Additional file 1
... 1-Acenaphthen-5-yl-ethanone (3): Pyridinium dichromate (3.0 g, 9.0 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of alcohol 2 (1.8 g, 9.0 mmol) and powdered 4Å molecular sieve (0.75 g) in anhydrous CH2Cl2 (50 mL) at 0°C. After the addition was complete, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, t ...
... 1-Acenaphthen-5-yl-ethanone (3): Pyridinium dichromate (3.0 g, 9.0 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of alcohol 2 (1.8 g, 9.0 mmol) and powdered 4Å molecular sieve (0.75 g) in anhydrous CH2Cl2 (50 mL) at 0°C. After the addition was complete, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, t ...
37-41
... in non-target species, like fish and fresh-water mussels (U.S.E. Prot. Agen. 1972). Malathion is known to affect the nervous system by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme that modulates the amount of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Fukuto, 1971). There are several metabolic routes ...
... in non-target species, like fish and fresh-water mussels (U.S.E. Prot. Agen. 1972). Malathion is known to affect the nervous system by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme that modulates the amount of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Fukuto, 1971). There are several metabolic routes ...
Fluoromount-G™ Slide Mounting Media
... cell prep, mount cover slip and press gently with a gauze sponge to remove excess mounting medium and to seal the cover slip. ...
... cell prep, mount cover slip and press gently with a gauze sponge to remove excess mounting medium and to seal the cover slip. ...
Spring - American Association for Clinical Chemistry
... called aging and causes irreversible enzyme inhibition. The length of time this takes to occur varies, it can be as short as a few minutes for soman or take several days for VX. Cholinergic Toxidrome: The major consequence of AChE inhibition is a cholinergic crisis caused by the increased levels of ...
... called aging and causes irreversible enzyme inhibition. The length of time this takes to occur varies, it can be as short as a few minutes for soman or take several days for VX. Cholinergic Toxidrome: The major consequence of AChE inhibition is a cholinergic crisis caused by the increased levels of ...
Chapter 7 Slide Presentation
... • Short-term inhalation of styrene can produce central nervous system effects such as muscle weakness, and problems concentrating on tasks; irritation of the respiratory tract also can result. • Possibly carcinogenic ...
... • Short-term inhalation of styrene can produce central nervous system effects such as muscle weakness, and problems concentrating on tasks; irritation of the respiratory tract also can result. • Possibly carcinogenic ...
Lecture No. 12+13
... Diazine and triazine pesticides - herbicides Diazine pesticides are less toxic than triazine ones Mechanism of the toxic action – - triazines are antimetabolites of pirimidine bases components of nucleic acids and folic acid - atrazine damages the liver detoxication functions ...
... Diazine and triazine pesticides - herbicides Diazine pesticides are less toxic than triazine ones Mechanism of the toxic action – - triazines are antimetabolites of pirimidine bases components of nucleic acids and folic acid - atrazine damages the liver detoxication functions ...
Introduction to toxicology
... Main types of combined effects Synergistic effects Combined effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects if each substance encountered alone e.g. (2 + 2 = 20): • Carbon tetrachloride and ethanol – both are hepatoxic – but total liver damage by combined exposure is much greater than expe ...
... Main types of combined effects Synergistic effects Combined effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects if each substance encountered alone e.g. (2 + 2 = 20): • Carbon tetrachloride and ethanol – both are hepatoxic – but total liver damage by combined exposure is much greater than expe ...
Pharmacological Basis of Poisoning
... Methanol and Ethylene Glycol The "parent alcohols" methanol and ethylene glycol are relatively nontoxic, and cause mainly central nervous system (CNS) sedation. However, profound toxicity can ensue when these parent alcohols are oxidized (primarily by alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase ...
... Methanol and Ethylene Glycol The "parent alcohols" methanol and ethylene glycol are relatively nontoxic, and cause mainly central nervous system (CNS) sedation. However, profound toxicity can ensue when these parent alcohols are oxidized (primarily by alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase ...
Ch 14 Env Health 2013 - Pendleton
... • Dosage: Amount of substance ingested, inhaled or absorbed through skin ...
... • Dosage: Amount of substance ingested, inhaled or absorbed through skin ...
MECHANISMS OF ACUTE TOXICITY An exhaustive review of the
... action of the insecticide DDTresulting in its acute toxicity is the inhibition of these Na+K+ ATPases resulting in theinability of the nerve to establish an action potential. Pyrethroid insecticides also elicit neurotoxicity through this mechanism. DDT also inhibits Ca2+Mg2+ ATPases, whichare import ...
