A parasitic selfish gene that affects host promiscuity
... We estimate a selective load of approximately 1–2% in ‘natural’ niches. The second aspect we examine is the ability of HEGs to affect hosts’ sexual behaviour. As all selfish genes critically rely on sex for spread, then any selfish gene correlated with increased host sexuality will enjoy a transmiss ...
... We estimate a selective load of approximately 1–2% in ‘natural’ niches. The second aspect we examine is the ability of HEGs to affect hosts’ sexual behaviour. As all selfish genes critically rely on sex for spread, then any selfish gene correlated with increased host sexuality will enjoy a transmiss ...
Fertility in East Africa countries
... Since the 1960’s, many developing countries have experienced rapid fertility decline, the tempo of the decline appears to have been slower in Africa. Overall, the total fertility rate of the developing world dropped from 6.0 births per woman in the late 1960s to 2.9 births per women in 2000-2005 (Un ...
... Since the 1960’s, many developing countries have experienced rapid fertility decline, the tempo of the decline appears to have been slower in Africa. Overall, the total fertility rate of the developing world dropped from 6.0 births per woman in the late 1960s to 2.9 births per women in 2000-2005 (Un ...
population
... the first state toward the second state Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... the first state toward the second state Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
The importance of crustacean zooplankton in
... All other plankton taxa, Keratella's egg ratios, chlorophyll a, POC and chemical parameters were tested for treatment effects by ANOVA, with crustacean presence or absence as between-groups factors and time (sampling dates except day 0) as repeated measures factors. Since only effects by treatment ( ...
... All other plankton taxa, Keratella's egg ratios, chlorophyll a, POC and chemical parameters were tested for treatment effects by ANOVA, with crustacean presence or absence as between-groups factors and time (sampling dates except day 0) as repeated measures factors. Since only effects by treatment ( ...
population
... Dependable environments may favor repeated reproduction. Survival rate is good—for young and adults. The adults will survive to reproduce again. A few large young should also be able to survive to reproductive age. ...
... Dependable environments may favor repeated reproduction. Survival rate is good—for young and adults. The adults will survive to reproduce again. A few large young should also be able to survive to reproductive age. ...
population
... Dependable environments may favor repeated reproduction. Survival rate is good—for young and adults. The adults will survive to reproduce again. A few large young should also be able to survive to reproductive age. ...
... Dependable environments may favor repeated reproduction. Survival rate is good—for young and adults. The adults will survive to reproduce again. A few large young should also be able to survive to reproductive age. ...
"Allometry and Metabolic Scaling in Ecology". - People
... hence by the amount of leaf tissue maintained in the plant (Niklas and Enquist, 2003). For animals, rates and times associated with reproduction are often well described by allometric models that assume quarter-power scaling. These include rates of reproduction and times such as interbirth interval, ...
... hence by the amount of leaf tissue maintained in the plant (Niklas and Enquist, 2003). For animals, rates and times associated with reproduction are often well described by allometric models that assume quarter-power scaling. These include rates of reproduction and times such as interbirth interval, ...
Zooplankton population dynamics: measuring in situ growth and
... fjord in northern Norway, from early May to mid June 1998, the period of the spring bloom. Biovolume spectra in the size range between 10–1 and 103 mm3 individual body volume, from small mesozooplankton to euphausiids, were derived from the Optical Plankton Counter measurements. From 3 bio-volume sp ...
... fjord in northern Norway, from early May to mid June 1998, the period of the spring bloom. Biovolume spectra in the size range between 10–1 and 103 mm3 individual body volume, from small mesozooplankton to euphausiids, were derived from the Optical Plankton Counter measurements. From 3 bio-volume sp ...
EVPP 550 Waterscape Ecology and Management – Lecture 10
... Phytoplankton Patterns of Abundance • Empirical Data – A study compiled data from many lakes and found that the bimodal pattern we just described held very well for “eutrophic” lakes (here I would use the term “mesotrophic/eutrophic” – However, oligotrophic lakes did not show as clear a seasonal pa ...
... Phytoplankton Patterns of Abundance • Empirical Data – A study compiled data from many lakes and found that the bimodal pattern we just described held very well for “eutrophic” lakes (here I would use the term “mesotrophic/eutrophic” – However, oligotrophic lakes did not show as clear a seasonal pa ...
