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Save PDF - Greens/EFA
Save PDF - Greens/EFA

... underlying rock come to life. The crust and mantle bounce back, immediately as well as over thousand of years. According to studies of prehistoric and recent earthquakes and volcanoes, that "isostatic rebound" can make the planet's seismic plates slip catastrophically and cause also volcanic eruptio ...
Glaciers - Firelands Local Schools
Glaciers - Firelands Local Schools

... 1. Ice age: long period of climatic cooling during which continents are glaciated repeatedly a. There have been several ice ages in Earth’s history; most recent began about 4 mya 2. An ice age consists of several glacial & interglacial periods a. In a glacial period, climate is cooler & glaciers adv ...
Long-Term and Short-Term Changes in Climate
Long-Term and Short-Term Changes in Climate

... • Long term cycles (over tens and hundreds of thousands of years) occur alternating between ice ages and warmer interglacial periods • Theories on why the climate changes: ▫ Shape of the orbit changes over time ▫ Earth’s tilt changes and wobbles ...
A Brief Look at Earth`s History
A Brief Look at Earth`s History

... Climate was much warmer than today. Shallow seas covered much of North America. Atlantic Ocean formed. North America and Africa moved apart. Pangaea began to break up. Land became drier. Basins were larger so water drained into them. Ural and Appalachian Mountains formed. Continents moved together, ...
Question of Glaciation
Question of Glaciation

... The grey materials form part of a lateral moraine which has been deposited at the side of the glacier. The moraine comprises angular, unsorted material of varying size. It is recently deposited as no vegetation has yet begun to colonise it. Notice how the valley side above the moraine is vegetated. ...
The Ice Age - K5 Learning
The Ice Age - K5 Learning

... amount of continental and oceanic crust on the Earth’s surface, which in turn affects wind and ocean currents which may also be a cause of the ice age. • There is a theory about the impact of relatively large meteorites and another theory that volcanism, eruptions of super volcanoes, was a cause. • ...
Chapter 20
Chapter 20

... Glacial ice had a major impact on the landscapes of midlatitude and subarctic regions during the past Ice Age and still covers many high latitude and high elevation areas of the Earth.  Glaciers are natural bodies of land ice that have, or have had in the past, the ability to flow. They form where ...
Volcanoes - BSHGCSEgeography
Volcanoes - BSHGCSEgeography

... ages broken by short warm periods called interglacials. • The cycle is driven by Milankovitch cycles. Long term changes in the Earth's orbit trigger an initial warming which warms the oceans and melts ice sheets - this releases CO2. • The extra CO2 in the atmosphere causes further warming leading to ...
Earth Science, 10th edition Chapter 5: Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind I
Earth Science, 10th edition Chapter 5: Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind I

... H. Glaciers of the past 1. Ice Age a. Began 2 to 3 million years ago b. Division of geological time is called the Pleistocene epoch c. Ice covered 30% of Earth's land area 2. Indirect effects of Ice Age glaciers a. Migration of animals and plants b. Rebounding upward of the crust c. Worldwide change ...
Sea Level Change and Climate - University of Hawaii at Hilo
Sea Level Change and Climate - University of Hawaii at Hilo

... Positive values have more 18O and negative values have less 18O than normal seawater When glaciers form, more 16O is stored in glaciers, and more 18O is stored in the ocean, so when we measure the shells of organisms that make their shells from seawater, + values indicate that it is colder and there ...
now and ice cores from antarctica , greenland and high altitude
now and ice cores from antarctica , greenland and high altitude

... Examples of some of the most interesting results obtained so far will then be presented , with special emphasis on the history of atmospheric pollution for heavy metals from the Antiquity to present , and the reconstruction of past changes of climate and greenhouse gases during the last glacial-inte ...
Long and Short-term Changes in Climate
Long and Short-term Changes in Climate

... Long-term and Short-term Changes in Climate (pp. 348-352) Terms and Concepts: plate tectonics, continental drift, ice age, interglacial period, Milankovitch Cycles ...
200 million years have elapsed since the youngest rocks were
200 million years have elapsed since the youngest rocks were

... a major part in shaping these valleys and creating the landforms we see today. Over the last 2.6 million years the Earth has been experiencing an Ice Age with fluctuations between hot and cold conditions affecting our latitudes. During cold periods, successive ice sheets and glaciers covered the Lak ...
History of Climate Change
History of Climate Change

... 1. Changes in solar luminosity - Our young sun shone 25 – 30% less brightly than it does today. But, climate during early earth’s history was generally warmer than today. 2. The long-term carbon cycle Over long periods of time, the carbon cycle alters the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. ...
W&C Ch.4 Sec.3
W&C Ch.4 Sec.3

... Thickness of rings = how much precipitation in a place Each Ring = 1 year Trees live for many years. ...
History of Climate Change
History of Climate Change

... History of Climate Change  During earth’s history, climate has generally been warmer than it is today, but is periodically interrupted by short cooler periods.  Our climate today exists in one of those cooler periods. (last 2 million years) ...
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Quaternary glaciation



Quaternary glaciation, also known as the Pleistocene glaciation or the current ice age, refers to a series of glacial events separated by interglacial events during the Quaternary period from 2.58 Ma (million years ago) to present. During this period, ice sheets expanded, notably from out of Antarctica and Greenland, and fluctuating ice sheets occurred elsewhere (for example, the Laurentide ice sheet). The major effects of the ice age are erosion and deposition of material over large parts of the continents, modification of river systems, creation of millions of lakes, changes in sea level, development of pluvial lakes far from the ice margins, isostatic adjustment of the crust, and abnormal winds. It affects oceans, flooding, and biological communities. The ice sheets themselves, by raising the albedo, effect a major feedback on climate cooling.
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