Rene Descartes Handout #1 Historical
... There are several possible responses to this criticism of Descartes. Here is one. Although Descartes may have in fact utilized such premises, it is clear that his argument need not make these controversial assumptions at all. The argument in essence comes down to a claim about the possibility of hum ...
... There are several possible responses to this criticism of Descartes. Here is one. Although Descartes may have in fact utilized such premises, it is clear that his argument need not make these controversial assumptions at all. The argument in essence comes down to a claim about the possibility of hum ...
making sense of divine simplicity
... in divine simplicity itself that requires us to identify God with a property. On the contrary, the doctrine requires only that God is identical with the entities (such as God's goodness, God's power, and God's wisdom) that are required to explain the truths expressed by true intrinsic predications o ...
... in divine simplicity itself that requires us to identify God with a property. On the contrary, the doctrine requires only that God is identical with the entities (such as God's goodness, God's power, and God's wisdom) that are required to explain the truths expressed by true intrinsic predications o ...
Can Michael Martin Be a Moral Realist?: Sic et Non by Paul Copan
... ontological justification. For instance, he rightly declares that there have been "atheists of high moral character." Thus there is no reason to think that atheists are less moral than believers. Of course, Martin concedes, the question is not one about the moral character of atheists, but "whether ...
... ontological justification. For instance, he rightly declares that there have been "atheists of high moral character." Thus there is no reason to think that atheists are less moral than believers. Of course, Martin concedes, the question is not one about the moral character of atheists, but "whether ...
Reason and Argument Lecture 2: Arguments and Validity
... are true, then the conclusion must be true. For various reasons, philosophers have an interest in conclusive arguments (at least, apparently conclusive arguments). We are going to begin to provide a systematic account of good reasoning. It turns out that it is much harder to provide a systematic acc ...
... are true, then the conclusion must be true. For various reasons, philosophers have an interest in conclusive arguments (at least, apparently conclusive arguments). We are going to begin to provide a systematic account of good reasoning. It turns out that it is much harder to provide a systematic acc ...
The Roots of Spinoza`s Metaphysics and
... God, Man and His Well-Being, he asks whether “all these attributes which are in Nature are only one, single being, and by no means different ones (though we can clearly and distinctly understand the one without the other).” [Section I, 23] The answer provided was that “[b]ecause of the unity which ...
... God, Man and His Well-Being, he asks whether “all these attributes which are in Nature are only one, single being, and by no means different ones (though we can clearly and distinctly understand the one without the other).” [Section I, 23] The answer provided was that “[b]ecause of the unity which ...
On the Logic of the Ontological Argument
... one infer ∃zψ from ψzıxϕ without this same assumption. Without such restrictions, one could infer P ıxQx directly from ∀zP z, for example. But such an inference would move one from truth to falsehood in models where everything is in the extension of the predicate ‘P ’ and nothing (or more than one t ...
... one infer ∃zψ from ψzıxϕ without this same assumption. Without such restrictions, one could infer P ıxQx directly from ∀zP z, for example. But such an inference would move one from truth to falsehood in models where everything is in the extension of the predicate ‘P ’ and nothing (or more than one t ...
IMPLICATIONS Powerpoint revision 1
... concerned with a meaningless problem (paragraph B), he now argues that a non-empirical personal God is devoid of meaning. Ayer will then go on to relate this argument to views which theists themselves hold and claims about their experience. ...
... concerned with a meaningless problem (paragraph B), he now argues that a non-empirical personal God is devoid of meaning. Ayer will then go on to relate this argument to views which theists themselves hold and claims about their experience. ...
Atheism and Analogy: Aquinas Against the Atheists Dan Linford
... In the philosophy of religion literature, 'atheology' is defined as “the intellectual effort to explain why a world-view should not include any god” (John Shook, The God Debates: A 21st Century Guide for Atheists and Believers, (West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell, 2010), pg 13). 'Atheological arguments' a ...
... In the philosophy of religion literature, 'atheology' is defined as “the intellectual effort to explain why a world-view should not include any god” (John Shook, The God Debates: A 21st Century Guide for Atheists and Believers, (West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell, 2010), pg 13). 'Atheological arguments' a ...
Ghasem Kakaie IBN `ARABI`S GOD, ECKHART`S GOD: GOD OF
... loved. And the love felt by the believers in praying makes no sense for pantheists. In their school, there is no trace of the interaction that some like Ibn ‘Arabi have with their God. In general, the God worshipped by them is other than the God about Whom Ibn ‘Arabi speaks as follows: “Because of p ...
