Quantization of Mechanical Motion
... certain physical variable is if we can define the way to measure it. 2. To make a measurement we need to have a part of our apparatus set up so that definite values of a physical variable can be detected. This part should therefore be a classical object. We call this a measuring device. 3. The only ...
... certain physical variable is if we can define the way to measure it. 2. To make a measurement we need to have a part of our apparatus set up so that definite values of a physical variable can be detected. This part should therefore be a classical object. We call this a measuring device. 3. The only ...
How to test the “quantumness” of a quantum computer?
... gate-based, etc) and even to test it for “quantumness” using classical tools, is the elephant in the room, and it may effectively restrict any further progress. Even taking the optimistic view, that quantum computing is not fundamentally restricted (by, e.g., limits on the size of systems capable of ...
... gate-based, etc) and even to test it for “quantumness” using classical tools, is the elephant in the room, and it may effectively restrict any further progress. Even taking the optimistic view, that quantum computing is not fundamentally restricted (by, e.g., limits on the size of systems capable of ...
Mixed quantum and classical processes in strong fields
... classical or virtual vs real. The distinction is at the heart of the useful technique in strong-field physics, wherein a quantum process is envisaged as being followed by a classical interaction between, for example, a photoelectron and the field that produced it. Despite the widespread use of this ...
... classical or virtual vs real. The distinction is at the heart of the useful technique in strong-field physics, wherein a quantum process is envisaged as being followed by a classical interaction between, for example, a photoelectron and the field that produced it. Despite the widespread use of this ...
1 Complex Numbers in Quantum Mechanics
... angle θ to the axis of the polarizer. This is all well-known seemingly pure classical physics. Now Malus’ law puts no restriction on the intensity of the incident light. So imagine that we gradually but steadily reduce the intensity to the point where we are considering the process photon by photon. ...
... angle θ to the axis of the polarizer. This is all well-known seemingly pure classical physics. Now Malus’ law puts no restriction on the intensity of the incident light. So imagine that we gradually but steadily reduce the intensity to the point where we are considering the process photon by photon. ...
A Review and Prospects of Quantum Teleportation
... Quantum teleportation is based on the well-known concept of quantum entanglement. The word “entanglement” was used by Erwin Schrödinger in 1935 in a three-part paper [8]-[11]. Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen prompted these papers in their paper [12] that raised fundamental questions about quantum mecha ...
... Quantum teleportation is based on the well-known concept of quantum entanglement. The word “entanglement” was used by Erwin Schrödinger in 1935 in a three-part paper [8]-[11]. Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen prompted these papers in their paper [12] that raised fundamental questions about quantum mecha ...
Density operators and quantum operations
... The states |ψj i pertain to part A and orthonormal vectors |bj i to part B. If we measure part B and obtain result bn , which happens with probability pn , we “collapse” the state of A to |ψn i. This way system A is effectively prepared in a mixture of |ψ1 i, |ψ2 i,...,|ψn i, with probabilities p1 , ...
... The states |ψj i pertain to part A and orthonormal vectors |bj i to part B. If we measure part B and obtain result bn , which happens with probability pn , we “collapse” the state of A to |ψn i. This way system A is effectively prepared in a mixture of |ψ1 i, |ψ2 i,...,|ψn i, with probabilities p1 , ...
Thermal noise and correlations in photon detection
... which the dominant thermal backgrounds are contributed by the emission from the telescope and the atmosphere. At short wavelengths 共e.g., optical or near IR兲, the background photon counts follow a Poisson distribution, and the fluctuations are given by 公N where N is the mean number of photons receiv ...
... which the dominant thermal backgrounds are contributed by the emission from the telescope and the atmosphere. At short wavelengths 共e.g., optical or near IR兲, the background photon counts follow a Poisson distribution, and the fluctuations are given by 公N where N is the mean number of photons receiv ...
