DNA Structure and Function
... o DNA “cassettes,” or areas of silent and active expression, may perform recombination for long term inactivation. Example is HMRa and HMRα; though the S. Cerevisiae has three regions for determining mating type, but HMRa and HMRα are silent and act to repress each other and keep the MATa active t ...
... o DNA “cassettes,” or areas of silent and active expression, may perform recombination for long term inactivation. Example is HMRa and HMRα; though the S. Cerevisiae has three regions for determining mating type, but HMRa and HMRα are silent and act to repress each other and keep the MATa active t ...
(3.1.1.5a) Nucleic Acids
... of proteins. Proteins have to have a special shape in order to do their job. For example, proteins that serve as enzymes have to have their active site, the groove that the substrate fits in. That shape is determined by the order of the amino acids and the way their side chains cause them to coil up ...
... of proteins. Proteins have to have a special shape in order to do their job. For example, proteins that serve as enzymes have to have their active site, the groove that the substrate fits in. That shape is determined by the order of the amino acids and the way their side chains cause them to coil up ...
Genomes and SNPs in Malaria and Sickle Cell Anemia
... (Adenine), T (Thymine), G (Guanine), and C (Cytosine). DNA is transcribed into mRNA transcripts. U (Uracil) substitutes T in mRNA. mRNA translation machinery produces proteins. Proteins are made of amino acids. One amino acid is encoded by three nucleotides. Sequence Variation DNA sequence can diffe ...
... (Adenine), T (Thymine), G (Guanine), and C (Cytosine). DNA is transcribed into mRNA transcripts. U (Uracil) substitutes T in mRNA. mRNA translation machinery produces proteins. Proteins are made of amino acids. One amino acid is encoded by three nucleotides. Sequence Variation DNA sequence can diffe ...
Mutations
... and lost during mitosis and meiosis. Also occur when chromosomes break and rejoin incorrectly. – Deletion- when part of a chromosome is left out – Insertion- when a part of a chromatid breaks off and attaches to its sister chromatid – Inversion- takes place when a part of a chromosome breaks out and ...
... and lost during mitosis and meiosis. Also occur when chromosomes break and rejoin incorrectly. – Deletion- when part of a chromosome is left out – Insertion- when a part of a chromatid breaks off and attaches to its sister chromatid – Inversion- takes place when a part of a chromosome breaks out and ...
Epigenetics and Culture
... Genetics • DNA contains nucleotides which code for amino acids which eventually make a protein • Together, all of the nucleotides needed to make that protein together are a gene • Genes can be turned on or off depending on what type of cell it is and what the needs of that cell are ...
... Genetics • DNA contains nucleotides which code for amino acids which eventually make a protein • Together, all of the nucleotides needed to make that protein together are a gene • Genes can be turned on or off depending on what type of cell it is and what the needs of that cell are ...
Structure of promoter
... between level of expression of a gene and degree to which the –35 and –10 region agree with their consensus sequence ...
... between level of expression of a gene and degree to which the –35 and –10 region agree with their consensus sequence ...
CST Review Sheet 2 DNA and RNA 1. The unit to the right which
... The above sequence of DNA is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? a. 4 b. 8 c. 12 d. 20 Meiosis 1. A chromosome is made of _________________ wrapped tightly around __________________________. 2. How many chromosomes does a human gamete contain? ______ How many chromoso ...
... The above sequence of DNA is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? a. 4 b. 8 c. 12 d. 20 Meiosis 1. A chromosome is made of _________________ wrapped tightly around __________________________. 2. How many chromosomes does a human gamete contain? ______ How many chromoso ...
Gene Expression
... b. It has one circular DNA chromosome (4.6 million bp) constrained in loops (50-100) – called bacterial nucleoid c. At any one time, about 3% of genes are being transcribed. There are about 1000 genes in the chromosome d. How does the E. coli figure which genes to transcribe at any particular time? ...
... b. It has one circular DNA chromosome (4.6 million bp) constrained in loops (50-100) – called bacterial nucleoid c. At any one time, about 3% of genes are being transcribed. There are about 1000 genes in the chromosome d. How does the E. coli figure which genes to transcribe at any particular time? ...
unit4geneticsandadvancesingeneticsnotes
... • Traits coded by genes on the X chromosome – Females have 2 alleles – Males have 1 only – Men are more likely to express recessive X-linked traits because only 1 recessive allele is required for expression. ...
... • Traits coded by genes on the X chromosome – Females have 2 alleles – Males have 1 only – Men are more likely to express recessive X-linked traits because only 1 recessive allele is required for expression. ...
