation of the links found in Stockholm County. However, although important, the roe deer is only one of many host animals. Since the emergence of Lyme borreliosis in the late 1970s much att ...
... predation due to a scabies infestation of the fox population. This factor might have contributed to an overestimation of the links found in Stockholm County. However, although important, the roe deer is only one of many host animals. Since the emergence of Lyme borreliosis in the late 1970s much att ...
Why infectious disease research needs community ecology
... For example, long-term sampling of wild field vole (Microtus agrestis) populations revealed that infection with the protozoan Babesia microti reduced the probability that a host subsequently became infected with the bacteria Bartonella spp.; however, if Bartonella established first, then B. microti ...
... For example, long-term sampling of wild field vole (Microtus agrestis) populations revealed that infection with the protozoan Babesia microti reduced the probability that a host subsequently became infected with the bacteria Bartonella spp.; however, if Bartonella established first, then B. microti ...
Why infectious disease research needs community ecology
... For example, long-term sampling of wild field vole (Microtus agrestis) populations revealed that infection with the protozoan Babesia microti reduced the probability that a host subsequently became infected with the bacteria Bartonella spp.; however, if Bartonella established first, then B. microti ...
... For example, long-term sampling of wild field vole (Microtus agrestis) populations revealed that infection with the protozoan Babesia microti reduced the probability that a host subsequently became infected with the bacteria Bartonella spp.; however, if Bartonella established first, then B. microti ...
The ABC`s of Lyme Disease
... colonies), and low white cell counts, low platelet counts with elevated liver functions in certain patients. Babesia microti is an intracellular parasite found in red blood cells which causes a malarial like illness. Children may complain of intermittent fevers, chills, day and night sweats, as well ...
... colonies), and low white cell counts, low platelet counts with elevated liver functions in certain patients. Babesia microti is an intracellular parasite found in red blood cells which causes a malarial like illness. Children may complain of intermittent fevers, chills, day and night sweats, as well ...
GIARDIASIS HISTORY Giardiasis is known by its commonly called
... have symptoms, it may be up to three weeks for them to develop (Clinical Reference Systems 2004). It has been estimated that the rate of the disease varies from 4-42% (Cash 2005). Death caused by Giardiasis is rare, and if it happens, it is because the person who contracted the disease, either had a ...
... have symptoms, it may be up to three weeks for them to develop (Clinical Reference Systems 2004). It has been estimated that the rate of the disease varies from 4-42% (Cash 2005). Death caused by Giardiasis is rare, and if it happens, it is because the person who contracted the disease, either had a ...
Kurtenbach et al. - The Institute for Environmental Modeling
... the bacterial populations8,30,34,39,40 . Two factors have facilitated the spread of the bacteria in this region; first, the increasing population size and geographical range of I. scapularis ticks, which is believed to be driven by restored woodlands and growing populations of deer, an important rep ...
... the bacterial populations8,30,34,39,40 . Two factors have facilitated the spread of the bacteria in this region; first, the increasing population size and geographical range of I. scapularis ticks, which is believed to be driven by restored woodlands and growing populations of deer, an important rep ...
Climate change and Ixodes tick
... and temporal scales of these phenomenological studies, not to mention the different climatic variables they include, have made it difficult to identify and evaluate consistent patterns in associations [23]. The mechanistic approach, on the other hand, typically uses controlled experiments to determi ...
... and temporal scales of these phenomenological studies, not to mention the different climatic variables they include, have made it difficult to identify and evaluate consistent patterns in associations [23]. The mechanistic approach, on the other hand, typically uses controlled experiments to determi ...
Climate change and Ixodes tick
... and temporal scales of these phenomenological studies, not to mention the different climatic variables they include, have made it difficult to identify and evaluate consistent patterns in associations [23]. The mechanistic approach, on the other hand, typically uses controlled experiments to determi ...
... and temporal scales of these phenomenological studies, not to mention the different climatic variables they include, have made it difficult to identify and evaluate consistent patterns in associations [23]. The mechanistic approach, on the other hand, typically uses controlled experiments to determi ...
The Basics - Lyme Disease Association of Southeastern PA
... Patients with long-term LD rarely have a positive ELISA test, possibly because they have ceased to produce the antibodies the test looks for. Most experts believe that the ELISA test is only about 30-60% accurate. However, a positive ELISA test is a reasonably reliable indication of infection. Ther ...
... Patients with long-term LD rarely have a positive ELISA test, possibly because they have ceased to produce the antibodies the test looks for. Most experts believe that the ELISA test is only about 30-60% accurate. However, a positive ELISA test is a reasonably reliable indication of infection. Ther ...
