1. Macroeconomics does not try to answer the question of: A) why do
... measured vertically and the quantity of pizza measured horizontally: A) the supply curve slopes upward and to the right. B) the demand curve slopes upward and to the right. C) the supply curve slopes downward and to the right. D) at the equilibrium price, the supply of pizza exceeds the demand for p ...
... measured vertically and the quantity of pizza measured horizontally: A) the supply curve slopes upward and to the right. B) the demand curve slopes upward and to the right. C) the supply curve slopes downward and to the right. D) at the equilibrium price, the supply of pizza exceeds the demand for p ...
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... I just mentioned that "we are all QE-sians now." What brought us into this situation is the global financial crisis in 2008. ...
... I just mentioned that "we are all QE-sians now." What brought us into this situation is the global financial crisis in 2008. ...
F Biggest danger is bank bashing
... overwhelming. There are centuries of clear evidence for this – even though plenty of deniers of basic principles remain in evidence. Let’s look at the world’s largest economy, the US. Chart 1 shows the growth rate for nominal final sales to domestic purchasers, which is a good proxy for nominal aggr ...
... overwhelming. There are centuries of clear evidence for this – even though plenty of deniers of basic principles remain in evidence. Let’s look at the world’s largest economy, the US. Chart 1 shows the growth rate for nominal final sales to domestic purchasers, which is a good proxy for nominal aggr ...
1 Economics 134 Professor Christina Romer Spring 2012 Professor
... c. The Federal Reserve is constrained by the zero lower bound. d. There have been inflation shocks acting to increase the inflation rate. 20. The TARP legislation passed in October 2008 was used to: a. Inject capital into financial institutions. b. Build roads and other infrastructure projects. c. P ...
... c. The Federal Reserve is constrained by the zero lower bound. d. There have been inflation shocks acting to increase the inflation rate. 20. The TARP legislation passed in October 2008 was used to: a. Inject capital into financial institutions. b. Build roads and other infrastructure projects. c. P ...
PRESIDENT'S REPORT TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS,
... December's payroll employment was revised further downward and the 3-month moving average, which is a better indicator of labor market strength, remains below zero. The unemployment rate fell to 5.7%. In January, auto and light truck sales slowed, as consumer confidence fell. And on the supply side, ...
... December's payroll employment was revised further downward and the 3-month moving average, which is a better indicator of labor market strength, remains below zero. The unemployment rate fell to 5.7%. In January, auto and light truck sales slowed, as consumer confidence fell. And on the supply side, ...
National Income Accounting, Unemployment, Inflation
... rising and falling: expansions and contractions. • Recession (Contraction): two or more successive quarters of falling real GDP. • Depression: a severe, prolonged economic contraction. – Prior to the 1930s, economic downturns were called “crises.” The term depression was introduced so people wouldn’ ...
... rising and falling: expansions and contractions. • Recession (Contraction): two or more successive quarters of falling real GDP. • Depression: a severe, prolonged economic contraction. – Prior to the 1930s, economic downturns were called “crises.” The term depression was introduced so people wouldn’ ...
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... Spotlight activity as well as phases with increasing production activity REAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN THE US, 2000–2002 seasonally adjusted that is lower than average Growth rate in % Index, first quarter 2001 = 100 ...
... Spotlight activity as well as phases with increasing production activity REAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN THE US, 2000–2002 seasonally adjusted that is lower than average Growth rate in % Index, first quarter 2001 = 100 ...
Y/L
... • Growth rates vary substantially across countries. • Convergence: In the long run, all countries will converge to the same growth rate and level of income per worker. – Income per worker converges to the same level across countries conditional on the countries being structurally alike. ...
... • Growth rates vary substantially across countries. • Convergence: In the long run, all countries will converge to the same growth rate and level of income per worker. – Income per worker converges to the same level across countries conditional on the countries being structurally alike. ...
Sticky Prices and the New Keynesian Model
... money to the market, where he finds every thing at the same price as formerly, but returns with greater quantity and of better kinds for the use of his family. The farmer and gardener, finding that all their commodities are taken off, apply themselves with alacrity to raising more...It is easy to tr ...
... money to the market, where he finds every thing at the same price as formerly, but returns with greater quantity and of better kinds for the use of his family. The farmer and gardener, finding that all their commodities are taken off, apply themselves with alacrity to raising more...It is easy to tr ...
Unit 7 Notes
... • During down times gov’t should spend to create jobs even if it causes debt. • Deficit spending then pay off debt in long run. • Money given to people in form of tax cuts gets the economy moving. • FDR uses this to help end the Depression. • Tools: Taxes and interest rates. ...
... • During down times gov’t should spend to create jobs even if it causes debt. • Deficit spending then pay off debt in long run. • Money given to people in form of tax cuts gets the economy moving. • FDR uses this to help end the Depression. • Tools: Taxes and interest rates. ...
Economics 102-1 - Iowa State University Department of Economics
... 23. The most difficult to measure determinant of investment spending is a. business confidence. b. real interest rates. c. aggregate demand. d. foreign exchange rates 24. Under what conditions are business firms most likely to increase investment expenditures? a. Firms have plenty of capacity to exp ...
... 23. The most difficult to measure determinant of investment spending is a. business confidence. b. real interest rates. c. aggregate demand. d. foreign exchange rates 24. Under what conditions are business firms most likely to increase investment expenditures? a. Firms have plenty of capacity to exp ...