Protein Synthesis
... SUMMARY: 5 Steps of Protein Synthesis 1. Transcription: DNA makes RNA (in the nucleus) 2. RNA now becomes mRNA which will leave the nucleus (take the code to ribosome) 3. mRNA tells ribosomes what proteins to make 4. mRNA attaches to ribosome and forms a pattern (codon) to make a protein 5. tRNA in ...
... SUMMARY: 5 Steps of Protein Synthesis 1. Transcription: DNA makes RNA (in the nucleus) 2. RNA now becomes mRNA which will leave the nucleus (take the code to ribosome) 3. mRNA tells ribosomes what proteins to make 4. mRNA attaches to ribosome and forms a pattern (codon) to make a protein 5. tRNA in ...
Biotecnology
... • Comparative studies of genomes from related and widely divergent species provide information in many fields of biology • The more similar the nucleotide sequences between two species, the more closely related these species are in their ...
... • Comparative studies of genomes from related and widely divergent species provide information in many fields of biology • The more similar the nucleotide sequences between two species, the more closely related these species are in their ...
Unit 4
... lack in structures and most metabolic machinery found in cells. Most viruses are little more than aggregates of nucleic acids and proteins - genes packed in protein coats. 16. Describe the structure of a bacterial chromosome. The bacterial chromosome is a circular DNA molecule with few associated pr ...
... lack in structures and most metabolic machinery found in cells. Most viruses are little more than aggregates of nucleic acids and proteins - genes packed in protein coats. 16. Describe the structure of a bacterial chromosome. The bacterial chromosome is a circular DNA molecule with few associated pr ...
You Are What You Eat
... Mutagens and Carcinogens • Mutagens cause mutations in the DNA genome • Carcinogens increase the cancer rate in a given organism • Vast majority of carcinogens are mutagens • Not all mutagens are necessarily carcinogenic • Carcinogenesis analysis requires animal studies • Mutagens can be detected m ...
... Mutagens and Carcinogens • Mutagens cause mutations in the DNA genome • Carcinogens increase the cancer rate in a given organism • Vast majority of carcinogens are mutagens • Not all mutagens are necessarily carcinogenic • Carcinogenesis analysis requires animal studies • Mutagens can be detected m ...
genomic library
... of overlapping fragments, since not every site is cut • overlapping fragments insures that all sequences in the genome are cloned • overlapping fragments allows larger physical maps to be constructed as contiguous chromosomal regions (contigs) are put together from the sequence data • number of clon ...
... of overlapping fragments, since not every site is cut • overlapping fragments insures that all sequences in the genome are cloned • overlapping fragments allows larger physical maps to be constructed as contiguous chromosomal regions (contigs) are put together from the sequence data • number of clon ...
polymorphism
... Severe human diseases, such as mental retardation, immunodeficiencies, and cancer, are caused by changes in the coding regions of certain genes. Neurofibromatosis, a tumor disease, is an example of a human disease caused by the insertion of an Alu transposon into the coding region of a gene, the NF ...
... Severe human diseases, such as mental retardation, immunodeficiencies, and cancer, are caused by changes in the coding regions of certain genes. Neurofibromatosis, a tumor disease, is an example of a human disease caused by the insertion of an Alu transposon into the coding region of a gene, the NF ...
STRUCTURAL CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS Structural
... change in the protein produced. These are called silent mutations. change an amino-acid-coding codon to a single "stop" codon and cause an incomplete protein. This can have serious effects since the incomplete protein probably won't function. ...
... change in the protein produced. These are called silent mutations. change an amino-acid-coding codon to a single "stop" codon and cause an incomplete protein. This can have serious effects since the incomplete protein probably won't function. ...
MICR 130 Chapter 8
... § Mutation – change in the nucleotide, or base, sequence of DNA § Change in nucleotide sequence can cause change in protein sequence § Change in protein sequence can cause change in protein function § Can become less active, more active, bind different substrate(s), etc… § The effect of a m ...
... § Mutation – change in the nucleotide, or base, sequence of DNA § Change in nucleotide sequence can cause change in protein sequence § Change in protein sequence can cause change in protein function § Can become less active, more active, bind different substrate(s), etc… § The effect of a m ...
Some Biology that Computer Scientists Need for
... • Only certain genes are “turned on” at any particular time. • When a gene is transcribed (copied to mRNA), it is said to be expressed. • The mRNA in a cell can be isolated. Its contents give a snapshot of the genes currently being expressed. • Correlating gene expressions with conditions gives hint ...
... • Only certain genes are “turned on” at any particular time. • When a gene is transcribed (copied to mRNA), it is said to be expressed. • The mRNA in a cell can be isolated. Its contents give a snapshot of the genes currently being expressed. • Correlating gene expressions with conditions gives hint ...