that provides the scientific rationale for sample return from asteroids
... Short-period comets are enigmatic primitive objects, originating more than an order of magnitude farther from the Sun than asteroids and making only brief transits to the inner Solar System. It is the fact that these comets formed so far from the Sun (> 40 AU) that accounts for their great scientifi ...
... Short-period comets are enigmatic primitive objects, originating more than an order of magnitude farther from the Sun than asteroids and making only brief transits to the inner Solar System. It is the fact that these comets formed so far from the Sun (> 40 AU) that accounts for their great scientifi ...
DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE OORT CLOUD Paul R
... The existence of a massive inner Oort cloud has been suggested for a number of other reasons. Shoemaker and Wolfe (1984) believe that planetesimals scattered out of the Uranus-Neptune zone would form such an inner cloud and account for the late heavy bombardment of the terrestrial planets and Jovian ...
... The existence of a massive inner Oort cloud has been suggested for a number of other reasons. Shoemaker and Wolfe (1984) believe that planetesimals scattered out of the Uranus-Neptune zone would form such an inner cloud and account for the late heavy bombardment of the terrestrial planets and Jovian ...
Prediction of evolution of meteor shower associated with comet
... 4. Conclusions It appears that comet 122P/de Vico could associate a meteor shower observable on the Earth only if its meteoroids were able to survive an extremely long period (55 millenia) orbiting the Sun. It means that it would be rather a shower of boulders than small meteoroid particles. The orb ...
... 4. Conclusions It appears that comet 122P/de Vico could associate a meteor shower observable on the Earth only if its meteoroids were able to survive an extremely long period (55 millenia) orbiting the Sun. It means that it would be rather a shower of boulders than small meteoroid particles. The orb ...
Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and
... • Not a gas giant like other outer planets • Has an icy composition like a comet • Has a very elliptical, inclined orbit • Has more in common with comets than with the eight major planets ...
... • Not a gas giant like other outer planets • Has an icy composition like a comet • Has a very elliptical, inclined orbit • Has more in common with comets than with the eight major planets ...
Asteroids, Meteors, Comets
... • Are the asteroids a planet that was somehow destroyed? • How far apart are the asteroids on average? • Why do comets have tails? • In which direction does a comet tail point? • What is a shooting star? ...
... • Are the asteroids a planet that was somehow destroyed? • How far apart are the asteroids on average? • Why do comets have tails? • In which direction does a comet tail point? • What is a shooting star? ...
Halley`s Comet Project Calculus III
... In 1705 Edmnnd Halley predicted, using Newton’s newly formulated laws of motion, that the comets seen in 1531, 1607, and 1682 are all the same comet and would return in 1758 (which was, alas, after his death). The comet did indeed return as predicted and was later named in his honor. The average per ...
... In 1705 Edmnnd Halley predicted, using Newton’s newly formulated laws of motion, that the comets seen in 1531, 1607, and 1682 are all the same comet and would return in 1758 (which was, alas, after his death). The comet did indeed return as predicted and was later named in his honor. The average per ...
THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF COMETS TO
... in the early solar nebula. Ever since Whipple’s epochal study of the problem (Whipple 1950), it has become clear that a traditional comet is actually an ice-rich small body called the nucleus that has wandered close enough to the Sun to produce a coma and tail by sublimation. Millions if not billion ...
... in the early solar nebula. Ever since Whipple’s epochal study of the problem (Whipple 1950), it has become clear that a traditional comet is actually an ice-rich small body called the nucleus that has wandered close enough to the Sun to produce a coma and tail by sublimation. Millions if not billion ...
The Kuiper Belt - UCLA - Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences
... belt share a number of characteristics. They are, for example, all located beyond the orbit of Neptune, suggesting that the inner edge of the belt may be defined by this planet. All these newly found celestial bodies travel in orbits that are only slightly tilted from the ecliptic—an observation con ...
... belt share a number of characteristics. They are, for example, all located beyond the orbit of Neptune, suggesting that the inner edge of the belt may be defined by this planet. All these newly found celestial bodies travel in orbits that are only slightly tilted from the ecliptic—an observation con ...
as PDF - Minnesota Academy of Science
... thirty miles in diameter,. and the tail was fifty-one millions of_ miles long, and covered an angular space of sixty degrees in the heavens. Why, that nebulous monster could have coiled himself •w~ thousand times around this earth, and still had enough of its tairleft to elevate its h~ a thousand mi ...
... thirty miles in diameter,. and the tail was fifty-one millions of_ miles long, and covered an angular space of sixty degrees in the heavens. Why, that nebulous monster could have coiled himself •w~ thousand times around this earth, and still had enough of its tairleft to elevate its h~ a thousand mi ...
PPT
... • 150,000 catalogued, as many as grains of sand on the beach • Size - few km typical, 1000 km largest (half Pluto) • Density - 2 - 3 gm/cm3 • Note: About as expected for rock in low gravity • Shape - Irregular because of low mass => low gravity ...
