Age Aspects of Habitability
... Catling et al. 2005). Therefore, by analogy with the Earth, we presume the presence of an oxygen atmosphere as necessary for a planet to host a complex life. Such life would have modified the global planetary (or atmospheric) properties to be noticed from space, and from very far away; after all, th ...
... Catling et al. 2005). Therefore, by analogy with the Earth, we presume the presence of an oxygen atmosphere as necessary for a planet to host a complex life. Such life would have modified the global planetary (or atmospheric) properties to be noticed from space, and from very far away; after all, th ...
Lecture8_v2 - Lick Observatory
... • Can measure size, mass, temperature and spectra • Can test the atmospheric models that have been developed for planets in our solar system • Some of these planets are subject to more exciting conditions than the ones in the Solar System: – Small distance from star Page ...
... • Can measure size, mass, temperature and spectra • Can test the atmospheric models that have been developed for planets in our solar system • Some of these planets are subject to more exciting conditions than the ones in the Solar System: – Small distance from star Page ...
Extra-solar planets
... The ratio of the mass of the Sun to the mass of Jupiter is 1000, so the centre of mass is 1000 times closer to the Sun than it is to Jupiter. The radius of the Jupiter’s orbit is just over 1100 times the radius of the Sun, so its barycentre with the Sun lies just above the Sun’s surface. Thus as Ju ...
... The ratio of the mass of the Sun to the mass of Jupiter is 1000, so the centre of mass is 1000 times closer to the Sun than it is to Jupiter. The radius of the Jupiter’s orbit is just over 1100 times the radius of the Sun, so its barycentre with the Sun lies just above the Sun’s surface. Thus as Ju ...
The Search for Extrasolar Planets
... adjusting to the constantly emerging data, and astronomers are seeking new ways to widen the sample and enrich the data about the known planets. In September 2002, ISSI organized a workshop focusing on the physics of “Planetary Systems and Planets in Systems”1. The present contribution is an attempt ...
... adjusting to the constantly emerging data, and astronomers are seeking new ways to widen the sample and enrich the data about the known planets. In September 2002, ISSI organized a workshop focusing on the physics of “Planetary Systems and Planets in Systems”1. The present contribution is an attempt ...
PLANETS
... 0.05 (Earth's moon); the highest, around 0.7 (Venus). This calculation doesn't take into account the thermal energy released from the planet's interior, tidal energy released via a starplanet interaction, the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, etc. ...
... 0.05 (Earth's moon); the highest, around 0.7 (Venus). This calculation doesn't take into account the thermal energy released from the planet's interior, tidal energy released via a starplanet interaction, the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, etc. ...
A brief history of extra-solar planets - X
... A brief history of extra-solar planets • In the 16th century the Italian philosopher Giordano Bruno said that the fixed stars are really suns like our own, with planets going ...
... A brief history of extra-solar planets • In the 16th century the Italian philosopher Giordano Bruno said that the fixed stars are really suns like our own, with planets going ...
Habitable planets around the star Gliese 581?
... 1400 K (see Sect. 2.2.1). This would allow the planet to balance the absorbed stellar energy by radiating at visible and radio wavelengths through an atmosphere that is optically thick in the infrared (IR). Both cases would render the planet uninhabitable. For planet Gl 581c to be habitable (i.e., T ...
... 1400 K (see Sect. 2.2.1). This would allow the planet to balance the absorbed stellar energy by radiating at visible and radio wavelengths through an atmosphere that is optically thick in the infrared (IR). Both cases would render the planet uninhabitable. For planet Gl 581c to be habitable (i.e., T ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... mixed variable symplectic computer integrator has been used previously (Jones & Sleep, 2002; Jones et al., 2001), to simulate the orbital motion of Earth-mass planets over one billion years, in a sample of such systems. If a terrestrial planet could exist in a stable orbit for this length of time it ...
... mixed variable symplectic computer integrator has been used previously (Jones & Sleep, 2002; Jones et al., 2001), to simulate the orbital motion of Earth-mass planets over one billion years, in a sample of such systems. If a terrestrial planet could exist in a stable orbit for this length of time it ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF - e
... tend to equalize the temperatures of hot and cold regions on a planet. Methane does not have such advantageous properties [4]. There don’t seem to be other fluids–at least not in sufficient amounts–that are equally suitable for evolution of life. Hydrogen is everywhere in space, and carbon and oxyge ...
... tend to equalize the temperatures of hot and cold regions on a planet. Methane does not have such advantageous properties [4]. There don’t seem to be other fluids–at least not in sufficient amounts–that are equally suitable for evolution of life. Hydrogen is everywhere in space, and carbon and oxyge ...
The Search for Worlds Like Our Own
... his so-called ‘‘great question’’ can also be formulated as a clearly defined science goal. Since the origin of life most likely requires a stable supply of energy, planets that could host life are likely to orbit within what is known as the habitable zone (HZ), a region relatively close to the paren ...
