A critique of recent theories of spin-half quantum plasmas
... Maxwell-Boltzmann(MB) statistics applies - as it does in fusion plasmas, for example, where MB distributions describe thermodynamic equilibria and approximate local thermodynamic equilibrium under collisional conditions [cf.[8],p.42]. This can happen only when λ n−1/3 . When this cone dition fails ...
... Maxwell-Boltzmann(MB) statistics applies - as it does in fusion plasmas, for example, where MB distributions describe thermodynamic equilibria and approximate local thermodynamic equilibrium under collisional conditions [cf.[8],p.42]. This can happen only when λ n−1/3 . When this cone dition fails ...
Closed timelike curves make quantum and classical computing
... It was once believed that CTCs would lead inevitably to logical inconsistencies such as the Grandfather Paradox. But in a groundbreaking 1991 paper, Deutsch [9] showed that this intuition fails, provided the physics of the CTC is quantum-mechanical. Deutsch’s insight was that a CTC should simply be ...
... It was once believed that CTCs would lead inevitably to logical inconsistencies such as the Grandfather Paradox. But in a groundbreaking 1991 paper, Deutsch [9] showed that this intuition fails, provided the physics of the CTC is quantum-mechanical. Deutsch’s insight was that a CTC should simply be ...
Introduction to Quantum Computation THE JOY OF ENTANGLEMENT
... on Bob’s, etc.) Thus if Alice, Bob and Claire all measure σx , they may obtain −1, −1, −1 or −1, 1, 1 or 1, −1, 1 or 1, 1, −1 respectively; if two measure σy and the third measures σx , they may obtain 1, 1, 1 or 1, −1, −1 or −1, 1, −1 or −1, −1, 1 respectively; only these results are possible. It i ...
... on Bob’s, etc.) Thus if Alice, Bob and Claire all measure σx , they may obtain −1, −1, −1 or −1, 1, 1 or 1, −1, 1 or 1, 1, −1 respectively; if two measure σy and the third measures σx , they may obtain 1, 1, 1 or 1, −1, −1 or −1, 1, −1 or −1, −1, 1 respectively; only these results are possible. It i ...
PDF
... a (semi)additive structure, the superpositions characteristic of quantum phenomena can be captured at this abstract level. Moreover, the biproduct structure interacts with the compact-closed structure in a non-trivial fashion. In particular, the distributivity of tensor product over biproduct allows ...
... a (semi)additive structure, the superpositions characteristic of quantum phenomena can be captured at this abstract level. Moreover, the biproduct structure interacts with the compact-closed structure in a non-trivial fashion. In particular, the distributivity of tensor product over biproduct allows ...
Fall
... Course strategy for year 1 is to prepare for the Preliminary Exam in June. You will answer 6 question, 3 from your area and 3 from outside of your area. The 3 outside of your area cannot be in the same area. Below is a list of relevant courses for students in the Circuits and Devices area color code ...
... Course strategy for year 1 is to prepare for the Preliminary Exam in June. You will answer 6 question, 3 from your area and 3 from outside of your area. The 3 outside of your area cannot be in the same area. Below is a list of relevant courses for students in the Circuits and Devices area color code ...
pptx, 11Mb - ITEP Lattice Group
... CS = numer of left/right zero level crossings in [0, 2 π] Particle-hole symmetry: zero level at θ also at 2 π – θ Odd CS zero level at π (assume θ=0 is a trivial insul.) ...
... CS = numer of left/right zero level crossings in [0, 2 π] Particle-hole symmetry: zero level at θ also at 2 π – θ Odd CS zero level at π (assume θ=0 is a trivial insul.) ...
Chain rules for quantum Rényi entropies
... The Shannon entropy is one of the central concepts in information theory: it quantifies the amount of uncertainty contained in a random variable, and is used to characterize a wide range of information theoretical tasks. However, it is primarily useful for making asymptotic statements about problems ...
... The Shannon entropy is one of the central concepts in information theory: it quantifies the amount of uncertainty contained in a random variable, and is used to characterize a wide range of information theoretical tasks. However, it is primarily useful for making asymptotic statements about problems ...
Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation and the Threshold Theorem
... fault-tolerant, then for any of these procedures, the probability of the encoded operations failing is at most cp2 for some constant c. If pleq 1c , then we see that we will have decreased the probability of failing below p. Is it possible to boost this probability even smaller with a reasonable ove ...
... fault-tolerant, then for any of these procedures, the probability of the encoded operations failing is at most cp2 for some constant c. If pleq 1c , then we see that we will have decreased the probability of failing below p. Is it possible to boost this probability even smaller with a reasonable ove ...
