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A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation
A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation

... therefore as secondary or derived. By contrast, semiotically inclined social scientists, most particularly anthropologists, regard culture as the preeminent site of structure. In typical anthropological usage, the term structure is assumed to refer to the realm of culture, except when it is modified ...
BRANCHES OF ANTHROPOLOGY
BRANCHES OF ANTHROPOLOGY

... It also attempts to reconstruct the link between the human and non-human traits that had so long been lost. They evaluate the fossil remains found from different sites and establish their status and evolutionary significance. e) Human Genetics: Genetics deals with the inherited characters. There is ...
What is Anthropology
What is Anthropology

... Anthropology at UTEP has two focuses. Archaeologists study the human past by excavating, documenting objects, surveying physical remains, and collaborating with communities to preserve their cultural heritage. An archaeologist might uncover a stone knife and carved bones, and so discover the tools p ...
PDF 7.7MajorContributions
PDF 7.7MajorContributions

... contemporary society retained certain elements (‘traits’) that have now lost their purpose, but still continue to survive. It is their study that can illuminate our understanding of the past. Among the many examples that Tylor gave was one of clothing. The items of clothing that were functional earl ...
The Inventiveness of a Tradition: Structural Anthropology in the
The Inventiveness of a Tradition: Structural Anthropology in the

... Various forms of “afterology” (postmodernism, postcolonialism, etc.), he states, assume morally appropriate attitudes with respect to colonialism or racism, for example, but instead of facilitating the understanding of other cultures would rather make “cultural logics disappear” (ibid.: 406). Althou ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

... of the individuals with accuracies of over 87%. 3. Based on a series of skeletal anomalies on a female skeleton, Ms. Cook argues that this individual suffered from a rare genetic syndrome called Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome. F. Linguistic anthropology is the study of language in its social and cultural ...
Historical anthropology and anthropological his- tory
Historical anthropology and anthropological his- tory

... the village as their material object, he says, and not merely as a methodological device for scale reduction.5 Another participant in the movement of historical anthropology, however, Giovanni Levi, recently summoned Geertz’s dictum again in support of small-scale study. Scale reduction, he argues, ...
Beyond Sontag as a reader of Lévi-Strauss: `anthropologist as hero
Beyond Sontag as a reader of Lévi-Strauss: `anthropologist as hero

... To a large extent, this may still be how the practice of anthropology is viewed from outside the discipline. Yet, as anthropologists increasingly study groups that are not necessarily ‘non-Western’ or located abroad, as they study elites or their own societies, or celebrate their intervention into s ...
What is Humanistic Anthropology?
What is Humanistic Anthropology?

... scholarly society: The Society on Anthropology and Humanism. The first Anthropology and Humanism Newsletter was published in April 1976. The newsletter (which later became a journal) was a space for debating and defining the concept of humanism within anthropology, and more importantly, the relation ...
The Concept of Structure in Social Sciences
The Concept of Structure in Social Sciences

... of structure as an external restrictive environment for agency/actor once more manifests itself. However, in this definition, unlike the previous definition, the Durkheimian approach, which argues that social facts must be explained by social facts is determinant and the explanations made taking as ...
What is Anthropology? What is Anthropology? Adaptation, Variation
What is Anthropology? What is Anthropology? Adaptation, Variation

... Through time, social and cultural means of adaptation have become increasingly important for human groups. Human groups have devised diverse ways of coping with a wide range of environments. The rate of this cultural adaptation has been rapidly accelerating during the last 10,000 years. Food product ...
An interview with Naoki Kasuga
An interview with Naoki Kasuga

... literary criticism, which, however, seemed always to produce the same results. On the one hand, ethnographies nourished literary critics, who used them as materials on which to apply their own tools. On the other hand, anthropologists learned from literary critique to become increasingly reflexive a ...
what is anthropology?
what is anthropology?

... • Encountered a wide range of peoples who were physically and behaviorally different ...
Claude Lévi-Strauss, Chiasmus and the Ethnographic Journey
Claude Lévi-Strauss, Chiasmus and the Ethnographic Journey

... Chiasmic logic also plays an important part in the theory of ritual that Lévi-Strauss develops in The Savage Mind (it is worth noting that this is a very different theory to the one he later develops in L’Homme nu). He construes the nature and function of a ritual essentially as an inverted game. He ...
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 1

... How do paleoanthropologists’ concerns with adaptation to environment and human evolution influence our understanding of what it means to be human? ...
HCCKotreview12006
HCCKotreview12006