... • 150,000 catalogued, as many as grains of sand on the beach • Size - few km typical, 1000 km largest (half Pluto) • Density - 2 - 3 gm/cm3 • Note: About as expected for rock in low gravity • Shape - Irregular because of low mass => low gravity ...
here - ScienceA2Z.com
... are too small to be seen from the Earth. There are 26 known asteroids larger than 200 km in diameter. Our census of the largest ones is now fairly complete: we probably know 99% of the asteroids larger than 100 km in diameter. Of those in the 10 to 100 km range we have cataloged about half. But we k ...
... are too small to be seen from the Earth. There are 26 known asteroids larger than 200 km in diameter. Our census of the largest ones is now fairly complete: we probably know 99% of the asteroids larger than 100 km in diameter. Of those in the 10 to 100 km range we have cataloged about half. But we k ...
Etymology - Link Observatory
... rock, dust, water ice, and frozen gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and ammonia. As such, they are popularly described as "dirty snowballs" after Fred Whipple's model. However, some comets may have a higher dust content, leading them to be called "icy dirtballs". The surface of ...
... rock, dust, water ice, and frozen gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and ammonia. As such, they are popularly described as "dirty snowballs" after Fred Whipple's model. However, some comets may have a higher dust content, leading them to be called "icy dirtballs". The surface of ...
Seminar Outburst of Comet 17P/Holmes
... few tenths to a few tens of kilometers [2]. When comet approaches the inner Solar system, solar radiation causes evaporation of ice and frozen gases, which begin to stream from the nucleus together with dust and rocky particles. Material ejected from the nucleus forms sparse atmosphere which is call ...
... few tenths to a few tens of kilometers [2]. When comet approaches the inner Solar system, solar radiation causes evaporation of ice and frozen gases, which begin to stream from the nucleus together with dust and rocky particles. Material ejected from the nucleus forms sparse atmosphere which is call ...
Probabilities of Collisions of Migrating Bodies and Dust Particles
... The larger value of P for Earth we have calculated compared to those argued by Morbidelli et al. [2000] (P (1-3)10-6) and Levison et al. [2001] (P = 410-7 ) is caused by the fact that in our runs we considered a larger number of Jupiter-crossing objects and the main portion of the probability of ...
... The larger value of P for Earth we have calculated compared to those argued by Morbidelli et al. [2000] (P (1-3)10-6) and Levison et al. [2001] (P = 410-7 ) is caused by the fact that in our runs we considered a larger number of Jupiter-crossing objects and the main portion of the probability of ...
comets
... (r = q ) is vorb.perih. = 42.4253 km/s. Local escape velocity at 1 AU is vorb.local = 42.4264 km/s. ...
... (r = q ) is vorb.perih. = 42.4253 km/s. Local escape velocity at 1 AU is vorb.local = 42.4264 km/s. ...
10 - The Catholic University of America
... Jupiter's orbit was about 100 Earth masses, we obtained that the total mass of water delivered from the feeding zone of the giant planets to the Earth could be about the total mass of water in Earth's oceans. We supposed that the fraction of water in planetesimals equaled 0.5. The ratio of the mass ...
... Jupiter's orbit was about 100 Earth masses, we obtained that the total mass of water delivered from the feeding zone of the giant planets to the Earth could be about the total mass of water in Earth's oceans. We supposed that the fraction of water in planetesimals equaled 0.5. The ratio of the mass ...
PTYS/ASTR 206
... • Charon is the largest moon with respect to its primary planet in the Solar System (a distinction once held by Earth's Moon). • Some prefer to think of ...
... • Charon is the largest moon with respect to its primary planet in the Solar System (a distinction once held by Earth's Moon). • Some prefer to think of ...
An Argument for the Cometary Origin of the Biosphere
... In the late 196Os, Safronov demonstrated that in the final stages of their growth, the giant planets, especially Jupiter, tugged on the planetesimals in the outer parts of the solar system, sending them on hyperbolic trajectories into interstellar space. Since the planetesimals were ejected in rando ...
... In the late 196Os, Safronov demonstrated that in the final stages of their growth, the giant planets, especially Jupiter, tugged on the planetesimals in the outer parts of the solar system, sending them on hyperbolic trajectories into interstellar space. Since the planetesimals were ejected in rando ...
the probabilities of collisions
... The larger value of P for Earth we have calculated compared to those argued by Morbidelli et al. [2000] (P (1-3)10-6) and Levison et al. [2001] (P = 410-7 ) is caused by the fact that in our runs we considered a larger number of Jupiter-crossing objects and the main portion of the probability of ...
... The larger value of P for Earth we have calculated compared to those argued by Morbidelli et al. [2000] (P (1-3)10-6) and Levison et al. [2001] (P = 410-7 ) is caused by the fact that in our runs we considered a larger number of Jupiter-crossing objects and the main portion of the probability of ...
Dirty Snowballs - Amazon Web Services
... predicted. Sightings that were once believed to be different comets, turned out to be sightings of returning comets. Edmund Halley was, at first, surprised to see significant similarities in comets seen in 1531, 1607, and 1682. Careful study helped him realize those were sightings of the same comet ...