... his so-called ‘‘great question’’ can also be formulated as a clearly defined science goal. Since the origin of life most likely requires a stable supply of energy, planets that could host life are likely to orbit within what is known as the habitable zone (HZ), a region relatively close to the paren ...
Planet migration
... NB the idea that planets form in circumstellar disks (the solar nebula) goes back to Swedenborg (1734), Kant (1755) and Laplace (1796) (2) formation took less than a few Myr Planets form in circumstellar disks in a few Myr ...
... NB the idea that planets form in circumstellar disks (the solar nebula) goes back to Swedenborg (1734), Kant (1755) and Laplace (1796) (2) formation took less than a few Myr Planets form in circumstellar disks in a few Myr ...
HAT-P-7: A RETROGRADE OR POLAR ORBIT, AND A THIRD BODY
... In the solar system, the planetary orbits are well aligned and prograde, revolving in the same direction as the rotation of the Sun. This fact inspired the “nebular hypothesis” that the Sun and planets formed from a single spinning disk (Laplace 1796). One might also expect exoplanetary orbits to be ...
... In the solar system, the planetary orbits are well aligned and prograde, revolving in the same direction as the rotation of the Sun. This fact inspired the “nebular hypothesis” that the Sun and planets formed from a single spinning disk (Laplace 1796). One might also expect exoplanetary orbits to be ...
The Cosmic Perspective Other Planetary Systems: The New Science
... How can we explain the presence of gas giants so close to their stars? a) The nebular theory has been modified to allow for the formation of gas giant planets close to a star. b) The hot Jupiters are close to cool stars, and so are not actually very hot and have the same history as gas giants in o ...
... How can we explain the presence of gas giants so close to their stars? a) The nebular theory has been modified to allow for the formation of gas giant planets close to a star. b) The hot Jupiters are close to cool stars, and so are not actually very hot and have the same history as gas giants in o ...
Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission
... The central star was spectroscopically analyzed using the HARPS data set. Figure 8 shows a significant sample of the HARPS spectrum used for this analysis. By comparing the spectra with a grid of stellar templates, as described in Frasca et al. (2003) and Gandolfi et al. (2008), or using SME (Valent ...
... The central star was spectroscopically analyzed using the HARPS data set. Figure 8 shows a significant sample of the HARPS spectrum used for this analysis. By comparing the spectra with a grid of stellar templates, as described in Frasca et al. (2003) and Gandolfi et al. (2008), or using SME (Valent ...
Kepler`s Search for Exoplanets
... Now, let’s look at a model of how a transit happens. This model has a lit ball as model star and a smaller ball as the exoplanet going in orbit around the star. Your own eye is the light meter in this model. [Turn on the star in the star-exoplanet model and start rotating the model so the planet or ...
... Now, let’s look at a model of how a transit happens. This model has a lit ball as model star and a smaller ball as the exoplanet going in orbit around the star. Your own eye is the light meter in this model. [Turn on the star in the star-exoplanet model and start rotating the model so the planet or ...
A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star
... 9.245"±"0.026, H"="8.666"±"0.027, Ks"="8.322"±"0.027) 33, and WISE infrared photometry (W1"="8.170"±"0.023, W2"="8.000"±"0.020, W3"="7.862" ±"0.018, W4"="7.916"±"0.184). The colour (V–Ks"="5.168"±"0.040) and absolute magnitude (M V"="13.088"±"0.054) of GJ 1132 are consistent with those of single M4V ...
... 9.245"±"0.026, H"="8.666"±"0.027, Ks"="8.322"±"0.027) 33, and WISE infrared photometry (W1"="8.170"±"0.023, W2"="8.000"±"0.020, W3"="7.862" ±"0.018, W4"="7.916"±"0.184). The colour (V–Ks"="5.168"±"0.040) and absolute magnitude (M V"="13.088"±"0.054) of GJ 1132 are consistent with those of single M4V ...
6 March 2013 Exoplanets and Where to Find Them Professor
... images finally detected a point source in this clear zone. Over time this was observed to move relative to the disc, but aligned within it at a projected distance of 8-15 AU from its star (comparable to the orbit of Saturn in our solar system). This has been interpreted as a giant planet orbiting β ...
... images finally detected a point source in this clear zone. Over time this was observed to move relative to the disc, but aligned within it at a projected distance of 8-15 AU from its star (comparable to the orbit of Saturn in our solar system). This has been interpreted as a giant planet orbiting β ...
Relation Between the Luminosity of the Star at Different
... place in the universe are either too quick or too slow for the human to register it without the aid of technology. Hence simulations come as a boon. A stellar evolution virtual experiment was used to closely examine the evolution of a star right from its birth to its death. Through this simulator, l ...
... place in the universe are either too quick or too slow for the human to register it without the aid of technology. Hence simulations come as a boon. A stellar evolution virtual experiment was used to closely examine the evolution of a star right from its birth to its death. Through this simulator, l ...