NUTRIENT LIMITATION IN THE SEA: DYNAMICS, IDENTIFICATION
... Goering, Don Button, and Holgcr Jannasch for their helpful suggestions and especially for their endless patience in discussing thcsc ideas in agrccment and disagreement with me. ...
... Goering, Don Button, and Holgcr Jannasch for their helpful suggestions and especially for their endless patience in discussing thcsc ideas in agrccment and disagreement with me. ...
Impacts of environmental variability in open populations and
... sink shown in Fig. 1a). Here, in each case, the parameters are chosen such that in a closed environment, the species goes extinct (i.e., its average growth rate is negative). But in an open environment, the species is maintained locally because of immigration, and during runs of good years it enjoys ...
... sink shown in Fig. 1a). Here, in each case, the parameters are chosen such that in a closed environment, the species goes extinct (i.e., its average growth rate is negative). But in an open environment, the species is maintained locally because of immigration, and during runs of good years it enjoys ...
chapter 52 population ecology
... The size and activities of the human population are now among Earth’s most significant problems. With a population of over 6 billion individuals, our species requires vast amounts of materials and space, including places to live, land to grow our food, and places to dump our waste. Endlessly expand ...
... The size and activities of the human population are now among Earth’s most significant problems. With a population of over 6 billion individuals, our species requires vast amounts of materials and space, including places to live, land to grow our food, and places to dump our waste. Endlessly expand ...
Will Small Population Sizes Warn Us of Impending Extinctions?
... endangered (IUCN 2001) and because changes in numbers are the key measure used to quantify population viability in most situations (e.g., Gerber et al. 1999). This focus on population size as a measure of demographic health can be problematic for two reasons: first, equilibrium population size may b ...
... endangered (IUCN 2001) and because changes in numbers are the key measure used to quantify population viability in most situations (e.g., Gerber et al. 1999). This focus on population size as a measure of demographic health can be problematic for two reasons: first, equilibrium population size may b ...
population characteristics - Formatted
... only. The static and dynamic composite life tables are inaccurate but the cohort life table gives a fair idea about the average conditions in the populations. Life tables can be useful in comparing life history trends within the population and in between different populations. Survivorship curve: Th ...
... only. The static and dynamic composite life tables are inaccurate but the cohort life table gives a fair idea about the average conditions in the populations. Life tables can be useful in comparing life history trends within the population and in between different populations. Survivorship curve: Th ...
Exploring the Relationship between Abundance and
... Figure 4. N* vs. T for hypothetical unicellular and multicellular organisms in eutrophic and oligotrophic conditions (ropt, Y, and So = 1; ρ=1, σ=0.01). For the eutrophic condition case, curves are always flat; increasing the mortality rate slightly decreases N*, but greatly decreases the temperatur ...
... Figure 4. N* vs. T for hypothetical unicellular and multicellular organisms in eutrophic and oligotrophic conditions (ropt, Y, and So = 1; ρ=1, σ=0.01). For the eutrophic condition case, curves are always flat; increasing the mortality rate slightly decreases N*, but greatly decreases the temperatur ...
Document
... hypothesis that populations of large mammals are relatively stable over time • Both weather and predator population can affect population size over time – For example, the moose population on Isle Royale collapsed during a harsh winter, and when wolf ...
... hypothesis that populations of large mammals are relatively stable over time • Both weather and predator population can affect population size over time – For example, the moose population on Isle Royale collapsed during a harsh winter, and when wolf ...
Birth rate
The birth rate (technically, births/population rate) is the total number of live births per 1,000 of a population in a year. The rate of births in a population is calculated in several ways: live births from a universal registration system for births, deaths, and marriages; population counts from a census, and estimation through specialized demographic techniques. The birth rate (along with mortality and migration rate) are used to calculate population growth.The crude birth rate is the number of live births per 1,000 people per year. Another term used interchangeably with birth rate is natality. When the crude death rate is subtracted from the crude birth rate, the result is the rate of natural increase (RNI). This is equal to the rate of population change (excluding migration).The total (crude) birth rate (which includes all births)—typically indicated as births per 1,000 population—is distinguished from an age-specific rate (the number of births per 1,000 persons in an age group). The first known use of the term ""birth rate"" in English occurred in 1859.In 2012 the average global birth rate was 19.15 births per 1,000 total population, compared to 20.09 per 1,000 total population in 2007.The raw birth rate (not births/population rate) is 4.3 births/second for the world (2014 est.).