... loved. And the love felt by the believers in praying makes no sense for pantheists. In their school, there is no trace of the interaction that some like Ibn ‘Arabi have with their God. In general, the God worshipped by them is other than the God about Whom Ibn ‘Arabi speaks as follows: “Because of p ...
How do logic and argument play a role in developing humour
... is the reverse outcome of what you’d expect from the situation. Instead of arguing that the window was broken the humour comes from the fact that the person who threw the brick is annoyed that the brick was chipped in the process and argues with the other person. This surprises readers; it’s not wha ...
... is the reverse outcome of what you’d expect from the situation. Instead of arguing that the window was broken the humour comes from the fact that the person who threw the brick is annoyed that the brick was chipped in the process and argues with the other person. This surprises readers; it’s not wha ...
Chapter 2 Metaphysics, Fideism, Speculation
... argument, which is the keystone that allows the system of real necessity to close in upon itself. Such a refusal enjoins us to maintain that there is no legitimate demonstration that a determinate entity should exist unconditionally. We might also add in passing that such a refusal of dogmatism furn ...
... argument, which is the keystone that allows the system of real necessity to close in upon itself. Such a refusal enjoins us to maintain that there is no legitimate demonstration that a determinate entity should exist unconditionally. We might also add in passing that such a refusal of dogmatism furn ...
in defense of non-natural, non-theistic moral realism
... of further explanation, the (necessary) connection between these radically different sorts of properties . . . is just an inexplicable brute fact.”23 On my approach, the supervenience relationships under discussion here are logically equivalent to certain basic ethical facts. For example, the claim ...
... of further explanation, the (necessary) connection between these radically different sorts of properties . . . is just an inexplicable brute fact.”23 On my approach, the supervenience relationships under discussion here are logically equivalent to certain basic ethical facts. For example, the claim ...
Introduction to Philosophy
... P Kant, following Hume, urged that a priori arguments which purport to conclude that something exists are inappropriate. P Logic, which procedes apriori, should make no existence assertions according to Hume and Kant P We generally construct logic to tell us about the relations among statements, not ...
... P Kant, following Hume, urged that a priori arguments which purport to conclude that something exists are inappropriate. P Logic, which procedes apriori, should make no existence assertions according to Hume and Kant P We generally construct logic to tell us about the relations among statements, not ...
Descartes` Epistemology
... – “Archimedes, in order that he might draw the terrestrial globe out of its place, and transport it elsewhere, demanded only that one point should be fixed and immoveable; in the same way, I shall have the right to have high hopes, if I am happy enough to discover one thing only which is certain an ...
... – “Archimedes, in order that he might draw the terrestrial globe out of its place, and transport it elsewhere, demanded only that one point should be fixed and immoveable; in the same way, I shall have the right to have high hopes, if I am happy enough to discover one thing only which is certain an ...
Creator Omnium - Saint Anselm College
... reconcile libertarian freedom with divine foreknowledge, Rogers finds in Anselm the answer: God’s knowledge of what free creatures will do is caused by their freely doing it, and God can know what they will freely do because the entirety of time exists and is present to Him. In short, Rogers makes a ...
... reconcile libertarian freedom with divine foreknowledge, Rogers finds in Anselm the answer: God’s knowledge of what free creatures will do is caused by their freely doing it, and God can know what they will freely do because the entirety of time exists and is present to Him. In short, Rogers makes a ...
which you can here
... original covenant, God addressed men in general but only through specified human agents. That is, revelation was to particular persons, who bore the burden of representing it to the rest of mankind (or Israel). So pronounced was this effect that the people of Israel themselves recognized that they c ...
... original covenant, God addressed men in general but only through specified human agents. That is, revelation was to particular persons, who bore the burden of representing it to the rest of mankind (or Israel). So pronounced was this effect that the people of Israel themselves recognized that they c ...
PHLA10F
... show that this assumption leads to a clear ‘absurdity’ (something impossible or obviously false). Example: Prove: the government has a right to limit our freedom. Assume: the government has no right to limit our freedom. Deduce: therefore, I am free to acquire nuclear arms. The conclusion is absurd ...
... show that this assumption leads to a clear ‘absurdity’ (something impossible or obviously false). Example: Prove: the government has a right to limit our freedom. Assume: the government has no right to limit our freedom. Deduce: therefore, I am free to acquire nuclear arms. The conclusion is absurd ...
PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION G581
... Is it right to compare RL w/ scientific statements? Maybe both verification & falsification wrong, religion is not to do w/ assertions but should be understood as symbolic etc. R.M. Hare – Flew didn’t understand nature of belief. They’re one of many of our ‘bliks’, which are non-cognitive & there ...
... Is it right to compare RL w/ scientific statements? Maybe both verification & falsification wrong, religion is not to do w/ assertions but should be understood as symbolic etc. R.M. Hare – Flew didn’t understand nature of belief. They’re one of many of our ‘bliks’, which are non-cognitive & there ...
Piety: Lending a Hand to Euthyphro
... philosophical habitability of the Euthyphro, we retrofit it by making two adjustmentsto it. First, we treatthe example of Piety as if it were virtually a cipher, replaceable with something as general, perhaps, as Goodness or Rightness. Second, finding very few believers in Zeus and his conspecifics ...
... philosophical habitability of the Euthyphro, we retrofit it by making two adjustmentsto it. First, we treatthe example of Piety as if it were virtually a cipher, replaceable with something as general, perhaps, as Goodness or Rightness. Second, finding very few believers in Zeus and his conspecifics ...
Quantum Mechanics and Divine Action
... whether God’s actions match up with our intuitions or his previous commands. Additionally, the second horn would take away the moral obligation of following God’s will; if morality is not really objective, then God’s will would be no better than other moral systems. He would then simply be one among ...
... whether God’s actions match up with our intuitions or his previous commands. Additionally, the second horn would take away the moral obligation of following God’s will; if morality is not really objective, then God’s will would be no better than other moral systems. He would then simply be one among ...
Evil for freedom`s sake? David Lewis
... Alvin Plantinga, our foremost modern authority on free-will theodicy, would recoil from that name for his subject. He has taught us to distinguish 'theodicy' from 'defence'.5 'Theodicy', for Plantinga, means an audacious claim to know the truth about why God permits evil. And not just a trivial bit ...
... Alvin Plantinga, our foremost modern authority on free-will theodicy, would recoil from that name for his subject. He has taught us to distinguish 'theodicy' from 'defence'.5 'Theodicy', for Plantinga, means an audacious claim to know the truth about why God permits evil. And not just a trivial bit ...
Why Hume and Kant were mistaken in rejecting natural theology
... forward is to try to show either that p does entail a contradiction or that some other proposition q is logically possible and that q entails p. For if q is logically possible, so is any proposition which is entailed by q. One proposition x entails another one y iff (x and not –y) is logically impo ...
... forward is to try to show either that p does entail a contradiction or that some other proposition q is logically possible and that q entails p. For if q is logically possible, so is any proposition which is entailed by q. One proposition x entails another one y iff (x and not –y) is logically impo ...
Glossary - Oxford University Press
... the time after death. Both are long periods of time in which we do not exist. It would seem, then, that our attitudes toward them should be symmetric. Intuitively, though, it seems reasonable to regard death as a bad thing, and unreasonable to regard the period of prenatal nonexistence as comparably ...
... the time after death. Both are long periods of time in which we do not exist. It would seem, then, that our attitudes toward them should be symmetric. Intuitively, though, it seems reasonable to regard death as a bad thing, and unreasonable to regard the period of prenatal nonexistence as comparably ...
Word
... The question also arises in the religious context: can we know God with certainty? The Bible often tells us that Christians can, should, and do know God and the truths of revelation (Matt. 9:6, 11:27, 13:11, John 7:17, 8:32, 10:4-5, 14:17, 17:3, many other passages). Such passages present this knowl ...
... The question also arises in the religious context: can we know God with certainty? The Bible often tells us that Christians can, should, and do know God and the truths of revelation (Matt. 9:6, 11:27, 13:11, John 7:17, 8:32, 10:4-5, 14:17, 17:3, many other passages). Such passages present this knowl ...
glossary of philosophical terms
... then if all of these relevant conditions were duplicated in another case, and there is a blowout, an accident would happen. If not, and if the blowout really caused the accident in the original case, there must be some relevant difference. This version of universal succession seems more plausible, b ...
... then if all of these relevant conditions were duplicated in another case, and there is a blowout, an accident would happen. If not, and if the blowout really caused the accident in the original case, there must be some relevant difference. This version of universal succession seems more plausible, b ...