... predicted. Sightings that were once believed to be different comets, turned out to be sightings of returning comets. Edmund Halley was, at first, surprised to see significant similarities in comets seen in 1531, 1607, and 1682. Careful study helped him realize those were sightings of the same comet ...
Asteroids, Comets, and Pluto: The Small Pieces
... them to discover the composition of objects found deep in space. Pluto is a solar system oddity. The other eight planets are divided into either rocky planets or gas giants. Pluto is a tiny sphere of rock and ice. It is the smallest of the planets and has an elliptical orbit. Other planets have a c ...
... them to discover the composition of objects found deep in space. Pluto is a solar system oddity. The other eight planets are divided into either rocky planets or gas giants. Pluto is a tiny sphere of rock and ice. It is the smallest of the planets and has an elliptical orbit. Other planets have a c ...
ASTR 330: The Solar System - University of Maryland
... of rock and dust containing some volatile gases trapped inside. • The problem was: to match the measured amount of gas released, the comet had to be very large! • An alternative theory was proposed by Fred Whipple in 1950: a ‘dirty snowball’ that was about equal parts of silicate and ices, evenly mi ...
... of rock and dust containing some volatile gases trapped inside. • The problem was: to match the measured amount of gas released, the comet had to be very large! • An alternative theory was proposed by Fred Whipple in 1950: a ‘dirty snowball’ that was about equal parts of silicate and ices, evenly mi ...
October 2013 - Skyscrapers, Inc.
... of perhaps several trillions of comets encompassing our solar system and extending up to 465 billion miles from the Sun. Comets are leftover material from the creation of the solar system 4.6 billion years ago. They are irregularly shaped objects, estimated to range in size from several hundred feet ...
... of perhaps several trillions of comets encompassing our solar system and extending up to 465 billion miles from the Sun. Comets are leftover material from the creation of the solar system 4.6 billion years ago. They are irregularly shaped objects, estimated to range in size from several hundred feet ...
a PDF file - National Optical Astronomy Observatory
... After several hours, the comet will become a crater-filled ice ball as the more volatile carbon dioxide sublimates before the water ice melts. Real comets are also depleted by sublimation each time they come near the Sun. Ultimately, old comets may break into several pieces or even completely disint ...
... After several hours, the comet will become a crater-filled ice ball as the more volatile carbon dioxide sublimates before the water ice melts. Real comets are also depleted by sublimation each time they come near the Sun. Ultimately, old comets may break into several pieces or even completely disint ...
Family Space Day Overview - Comets
... Close the garbage bag around the comet and shape it into a ball. Carefully remove the comet ball and place it in the pie pan or tray. What to do for the Demonstration: Holding the flashlight and hairdryer “Sun” (on low or cool setting) next to each other, point them toward the comet model from about ...
... Close the garbage bag around the comet and shape it into a ball. Carefully remove the comet ball and place it in the pie pan or tray. What to do for the Demonstration: Holding the flashlight and hairdryer “Sun” (on low or cool setting) next to each other, point them toward the comet model from about ...
Comet
A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, heats up and begins to outgas, displaying a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind upon the nucleus of the comet. Comet nuclei range from a few hundred metres to tens of kilometres across and are composed of loose collections of ice, dust, and small rocky particles. The coma and tail are much larger and, if sufficiently bright, may be seen from the Earth without the aid of a telescope. Comets have been observed and recorded since ancient times by many cultures.Comets have a wide range of orbital periods, ranging from several years to potentially several millions of years. Short-period comets originate in the Kuiper belt or its associated scattered disc, which lie beyond the orbit of Neptune. Long-period comets are thought to originate in the Oort cloud, a spherical cloud of icy bodies extending from outside the Kuiper belt to halfway to the next nearest star. Long-period comets are directed towards the Sun from the Oort cloud by gravitational perturbations caused by passing stars and the galactic tide. Hyperbolic comets may pass once through the inner Solar System before being flung out to interstellar space.Comets are distinguished from asteroids by the presence of an extended, gravitationally unbound atmosphere surrounding their central nucleus. This atmosphere has parts termed the coma (the central part immediately surrounding the nucleus) and the tail (a typically linear section consisting of dust or gas blown out from the coma by the Sun's light pressure or outstreaming solar wind plasma). However, extinct comets that have passed close to the Sun many times have lost nearly all of their volatile ices and dust and may come to resemble small asteroids. Asteroids are thought to have a different origin from comets, having formed inside the orbit of Jupiter rather than in the outer Solar System. The discovery of main-belt comets and active centaurs has blurred the distinction between asteroids and comets.As of November 2014 there are 5,253 known comets, a number that is steadily increasing. However, this represents only a tiny fraction of the total potential comet population, as the reservoir of comet-like bodies in the outer Solar System (in the Oort cloud) is estimated to be one trillion. Roughly one comet per year is visible to the naked eye, though many of these are faint and unspectacular. Particularly bright examples are called ""Great Comets"". Comets have been visited by unmanned probes such as the European Space Agency's Rosetta, which became the first ever to land a robotic spacecraft on a comet, and NASA's Deep Impact, which blasted a crater on Comet Tempel 1 to study its interior.