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Gene Mapping
Gene Mapping

... Genetic Mapping • The map distance (cM) between two genes equals one half the average number of crossovers in that region per meiotic cell • The recombination frequency between two genes indicates how much recombination is actually observed in a particular experiment; it is a measure of recombinati ...
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CHAPTER 8 “BACTERIA” (P. 210)

... Smallpox - thought to be eradicated in ...
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MutaGEL® r-Vitamin D3

... VD3R. Amplificates of variing genotypes (start codon polymorphism) are characterized by subsequent specific restriction enzyme digestion. The rare variant (f, pathogen) possesses a restriction site for the specific endonuclease, whereas the major variant (F, protective) does not. The amplified produ ...
Use core knowledge to give reasons for genetic variation and change.
Use core knowledge to give reasons for genetic variation and change.

... Founder: development of a population from a small number of individuals with a limited gene pool. Causes/consequences of genetic drift, founder effect and the bottleneck effect in relation to genetic biodiversity. Use core knowledge to give E.g. different selection pressures produce a change in alle ...
BioH_Tour of the Cell
BioH_Tour of the Cell

... • Some cells, such as bacteria, can be as small as 1 x 10-6 (one-millionth) meters in diameter! In order to more conveniently express the size of such objects, “smaller” units must be used. The unit often used to express cell size is called the Micrometer (µm). One µm is equal to 1000 millimeters. • ...
dna replication
dna replication

... • Topoisomerase - helps with prevention of DNA strand twisting - ‘swivels’ – Two types • Type I - Break one strand only and then rejoin • Type II - Break both strands and then rejoin ...
CP Biology Chapter 8 Structure of DNA notes
CP Biology Chapter 8 Structure of DNA notes

... Transcription is the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA. Only a piece of DNA, or a gene, gets transcribed into RNA, not the whole strand of DNA. Just as DNA polymerases help with replication, an enzyme called RNA polymerase helps with transcription. Transcr ...
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LE Making Connections Pretest Student Version

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Lecture6-Chap4 Sept19 - Department Of Biological Sciences

... Figure 03.31: The Cre recombinase catalyzes a site-specific recombination between two identical lox sites, releasing the DNA between them. ...
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CST Review Study Guide Biochemistry (Unit 2) 1. What elements

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... (1) Two genes very close to each other so recombination between them would be very rare b) Multifactor (1) Looking at three or more genes at once 2. Method a) Create a A+ . . . B- . . . C- and a A- . . . B+ . . . C+ phage b) Double infect (1) Use phage that will not be replicated on its own, but nee ...
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PCB 6528 Exam – Organelle genomes and gene expression

... and/or environmental cues that are known to regulate the target gene. Based upon this knowledge, suggest a hypothesis about the nature of the retrograde signal, and how this retrograde regulation pathway might be adaptive for plant survival and/or reproductive success. ...
Topic # 7: Nucleic Acids
Topic # 7: Nucleic Acids

... 1. Gene expression is regulated by proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA 2. Some proteins are always necessary for the survival of an organism 3. These are expressed in an unregulated fashion 4. Other proteins need to be produced at certain times and in certain amounts so their expres ...
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... • Biologists generally clone a DNA fragment by linking it to other DNA fragments to create a recombinant molecule • The molecule is then introduced into a host cell, which will make many identical copies of it • DNA cloning is a key step in the study of genes that cause inherited genetic disorders a ...
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EOC Review Packet #2

... (PKU)which is caused by a recessive allele. People with this allele have a defective enzyme and cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine. This disease can result in mental retardation or death. Let “E” represent the normal enzyme. Also in humans in a condition called galactose intolerance or g ...
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B3 (Higher) Key Questions that will help you get the

... They are made of a long coiled molecule called DNA They carry coded information in the forms of genes which code for proteins The genetic code controls cell activity and characteristics of an organism Needed for growth Repair cells Watson and Crick Mitochondria is the site of respiration. This is th ...
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Using light to control protein transport from cell nucleus

... using light to turn certain functions in living cells on German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) working and off. To this end, light-sensitive proteins are in the field of optogenetics have now developed genetically modified and then introduced into such a tool. The researchers, under the direction of ...
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Genetic Engineering - Potato - CALS Projects Web

... 1. Only genes from closely related species are involved with traditional methods 2. Traditional methods mixes large sets of genes of mostly unknown function, as opposed to one or a few well-characterized genes with genetic engineering ...
HLA typing of renal patients and investigation of disease
HLA typing of renal patients and investigation of disease

... The polymerase chain reaction using sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) is a molecular typing technique that replicates genomic DNA extracted from intact nucleated leucocytes in an anti-coagulated peripheral blood sample. The tissue typing laboratory perform PCR-SSP as its main method of HLA typing ...
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... orders ranging from albinism to hemolytic anemia to some immunodeficiency diseases. X-ray, urine analysis (for excretion of abnormal amounts of certain accumulating precursors) and physical or mental examinations are often used for preliminary detection. However, enzyme assays of the blood or other ...
Membranes Reading Guide
Membranes Reading Guide

... of certain materials (waste, water, oxygen, nutrients, etc.) but not others, or at least some may pass more easily. It allows a cell to discriminate in its chemical exchanges with its environment. This is important to cells because it keeps them from spilling all their contents, keeping the bigger m ...
Genetic Markers and linkage mapping - genomics-lab
Genetic Markers and linkage mapping - genomics-lab

... shown was worked out from a comparison of beta-globin genes from many different organisms. For example, the nucleotide sequences of the gammaG and gammaA genes are much more similar to each other than either of them is to the adult beta gene. ...
CHAPTER 4, PART 2
CHAPTER 4, PART 2

... 1. Allmost all have coding sequences (exons) interrupted by noncoding sequences (introns) 2. After transcription, introns are removed and exons are joined accurately by splicing at evolutionarily conserved sequences. 3. Exon polarity (5`Æ3`) is retained after splicing 4. Protein domains coded by exo ...
CHAPTER 8 Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology
CHAPTER 8 Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology

... i. A DNA binding domain (BD) that binds directly to UASG. ii. An activation domain (AD) that helps RNA polymerase to bind the promoter and initiate transcription. c. The two-hybrid system uses two types of yeast expression plasmids: i. The sequence for Gal4 BD fused to a known protein sequence (X). ...
Genética Molecular em Medicina Transfusional
Genética Molecular em Medicina Transfusional

... • Quick, highly redundant – requires 7-9X coverage for sequencing reads of 500-750bp. This means that for the Human Genome of 3 billion bp, 21-27 billion bases need to be sequence to provide adequate fragment overlap. • Computationally intensive • Troubles with repetitive DNA • Original strategy of ...
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Vectors in gene therapy

Gene therapy utilizes the delivery of DNA into cells, which can be accomplished by several methods, summarized below. The two major classes of methods are those that use recombinant viruses (sometimes called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and those that use naked DNA or DNA complexes (non-viral methods).
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