Clinical Manifestations of Lyme Disease
... • All late Neuroborreliosis: expect positive serology and CSF antibodies ...
... • All late Neuroborreliosis: expect positive serology and CSF antibodies ...
Review Effect of climate change on vector
... far north as southern Scotland will be climatically suitable for 2 months, with 4 months suitability in southern Great Britain10 ...
... far north as southern Scotland will be climatically suitable for 2 months, with 4 months suitability in southern Great Britain10 ...
Haemaphysalis longicornis
... SFTS has a fatality rate of 12% and as high as 40% in some areas. The major clinical symptoms of SFTS are fever, vomiting, diarrhea, multiple organ failure, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leukopenia (low white blood cell count) and elevated liver enzyme levels. ...
... SFTS has a fatality rate of 12% and as high as 40% in some areas. The major clinical symptoms of SFTS are fever, vomiting, diarrhea, multiple organ failure, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leukopenia (low white blood cell count) and elevated liver enzyme levels. ...
Emerging Tick-borne Diseases: A Roundtable Discussion
... Breitschwerdt: I would not. My reasons for not treating a healthy B. burgdorferi seroreactive dog include: 1) the large number of healthy seroreactive dogs that would receive antibiotics as a result of routine health screening in highly endemic areas; 2) the concern that widespread use of antibiotic ...
... Breitschwerdt: I would not. My reasons for not treating a healthy B. burgdorferi seroreactive dog include: 1) the large number of healthy seroreactive dogs that would receive antibiotics as a result of routine health screening in highly endemic areas; 2) the concern that widespread use of antibiotic ...
View/Download - Dr. Raj Patel
... Requires serological evidence for treatment (positive PCR or IgM on WB) Treatment restricted to 2-3 weeks of single antibiotic (typically Doxycycline 100mg BID) “…unproven and very improbable assumption that chronic B. burgdorferi infection can occur in the absence of antibodies against B. burgdorfe ...
... Requires serological evidence for treatment (positive PCR or IgM on WB) Treatment restricted to 2-3 weeks of single antibiotic (typically Doxycycline 100mg BID) “…unproven and very improbable assumption that chronic B. burgdorferi infection can occur in the absence of antibodies against B. burgdorfe ...
Irish Articles Compendium
... there has been no erythema migrans rash. The infection is confirmed by special blood tests. The tests used, look for antibodies to B. burgdorferi, which are produced by an infected person's body in response to the infection. Antibodies will take several weeks to develop and may not be present in the ...
... there has been no erythema migrans rash. The infection is confirmed by special blood tests. The tests used, look for antibodies to B. burgdorferi, which are produced by an infected person's body in response to the infection. Antibodies will take several weeks to develop and may not be present in the ...
Lyme disease - Margie Patlak
... studying Rocky Mountain spotted fever, which is also caused by the bite of a tick. In the summer of 1977, Allen C. Steere, M.D., was investigating the Lyme disease cases for the Yale University School of Medicine in Hartford, Connecticut. During conversations with Dr. Burgdorfer, Dr. Steere mentione ...
... studying Rocky Mountain spotted fever, which is also caused by the bite of a tick. In the summer of 1977, Allen C. Steere, M.D., was investigating the Lyme disease cases for the Yale University School of Medicine in Hartford, Connecticut. During conversations with Dr. Burgdorfer, Dr. Steere mentione ...
actors, musicians and scientists unite to create a lyme free world
... Children are particularly vulnerable because they are outside a lot, especially in the early summer, when ticks are most plentiful. If they become infected, kids may experience headaches, fatigue and flu-like symptoms. If the disease is left untreated, children may also develop muscular and joint pr ...
... Children are particularly vulnerable because they are outside a lot, especially in the early summer, when ticks are most plentiful. If they become infected, kids may experience headaches, fatigue and flu-like symptoms. If the disease is left untreated, children may also develop muscular and joint pr ...
Babesia
Babesia (also called Nuttallia) is a genus of protozoan apicomplexan piroplasms which was discovered by the Romanian bacteriologist Victor Babeș, that infect the blood and cause a parasitic, hemolytic disease known as babesiosis. Over 100 species of Babesia have been identified, but only a few have been documented to be pathogenic in humans.In the United States, B. microti is the most common strain associated with humans. Other species infect cattle, livestock, and occasionally domestic animals. People who contract babesiosis suffer from malaria-like symptoms. As a result, malaria is a common misdiagnosis for the disease.