Slide 1
... “quanta" of energy which we call photons. The quantum of energy for a photon is not Planck's constant h itself, but the product of h and the frequency. The quantization implies that a photon of blue light of given frequency or wavelength will always have the same size quantum of energy. For example, ...
... “quanta" of energy which we call photons. The quantum of energy for a photon is not Planck's constant h itself, but the product of h and the frequency. The quantization implies that a photon of blue light of given frequency or wavelength will always have the same size quantum of energy. For example, ...
The quantum field theory (QFT) dual paradigm in fun
... states derives, implies the generation, effectively the condensation, of correlation quanta with negligible mass, in principle null: the NGB, indeed. They acquire a different name for the different mode of interaction, and hence of the coherent states of matter they determine S phonons in crystals, ...
... states derives, implies the generation, effectively the condensation, of correlation quanta with negligible mass, in principle null: the NGB, indeed. They acquire a different name for the different mode of interaction, and hence of the coherent states of matter they determine S phonons in crystals, ...
2_Quantum theory_ techniques and applications
... The use of a barrier to control the flow of electrons from one lead to the other is the basis of transistors. The miniaturization of solid-state devices can’t continue forever. That is, eventually the barriers that are the key to transistor function will be too small to control quantum effects and t ...
... The use of a barrier to control the flow of electrons from one lead to the other is the basis of transistors. The miniaturization of solid-state devices can’t continue forever. That is, eventually the barriers that are the key to transistor function will be too small to control quantum effects and t ...
The Limits of Quantum Computers
... would imply efficient algorithms for all the others. Stephen A. Cook of the University of Toronto, Richard Karp of the University of California, Berkeley, and Leonid Levin, now at Boston University, arrived at this remarkable conclusion in the 1970s, when they developed the theory of NP-completeness ...
... would imply efficient algorithms for all the others. Stephen A. Cook of the University of Toronto, Richard Karp of the University of California, Berkeley, and Leonid Levin, now at Boston University, arrived at this remarkable conclusion in the 1970s, when they developed the theory of NP-completeness ...
Exciton Beats in GaAs Quantum Wells: Bosonic Representation and Collective... J. Fern´andez-Rossier and C. Tejedor
... LX-HX beats.— We now turn to the main subject of this work, namely, the beats of frequency ωL − ωH (ωL and ωH are, respectively, the frequencies of the LX and HX excitons) as reported in a wide variety of experiments [1–4,8], which are conventionally characterized [1,2] as a quantum interference phe ...
... LX-HX beats.— We now turn to the main subject of this work, namely, the beats of frequency ωL − ωH (ωL and ωH are, respectively, the frequencies of the LX and HX excitons) as reported in a wide variety of experiments [1–4,8], which are conventionally characterized [1,2] as a quantum interference phe ...
ABSTRACTS Workshop on “Higher topological quantum field theory
... homotopy theory. This problem was remedied by considering orbifolds as a particular kind of (effective) Lie groupoids. In this description the natural notion of map would be that of a Hilsum Skandalis module or a so called generalized map. (Generalized maps are obtained as maps in the bicategory of ...
... homotopy theory. This problem was remedied by considering orbifolds as a particular kind of (effective) Lie groupoids. In this description the natural notion of map would be that of a Hilsum Skandalis module or a so called generalized map. (Generalized maps are obtained as maps in the bicategory of ...
.
... where j2i is thePcollective Dicke-like state with two excitations, j2i / ij gi gj j01 02 . . . 1i . . . 1j . . . 0N i. Transferring subsequently to the superposition of zero-, one-, and two-phonon states, j c pn i ¼ 0 jnpn ¼ 0i þ 1 jnpn ¼ 1i þ 2 jnpn ¼ 2i, and from it to the same superposition o ...
... where j2i is thePcollective Dicke-like state with two excitations, j2i / ij gi gj j01 02 . . . 1i . . . 1j . . . 0N i. Transferring subsequently to the superposition of zero-, one-, and two-phonon states, j c pn i ¼ 0 jnpn ¼ 0i þ 1 jnpn ¼ 1i þ 2 jnpn ¼ 2i, and from it to the same superposition o ...
Explorations in Universality
... Almost any programming language or cellular automaton you can think to invent, provided it’s “sufficiently complicated,” can simulate Turing machines For n 3 or 4, almost any n-bit logic gate will be able to express all Boolean functions Almost any 2-qubit unitary transformation can be used to app ...
... Almost any programming language or cellular automaton you can think to invent, provided it’s “sufficiently complicated,” can simulate Turing machines For n 3 or 4, almost any n-bit logic gate will be able to express all Boolean functions Almost any 2-qubit unitary transformation can be used to app ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.