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Identification of an antibacterial protein by functional screening of a
Identification of an antibacterial protein by functional screening of a

... Metagenomics allows access to the genetic potential of whole microbial communities in an environmental sample (Mullany, 2014) and has allowed the isolation of novel antimicrobial products, for example, investigation of the microbial communities associated with the marine sponge, Cymbastela concentri ...
Cloning GFP into Mammalian cells
Cloning GFP into Mammalian cells

... human cells emit green fluorescent light. This is done by using the gene of green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jellyfish. We have prepared the gene for you to work with, consisting of a double stranded piece of DNA. You will also receive a flask of living mammalian cells. In order to get the gene ...
apch22.ppt
apch22.ppt

... Lymphocytes B-Cells provide humoral immunity (antibodies) activated in bone marrow ...
Transposons
Transposons

... Mu integrates by transposition replicates when E. coli replicates During the lysogenic cycle, Mu remains integrated in E. coli chromosome ...
Widespread and nonrandom distribution of DNA
Widespread and nonrandom distribution of DNA

... in the Colo320DM sample than in the common baseline samples (Supplementary Table 1 online). Validating the technique, MYC was GAPF-positive on the array, as confirmed using the same Southern-blot–based approach that was originally used to show its palindromic structure15 (Supplementary Fig. 1 online ...
Principles of Virology
Principles of Virology

... Key terms and questions What is an ori and what are it´s functions? What are the functions of T antigen during the SV40 infectious cycle? How are circular replicating viral genomes separated? What is a permissive and non-permissive cell/infection? A papilloma virus enters a cell and does not produce ...
Immune System: An Overview
Immune System: An Overview

... infectious disease. There are two types of nonspecific immunity, external and internal defense. The external defense consists of the skin and mucous membranes that cover the body. The second line of defense is internal, consisting of antimicrobial proteins and phagocytic cells that indiscriminately ...
molecular biology
molecular biology

... If an enzyme is a 4 base cutter, the average chance of having its site in a totally random DNA will be 1/44 = once in every 256 base pairs. Similarly for a 6 base cutter the probability will be 1/46 = once in every 4096 base pairs. However, if the recognition sequence does not have all the four base ...
IMMUNITY TO PARASITIC AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS
IMMUNITY TO PARASITIC AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS

... • Give C57BL/6 mice anti-IFN-" antibody – Binds up all IFN-" so it cannot activate M! – No TH1 response to downreg TH2 response – Mice die Copyright 2004 ASM press ...
37_Hypersensitivity BA
37_Hypersensitivity BA

... inflammation or by directly killing target cells ...
Module 4 : Mechanism of immune response
Module 4 : Mechanism of immune response

... During the signal transduction the first step is the binding of cytokines to its receptors. Once the binding occurs, the receptor transmits a signal to the cell to alter its behavior. This phenomenon involving conversion of an extracellular signal into a series of intracellular events is called sign ...
Immune Phenomena in Echinoderms
Immune Phenomena in Echinoderms

... Marie Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland ...
Comparison of the Organophosphorus Hydrolase Surface Display
Comparison of the Organophosphorus Hydrolase Surface Display

... an ultracentrifuge. For further outer membrane fractionation, the pellet (total membrane fraction) was resuspended with PBS buffer containing 0.01 mM MgCl2 and 2% Triton X-100 and was incubated for 30 min at room temperature, thus solubilizing the inner membrane, and then the outer membrane fraction ...
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Beyond Antibodies
Beyond Antibodies

PNI_Fabi_Tatone_Dec2006
PNI_Fabi_Tatone_Dec2006

... The two pathways connecting these systems are primarily the autonomic nervous system and the HPA axis, and these communicate via chemical messengers from nerve cells, endocrine organs, and immune cells. Although most research has focused on how the sympathetic nervous system and HPA axis affect the ...
Review for Final
Review for Final

... 2) What are the polysaccharides cellulose, glycogen, and starch used for? 3) What makes each of the 20 amino acids unique? 4) How are ploypeptides and polysaccharides joined and broken? (be specific) 5) What do the  &  secondary structures look like? 6) Sketch a DNA & an RNA molecule? What is the ...
Question 1 _____/ 30 points Question 2 _____/ 20 points Question 3
Question 1 _____/ 30 points Question 2 _____/ 20 points Question 3

... In this mutant you can see target site duplication and simple inverted repeats so the mutation is most likely caused by (1) cut and paste transposition. Many students thought it might be retroviral insertion, however, the LTRs common to retroviruses are different from the inverted repeats common to ...
BASIC CONCEPTS IN IMMUNOLOGY (I)
BASIC CONCEPTS IN IMMUNOLOGY (I)

... It has a molecular mass of 154 kDa, based on two L chains of 22000 Da each and two H chains of 55000 each. The four subclasses of IgG differ in structure, relative concentration, and function. Production of IgG requires T-cell help. ...
Taq DNA Polymerase
Taq DNA Polymerase

... If required, prepare a dNTP mix containing 10 mM of each dNTP. Make sure to store this mix in aliquots at –20°C. Note: For convenient use , we also provide a dNTP Mix, 10 mM each (Cat. No. C01689), this dNTP mix contains stabilizers and can retain over 50% activity for one month even at 37°C ...
Chapter 12 Lymphatic System and Body Defenses
Chapter 12 Lymphatic System and Body Defenses

... Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Solution to Practice Exam 2
Solution to Practice Exam 2

... b) The PKA cDNA has the recognition site for restriction enzymes R and A as shown below. You want to clone PKA cDNA into the following ...
McCandless
McCandless

... $1644, 50% DISCOUNT AS PANEL = $822 PRE-PAID Blood Required, 2 yellow tops, 1 red top (10 cc in each tube) ...
B - Zanichelli
B - Zanichelli

... 2 In the lytic cycle the virus reproduces immediately, killing the host cell; in the lysogenic cycle the viral DNA is integrated into the cell’s genome and stays there for many replications until some conditions start a lytic cycle. 3 It usually happens when the host cell gets stressed or damage ...
Chapter 20
Chapter 20

... genes as well as many noncoding nucleotide sequences. • A scientist may only be interested in one small gene, so to work directly with specific genes, scientists prepare gene-sized pieces of DNA in identical copies, a process called DNA cloning ...
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DNA vaccination



DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting an animal against disease by injecting it with genetically engineered DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, resulting in a protective immunological response. Several DNA vaccines have been released for veterinary use, and there has been promising research using the vaccines for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases, as well as to several tumour types. Although only one DNA vaccine has been approved for human use, DNA vaccines may have a number of potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types.
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