3.2.3 Smith`s Qualifications of Laissez
... Smith extends his laissez-faire recommendations to the banking system, proposing that banks should be allowed to issue as much deposits or banknotes as they wish, as long as they are in a position to redeem deposits and notes with gold on demand. In his view, banking and credit share the self-regula ...
... Smith extends his laissez-faire recommendations to the banking system, proposing that banks should be allowed to issue as much deposits or banknotes as they wish, as long as they are in a position to redeem deposits and notes with gold on demand. In his view, banking and credit share the self-regula ...
Module Handout
... Introduction to the course and key economic indicators such as GDP, unemployment and inflation. Section 2: Economic Growth (5 lectures) This section explores what determines the output (GDP) of economies over time and why levels of GDP and growth rates of GDP vary immensely between countries. GDP is ...
... Introduction to the course and key economic indicators such as GDP, unemployment and inflation. Section 2: Economic Growth (5 lectures) This section explores what determines the output (GDP) of economies over time and why levels of GDP and growth rates of GDP vary immensely between countries. GDP is ...
99下總經考試2
... B) frequent price changes would be a sign of monopolistic behavior. C) the cost of changing the price might exceed the additional revenue the price change would generate. D) demand for their product would fall because consumers would purchase goods from firms that had not raised their prices. 11. In ...
... B) frequent price changes would be a sign of monopolistic behavior. C) the cost of changing the price might exceed the additional revenue the price change would generate. D) demand for their product would fall because consumers would purchase goods from firms that had not raised their prices. 11. In ...
GDP per Capita - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... • GDP per capita: total GDP divided by total population. • Growth in GDP per capita is attained only when the growth of output exceeds population growth. • U.S. GDP per capita has more than doubled since 1980. ...
... • GDP per capita: total GDP divided by total population. • Growth in GDP per capita is attained only when the growth of output exceeds population growth. • U.S. GDP per capita has more than doubled since 1980. ...
Economic of Depression, Hyperinflation, and Deficits
... spend less than their income and pay the difference to the government in exchange for extra money This way of raising government revenue is referred to as the inflation tax or seigniorare The amount of government can raise in this way is Inflation tax = inflation rate × real money base ...
... spend less than their income and pay the difference to the government in exchange for extra money This way of raising government revenue is referred to as the inflation tax or seigniorare The amount of government can raise in this way is Inflation tax = inflation rate × real money base ...
e-Brief - CD Howe Institute
... might be needed to restore the economy to an even keel. The conventional response nevertheless proved adequate in Canada in 2008/09 – with some help from new and temporary lending facilities – but not everywhere. Where it wasn’t, central banks had the further option of entering financial markets as ...
... might be needed to restore the economy to an even keel. The conventional response nevertheless proved adequate in Canada in 2008/09 – with some help from new and temporary lending facilities – but not everywhere. Where it wasn’t, central banks had the further option of entering financial markets as ...
Intermediate Macroeconomics - College of Business and Economics
... Profit-maximization results in all firms reducing prices and therefore costs of inputs fall. MC decline, leading to further P declines and real money balances increase. Real interest rate falls, AD increases, and full employment is re-established. ...
... Profit-maximization results in all firms reducing prices and therefore costs of inputs fall. MC decline, leading to further P declines and real money balances increase. Real interest rate falls, AD increases, and full employment is re-established. ...
Midterm 1
... b) raise the price of electricity, particularly when usage levels approach the maximum levels that can be produced. c) have government officials decide who really needs electricity and deny electricity to other people d) allow each household a fixed amount of electricity per day, and turn off the fl ...
... b) raise the price of electricity, particularly when usage levels approach the maximum levels that can be produced. c) have government officials decide who really needs electricity and deny electricity to other people d) allow each household a fixed amount of electricity per day, and turn off the fl ...
Chapter 8—PowerPoint
... Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, http://www.bea.gov and U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov ...
... Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, http://www.bea.gov and U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov ...
Financial Contracting and the Specialization of Assets
... Few regulators had necessary tools (exceptions: Spain/Colombia) ...
... Few regulators had necessary tools (exceptions: Spain/Colombia) ...
Long Depression
The Long Depression was a worldwide price recession, beginning in 1873 and running through the spring of 1879. It was the most severe in Europe and the United States, which had been experiencing strong economic growth fueled by the Second Industrial Revolution in the decade following the American Civil War. The episode was labeled the ""Great Depression"" at the time, and it held that designation until the Great Depression of the 1930s. Though a period of general deflation and a general contraction, it did not have the severe economic retrogression of the Great Depression.It was most notable in Western Europe and North America, at least in part because reliable data from the period are most readily available in those parts of the world. The United Kingdom is often considered to have been the hardest hit; during this period it lost some of its large industrial lead over the economies of Continental Europe. While it was occurring, the view was prominent that the economy of the United Kingdom had been in continuous depression from 1873 to as late as 1896 and some texts refer to the period as the Great Depression of 1873–96.In the United States, economists typically refer to the Long Depression as the Depression of 1873–79, kicked off by the Panic of 1873, and followed by the Panic of 1893, book-ending the entire period of the wider Long Depression. The National Bureau of Economic Research dates the contraction following the panic as lasting from October 1873 to March 1879. At 65 months, it is the longest-lasting contraction identified by the NBER, eclipsing the Great Depression's 43 months of contraction.In the US, from 1873–1879, 18,000 businesses went bankrupt, including 89 railroads. Ten states and hundreds of banks went bankrupt. Unemployment peaked in 1878, long after the panic ended. Different sources peg the peak unemployment rate anywhere from 8.25% to 14%.