... action of the insecticide DDTresulting in its acute toxicity is the inhibition of these Na+K+ ATPases resulting in theinability of the nerve to establish an action potential. Pyrethroid insecticides also elicit neurotoxicity through this mechanism. DDT also inhibits Ca2+Mg2+ ATPases, whichare import ...
Biological effects of contaminants: Cholinesterase inhibition by
... and death. It should be pointed out that there is another type of cholinesterase family in addition to AChE, namely, butyrylcholinesterases. AChE has the highest specificity for ACh of any other choline ester and butyrylcholinesterase has the highest specificity for butyrylcholine. AChE is commonly ...
... and death. It should be pointed out that there is another type of cholinesterase family in addition to AChE, namely, butyrylcholinesterases. AChE has the highest specificity for ACh of any other choline ester and butyrylcholinesterase has the highest specificity for butyrylcholine. AChE is commonly ...
Organophosphates
... system carries out involuntary functions (mucus secretion, peristalsis); voluntary nervous system handles functions under conscious control. b) by neurotransmitter (below). Transmission of nerve impulses: Stimulation of neuron ---> electric impulse travels along axon. Between cells (nerve/nerve, ner ...
... system carries out involuntary functions (mucus secretion, peristalsis); voluntary nervous system handles functions under conscious control. b) by neurotransmitter (below). Transmission of nerve impulses: Stimulation of neuron ---> electric impulse travels along axon. Between cells (nerve/nerve, ner ...
Insecticides: Cholinesterase Inhibitors
... When there is loss of one of the two alkyl (R) groups, the enzyme-inhibitor complex has "aged“ and reactivation of phosphorylated AChE does not occur ...
... When there is loss of one of the two alkyl (R) groups, the enzyme-inhibitor complex has "aged“ and reactivation of phosphorylated AChE does not occur ...
TOXICOLOGY
... • IRON: used as prenatal supplements and also for the treatment of anemias • s/s of iron poisoning: severe GI distress leading to necrotizing gastroenteritis with hematemesis and bloody diarrhea, dyspnea, shock, coma • Antidotes: deferoxamine IV, phlebotomy ...
... • IRON: used as prenatal supplements and also for the treatment of anemias • s/s of iron poisoning: severe GI distress leading to necrotizing gastroenteritis with hematemesis and bloody diarrhea, dyspnea, shock, coma • Antidotes: deferoxamine IV, phlebotomy ...
lecture text - UNC
... use and organism killed (insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, fungicides, etc.). The insecticide is the largest and most prominent class. All of the chemical insecticides in use today are neuro-toxicants and act by poisoning the nervous system of the insect. The central nervous system (CNS) of in ...
... use and organism killed (insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, fungicides, etc.). The insecticide is the largest and most prominent class. All of the chemical insecticides in use today are neuro-toxicants and act by poisoning the nervous system of the insect. The central nervous system (CNS) of in ...
The Effect of Pesticides on Cholinesterase Activity by Using Fish as
... and pathogens, that bioaccumulate in marine organisms, may cause toxicity to fish, handlers and eventually mankind as the ultimate consumer [72-74]. In order to monitor environmental contamination, stress indicators at cellular and tissue levels have been developed in fish and other aquatic organism ...
... and pathogens, that bioaccumulate in marine organisms, may cause toxicity to fish, handlers and eventually mankind as the ultimate consumer [72-74]. In order to monitor environmental contamination, stress indicators at cellular and tissue levels have been developed in fish and other aquatic organism ...
TOXICOLOGICAL HIGHLIGHT Organophosphates, Serine Esterase
... group of the esterase or protease. Thus during this phosphorylation reaction, the organophosphate molecule is destroyed through stoichiometric reaction with the enzyme. The inhibition from organophosphates is persistent, lasting hours to days, and potentially may not be reversible if a nonenzymatica ...
... group of the esterase or protease. Thus during this phosphorylation reaction, the organophosphate molecule is destroyed through stoichiometric reaction with the enzyme. The inhibition from organophosphates is persistent, lasting hours to days, and potentially may not be reversible if a nonenzymatica ...
Azinphos-methyl
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion) (also spelled azinophos-methyl) is a broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide manufactured by Bayer CropScience, Gowan Co., and Makhteshim Agan. Like other pesticides in this class, it owes its insecticidal properties (and human toxicity) to the fact that it is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.