The Anglo-Australian Planet Search – XXI. A Gas-Giant
... arranged in an epicyclic configuration, a set of radial-velocity data which can be fit with one eccentric planet can often also be modelled as two planets in near-circular orbits (see e.g. AngladaEscudé et al. 2010, and references therein). Fitting a single planet in a circular (e = 0.0) orbit to o ...
... arranged in an epicyclic configuration, a set of radial-velocity data which can be fit with one eccentric planet can often also be modelled as two planets in near-circular orbits (see e.g. AngladaEscudé et al. 2010, and references therein). Fitting a single planet in a circular (e = 0.0) orbit to o ...
ppt
... There are only two astronomical bodies that have a radius ~ 1.5 REarth: 1. White Dwarf 2. A terrestrial planet White Dwarfs have a mass of ~ 1 Solar Mass, so the radial velocity amplitude should be ~ 100s km/s. This is excluded by low precision radial velocity measurements. ...
... There are only two astronomical bodies that have a radius ~ 1.5 REarth: 1. White Dwarf 2. A terrestrial planet White Dwarfs have a mass of ~ 1 Solar Mass, so the radial velocity amplitude should be ~ 100s km/s. This is excluded by low precision radial velocity measurements. ...
Introduction
... there are a few drawbacks. Below 1 m/s, the precision in the radial velocities is not longer determined by the instrument, but by the intrinsic atmospheric pulsations of the star (asteroseismology), which can have amplitudes of several m/s (Mayor et al. 2003), and by the magnetic features on the atm ...
... there are a few drawbacks. Below 1 m/s, the precision in the radial velocities is not longer determined by the instrument, but by the intrinsic atmospheric pulsations of the star (asteroseismology), which can have amplitudes of several m/s (Mayor et al. 2003), and by the magnetic features on the atm ...
HERE - Montana State University Extended University
... Up to this point we have identified that the “just right” condition for life is the presence of liquid water on a planet’s surface. This suggests we should first search for a planet that rests in orbit around a Sun-like star (classes F, G or K) within the star’s zone of habitability. In addition to ...
... Up to this point we have identified that the “just right” condition for life is the presence of liquid water on a planet’s surface. This suggests we should first search for a planet that rests in orbit around a Sun-like star (classes F, G or K) within the star’s zone of habitability. In addition to ...
Exoplanets
... 2008: Unsurpassed details revealed on the motion and makeup of planetforming discs around Sun-like stars. (eso0827) 2008: A trio of super-Earths are observed using ESO’s HARPS instrument. Data suggests one in three Sunlike stars have such planets. (eso0819) 2007: Discovery that exoplanets may ...
... 2008: Unsurpassed details revealed on the motion and makeup of planetforming discs around Sun-like stars. (eso0827) 2008: A trio of super-Earths are observed using ESO’s HARPS instrument. Data suggests one in three Sunlike stars have such planets. (eso0819) 2007: Discovery that exoplanets may ...
5 Habitable zones and Planetary atmospheres
... where Te is effective temperature of the planet. The balance between Lp and Ea defines the effective temperature of the planet. The effective temperature of the Earth is 255 K. It is lower than 273 K because the Earth is not a perfect black body and it traps some energy because of the greenhouse eff ...
... where Te is effective temperature of the planet. The balance between Lp and Ea defines the effective temperature of the planet. The effective temperature of the Earth is 255 K. It is lower than 273 K because the Earth is not a perfect black body and it traps some energy because of the greenhouse eff ...
Gliese 581
Gliese 581 (/ˈɡliːzə/) is a star of spectral type M3V (a red dwarf) about 20 light years away from Earth in the constellation Libra. Its estimated mass is about a third of that of the Sun, and it is the 89th closest known star to the Sun. Observations suggest that the star has a planetary system consisting of three known planets, designated Gliese 581 b, c, and e and a possibly confirmed planet, d, in order of discovery. Additional outer planets, which received the designations Gliese 581 f, and g have been proposed, but the evidence that led to the discovery claims has been shown to be the result of stellar activity mimicking the radial velocity variations due to orbiting planets.Gliese 581 has been the subject of a ""huge amount of attention"" in the quest to discover the first habitable extrasolar planet; first for c, and then d and g. Gliese 581 c, the first low-mass extrasolar planet found near a habitable zone, was discovered in April 2007. It has since been shown that under known terrestrial planet climate models, Gliese 581 c is likely to have a runaway greenhouse effect, and hence is probably too hot to be habitable, analogous to Venus. The proposed planets Gliese 581 d and Gliese 581 g also received attention as being located within the habitable zone, but their existence has subsequently been put into doubt by some authors.On 27 November 2012, the European Space Agency announced a debris disk, with at least ten times as many comets as the Solar System. This put constraints on possible planets beyond 0.75 AU.