... 13. The AAA code is only a ________, not an ironclad formula, for making decisions. 14. The AAA code can be summarized as the Anthropologist being responsible to the people, species and materials that they study. 15. According to Stephen the _______ is inclusive of the home because of relations betw ...
Contents - Uni Kassel
Contents - Uni Kassel

... Furthermore, Saussure postulates that a sign achieves its meaning only through its relations to other signs. Each term indicates what it does only through the differences with other terms (Wittgenstein 1953: #73-#76). For example, the meaning of the term “father” is given only in relation to the mea ...
Department of Anthropology
Department of Anthropology

... symbolism (McLaren 1985). Turner's approach to symbols was very different from that of Geertz. Turner was not interested in symbols as vehicles of "culture" as Geertz was but instead investigated symbols as "operators in the social process" (Ortner 1983:131) believing that "the symbolic expression o ...
What Is Anthropology?
What Is Anthropology?

... The study and analysis of different cultures from a comparative or historical point of view, utilizing ethnographic accounts and developing anthropological theories that help explain why certain important differences or similarities occur among groups. ...
Anthropology Course Offerings – Fall 2012 ANTH
Anthropology Course Offerings – Fall 2012 ANTH

... applied anthropology, appropriate to individual career goals. The student will work with an approved community group or organization in a specific project that facilitates the integration of previous course work and experience in a practical application. May not be repeated for more than 6 credit ho ...
Chapter 1
Chapter 1

... Anthropology asks unique questions about humanity, such as the range of diversity, the causes of diversity, the changes in diversity over time, the relation between different aspects of this diversity, and, in the modern world, the relation between different cultures and societies. ...
Introduction to Cultural Anthropology II
Introduction to Cultural Anthropology II

... The seminar aims to give a general introduction to cultural anthropology based on, and completing, the curriculum of last term’s Introduction to Cultural Anthropology I. The range of issues covered will be examined and discussed through the designated material. Students are required to read one arti ...
RE - SMU
RE - SMU

... topics; and (e) the overall impact of the selected three topics on the development of anthropological theory/method in Europe and/or the United States. 15. In cultural anthropology between 1920 and 1960 there were four broad ways to conceive of culture: cultures as adaptive systems, cultures as cogn ...
LEACH, EDMUND Early Life and Introduction to Anthropology
LEACH, EDMUND Early Life and Introduction to Anthropology

... from his teachers’ functionalism, urging anthropologists to abandon their taxonomies of cultural systems in favor of organizing the ideas that underlie patterns of action and thought in societies. This turn was accelerated by two felicitous encounters, one with the polymath-anthropologist Gregory Ba ...
What Is Anthropology?
What Is Anthropology?

... Anthropology as a distinct field of study developed relatively recently. The encounter with other peoples began 500 years ago as Europeans sought to extend their trade and political domination to all parts of the world focused attention on human differences. Europeans gradually came to recognize tha ...
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Structuralism

In sociology, anthropology and linguistics, structuralism is the theory that elements of human culture must be understood in terms of their relationship to a larger, overarching system or structure. It works to uncover the structures that underlie all the things that humans do, think, perceive, and feel. Alternatively, as summarized by philosopher Simon Blackburn, structuralism is ""the belief that phenomena of human life are not intelligible except through their interrelations. These relations constitute a structure, and behind local variations in the surface phenomena there are constant laws of abstract culture"".Structuralism in Europe developed in the early 1900s, in the structural linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and the subsequent Prague, Moscow and Copenhagen schools of linguistics. In the late 1950s and early '60s, when structural linguistics was facing serious challenges from the likes of Noam Chomsky and thus fading in importance, an array of scholars in the humanities borrowed Saussure's concepts for use in their respective fields of study. French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss was arguably the first such scholar, sparking a widespread interest in Structuralism.The structuralist mode of reasoning has been applied in a diverse range of fields, including anthropology, sociology, psychology, literary criticism, economics and architecture. The most prominent thinkers associated with structuralism include Lévi-Strauss, linguist Roman Jakobson, and psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan. As an intellectual movement, structuralism was initially presumed to be the heir apparent to existentialism. However, by the late 1960s, many of structuralism's basic tenets came under attack from a new wave of predominantly French intellectuals such as the philosopher and historian Michel Foucault, the philosopher and social commentator Jacques Derrida, the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, and the literary critic Roland Barthes. Though elements of their work necessarily relate to structuralism and are informed by it, these theorists have generally been referred to as post-structuralists.In the 1970s, structuralism was criticised for its rigidity and ahistoricism. Despite this, many of structuralism's proponents, such as Jacques Lacan, continue to assert an influence on continental philosophy and many of the fundamental assumptions of some of structuralism's post-structuralist critics are a continuation of structuralism.
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