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coexpression database for animal species by
coexpression database for animal species by

... experiment. Using all experiments at once, Pearson’s correlation coefficients for each gene pair were calculated, and these values were transferred to the Mutual Rank (MR) value (16), which is the geometric average of asymmetric ranks in coexpressed gene lists. With the updated microarray-based coex ...
Allele - Bryn Mawr School Faculty Web Pages
Allele - Bryn Mawr School Faculty Web Pages

... His law of particulate inheritance, states that: Each gene is controlled by two ‘factors’ With our present knowledge, we now state this idea as each gene having two alleles. Factors do not blend, but may be either dominant or recessive. Recessive factors (alleles) are masked by dominant ones. Recess ...
Session-3.-Molecular..
Session-3.-Molecular..

... mixture of genotypes from the original parents. This greatly simplifies replicated experiments and assures that the RILs can be stored, disseminated and used by different laboratories to analyze any desired trait in any environment. QTL mapping begins with the collection of phenotypic data from the ...
July 2012 Volume 22 In This Issue Dazzling Diamond of Hope
July 2012 Volume 22 In This Issue Dazzling Diamond of Hope

... sequences in the genomes of higher organisms were not contiguous. An example of what I mean here is the dystrophin gene which is responsible for certain forms of muscular dystrophy. The DNA sequence of this gene spans over 2.4 million bases of DNA which gets transcribed into a similarly sized precur ...
Introduction to Bioinformatics.
Introduction to Bioinformatics.

... From being budded off from its parent cell, to reproducing its own offspring, each yeast cell goes through a number of typical steps that also involve changes in gene expression, turning whole pathways on and off. ...
externial ophtlhalmiioplegila has been reported as inherited in two
externial ophtlhalmiioplegila has been reported as inherited in two

... that the mutation or translocation of the gene from an autosome to the. unpaired part of the X chromosome occurred. It is to be remembered that this gene is recessive, and that in an autosome if the unions were not consanguineous it could have remained for many generations without manifesting itself ...
Annotation report - GEP Community Server
Annotation report - GEP Community Server

... sequence from the putative D. melanogaster ortholog. You can either use the protein alignment generated by the Gene Model Checker (available through the “View protein alignment” link under the “Dot Plot” tab) or you can generate a new alignment using the “Align two or more sequences” feature (bl2seq ...
The Chloroplast-Located Homolog of Bacterial DNA Recombinase
The Chloroplast-Located Homolog of Bacterial DNA Recombinase

... ZAM 15] hasR 17 recAl endAl gyrA 96 thi-l relA 1) was the host strain for amplification of all of the plasmid constructs. A recAdeleted E.coli strain FD2566 ((recA-srt)::TnlO A(uvrB-chlA) A(kdp-phr)), a generous gift of Dr. J.B. Hays, was used for expression of the mature RecA-AT protein. For expres ...
Leukaemia Section del(11q) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Leukaemia Section del(11q) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... occurs as a secondary change in the majority of cases. ...
Research lifts early vigour and yields in wheat
Research lifts early vigour and yields in wheat

... rapid and relatively inexpensive. More importantly, marker identification can be carried out at any stage during a plant’s development. For example, scientists can test a small piece of seed for the presence of a marker linked to a resistance gene and therefore determine whether the plant will be di ...
The molecular basis of genetic dominance.
The molecular basis of genetic dominance.

... recessive mutations. '5'7 Thus it is dominance, known recessive conditions in the human may rather than recessiveness, that demands special considerably underestimate the total, the true explanation; but why should the 'default' state figure is unlikely to approach the total number of genes. There i ...
Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 5 Notes
Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 5 Notes

... Sickle cell is an inherited disorder that results from a mutation in the gene coding for the protein globin. Hemoglobin is a major constituent of the red blood cells and is involved in O2 transport. HbA: an allele that codes for the normal beta globin protein HbS: an allele that codes for an abnorma ...
Non-coding RNA for ZM401, a Pollen
Non-coding RNA for ZM401, a Pollen

... There were several reports of transcripts without a long open reading frame (ORF) in various eucaryotes (Brannan et al., 1990; Brockdorff et al., 1992; Brown et al. 1992; Askew et al., 1994; Crespi et al., 1994; Velleca et al., 1994; Watanabe and Yamamoto, 1994; Yoshida et al., 1994), and it has bee ...
Gene Section IGF2R (insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor) in Oncology and Haematology
Gene Section IGF2R (insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor) in Oncology and Haematology

... Beyond biochemical and DNA sequence properties, M6P/IGF2R epigenetic traits have been described. In humans, there is a differentially methylated region (DMR) in intron 2 of the gene which is preferentially methylated on the maternally inherited copy of the gene; in addition, the human M6P/IGF2R resi ...
QTL analysis of yield traits in an advanced backcross
QTL analysis of yield traits in an advanced backcross

... 2006; Carlsson et al., 2002; Hwang et al., 2000). It has been demonstrated that the altered expression levels of KASⅡ and KASⅢ lead to change of oil content and qualities in A. thaliana (Abbadi et al., 2000; Dehesh et al., 2001; Pidkowich et al., 2007). KASⅠ has been purified from Spinacia oleracea ...
Meta-analysis of Prefrontal Cortex from Acute Ethanol Studies
Meta-analysis of Prefrontal Cortex from Acute Ethanol Studies

... useful tools on this website is the Boolean operation tool which allows the intersection of two data sets. The gene ontology enriched DAG (directed acyclic graph) was used to place the genes in the myelin gene set into over-represented gene ontology categories. One reason for doing this is to see if ...
349 POLYMORPHISM OF THE Β
349 POLYMORPHISM OF THE Β