BASIC IDEAS of QUANTUM MECHANICS I. QUANTUM STATES
... specific way, with perhaps some specific set of relationships between them. Inherent in this idea is that this state of affairs is unique, ie., that if the world is in one specific state A, it cannot at the same time be in another state B; or that it cannot be in 2 different states at the same time, ...
... specific way, with perhaps some specific set of relationships between them. Inherent in this idea is that this state of affairs is unique, ie., that if the world is in one specific state A, it cannot at the same time be in another state B; or that it cannot be in 2 different states at the same time, ...
What Is Quantum Information? - Quantum Theory Group at CMU
... – Interesting analogy, but what are the details? • Deutsch and Hayden (2000) ◦ Technical idea using Heisenberg representation – Causality, not information in Shannon sense • Brukner and Zeilinger (2001) ◦ Shannon ideas don’t work in quantum domain – But they do, if quantum probabilities correctly de ...
... – Interesting analogy, but what are the details? • Deutsch and Hayden (2000) ◦ Technical idea using Heisenberg representation – Causality, not information in Shannon sense • Brukner and Zeilinger (2001) ◦ Shannon ideas don’t work in quantum domain – But they do, if quantum probabilities correctly de ...
Homodyne balanced receiver (BPSK)
... For a BER = 10-9, the number of photons per bit must equal 18 (from 1/2*exp(-Nphotons)) which is equal to the QPSK homodyne and BPSK heterodyne receiver models. For the former, the noise penalty is 3 dB less but the requirement to use a 90 deg hybrid results in a 3 dB signal penalty thus resulting i ...
... For a BER = 10-9, the number of photons per bit must equal 18 (from 1/2*exp(-Nphotons)) which is equal to the QPSK homodyne and BPSK heterodyne receiver models. For the former, the noise penalty is 3 dB less but the requirement to use a 90 deg hybrid results in a 3 dB signal penalty thus resulting i ...
Hadamard Gates - UW
... determines what quantum gate she must apply to her qubit before she sends it to Bob. ...
... determines what quantum gate she must apply to her qubit before she sends it to Bob. ...
Magnetic-field-dependent angular distributions and linear
... Note that the interference effect between the MIT and M2 decay channels does not affect the lifetimes of the 3P2 level, as the total transition rates is given by the incoherent sum of the individual multipole transition rates due to the orthonormality of the vector spherical harmonics when different ...
... Note that the interference effect between the MIT and M2 decay channels does not affect the lifetimes of the 3P2 level, as the total transition rates is given by the incoherent sum of the individual multipole transition rates due to the orthonormality of the vector spherical harmonics when different ...
Experimental realization of Shor`s quantum factoring algorithm using
... assume that each spin experiences independent stochastic relaxation with correlation timescales p1/qi. This permits the use of the phenomenological Bloch equations22, with just two time constants per spin (T1 and T2). We implemented this decoherence model for seven coupled spins via the operator sum ...
... assume that each spin experiences independent stochastic relaxation with correlation timescales p1/qi. This permits the use of the phenomenological Bloch equations22, with just two time constants per spin (T1 and T2). We implemented this decoherence model for seven coupled spins via the operator sum ...
... well as a coherence quantum interface between these qubits allowing for the exchange of information . To the end of realizing an efficient quantum computing architecture, this promising composite qubit approach to a quantum technology has been proposed for ion trap 1 and also for neutral atoms 2. ...
PDF ∗ , 88K - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
... model the relevant electronic structure of the chain by a Huckel π-electron Hamiltonian. We take the usual parameters: the energy of each atomic carbon p orbital is a ) -6.6 eV and only nearest neighbor carbon p orbitals are coupled, with coupling strength β ) -2.7 eV.16 This model predicts alkene t ...
... model the relevant electronic structure of the chain by a Huckel π-electron Hamiltonian. We take the usual parameters: the energy of each atomic carbon p orbital is a ) -6.6 eV and only nearest neighbor carbon p orbitals are coupled, with coupling strength β ) -2.7 eV.16 This model predicts alkene t ...