... genotyping the CSN2 gene, but requires on average two working days for complete analysis. A new way for the genotypig could be the TaqMan system that seems to be rapid, maximally sensitive and suitable enough for the detection of the point mutations. (Manga and Dvořák, 2010) Casein polymorphisms are ...
Operon Models
Operon Models

... shape into the regulatory repressor protein piece that you cut off in step 1 above. 6. On the bottom side of the repressor protein, carve a wide, semicircle shape that is a little too wide to accommodate the tennis ball. You want the repressor protein to have 2 shapes, one that fits the operator sha ...
Saccharopolyspora erythraea that are involved
Saccharopolyspora erythraea that are involved

... lying between eryAZ and eryK had an EryB phenotype. The EryC mutants, on the other hand, accumulate 3-aL-mycarosyl-erythronolide B, and convert erythromycin D (or later intermediates) to erythromycin A. These mutants cannot synthesize desosamine and/or are unable to attach it the macrolactone ring. ...
Entrez Gene - Galter Health Sciences Library
Entrez Gene - Galter Health Sciences Library

... online guide to learn at your own pace. If you would like to follow the steps and examples described in this guide, it is recommended that you open the NCBI website in another browser window and re-size the browser windows so both the guide and the NCBI pages can be viewed simultaneously. Currently ...
Identification of a NodD repressible gene
Identification of a NodD repressible gene

... deletion mutation was made and proteins produced by the mutant were compared with those by wild-type using 2D gel electrophoresis. Several protein differences were identified suggesting that this small gene influences the expression or stability of these proteins. However, the mutant nodulated its h ...
Gene sequencing Terms
Gene sequencing Terms

... Gene sequencing Terms Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) • It is DNA sequence variations that occur when a single nucleotide (A, T, C, or G) in the genome sequence is altered. • Each individual has many single nucleotide polymorphisms that together create a unique DNA pattern for that person. • S ...
reviews - Docentes
reviews - Docentes

... the identification of homologues, but a perfectly conserved sequence position contains no phylogenetic information. For example, the amino-acid sequence of histones or ATP-synthase catalytic subunits is nearly identical in closely related species, and therefore useless in reconstructing within-genus ...
The role of duplications in the evolution of genomes highlights the
The role of duplications in the evolution of genomes highlights the

... have focused on the mechanisms and functional consequences of duplicated genes at the molecular or organism scale. A biased interpretation of the role of duplication is carried out whether the process of duplication itself is not clearly unravelled. Three steps are responsible for leading to the gen ...
IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL SELECTIVE ANTAGONISTS FOR BESTROPHIN-1 PROTEIN BY
IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL SELECTIVE ANTAGONISTS FOR BESTROPHIN-1 PROTEIN BY

... abnormal accumulation of this lipofuscin can damage cells that are critical for clear central vision, which is needed for detailed tasks such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. As a result, people with this disorder often lose their central vision and may experience blurry or distorted visi ...
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Gene nomenclature

Gene nomenclature is the scientific naming of genes, the units of heredity in living organisms. An international committee published recommendations for genetic symbols and nomenclature in 1957. The need to develop formal guidelines for human gene names and symbols was recognized in the 1960s and full guidelines were issued in 1979 (Edinburgh Human Genome Meeting). Several other species-specific research communities (e.g., Drosophila, mouse) have adopted nomenclature standards, as well, and have published them on the relevant model organism websites and in scientific journals, including the Trends in Genetics Genetic Nomenclature Guide. Scientists familiar with a particular gene family may work together to revise the nomenclature for the entire set of genes when new information becomes available. For many genes and their corresponding proteins, an assortment of alternate names is in use across the scientific literature and public biological databases, posing a challenge to effective organization and exchange of biological information. Standardization of nomenclature thus tries to achieve the benefits of vocabulary control and bibliographic control, although adherence is voluntary. The advent of the information age has brought gene ontology, which in some ways is a next step of gene nomenclature, because it aims to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species.Gene nomenclature and protein nomenclature are not separate endeavors; they are aspects of the same whole. Any name or symbol used for a protein can potentially also be used for the gene that encodes it, and vice versa. But owing to the nature of how science has developed (with knowledge being uncovered bit by bit over decades), proteins and their corresponding genes have not always been discovered simultaneously (and not always physiologically understood when discovered), which is the largest reason why protein and gene names do not always match, or why scientists tend to favor one symbol or name for the protein and another for the gene. Another reason is that many of the mechanisms of life are the same or very similar across species, genera, orders, and phyla, so that a given protein may be produced in many kinds of organisms; and thus scientists naturally often use the same symbol and name for a given protein in one species (for example, mice) as in another species (for example, humans). Regarding the first duality (same symbol and name for gene or protein), the context usually makes the sense clear to scientific readers, and the nomenclatural systems also provide for some specificity by using italic for a symbol when the gene is meant and plain (roman) for when the protein is meant. Regarding the second duality (a given protein is endogenous in many kinds of organisms), the nomenclatural systems also provide for at least human-versus-nonhuman specificity by using different capitalization, although scientists often ignore this distinction, given that it is often biologically irrelevant.Also owing to the nature of how scientific knowledge has unfolded, proteins and their corresponding genes often have several names and symbols that are synonymous. Some of the earlier ones may be deprecated in favor of newer ones, although such deprecation is voluntary. Some older names and symbols live on simply because they have been widely used in the scientific literature (including before the newer ones were coined) and are well established among users.
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