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Lecture 4 pdf
Lecture 4 pdf

... • unknown genetic background • long generation time • small family size • no environmental control To look for Mendelian inheritance patterns, employ the use of large pedigrees – large family trees showing relationships and phenotypes pedigree analysis – try to infer genotypes and hence inheritance ...
Patterns Of Inheritance
Patterns Of Inheritance

... F2 plants exhibited both forms of the trait in a very specific pattern: ¾ plants with the dominant form ¼ plant with the recessive form The dominant to recessive ratio was 3 : 1. Mendel discovered the ratio is actually: 1 true-breeding dominant plant 2 not-true-breeding dominant plants 1 true-breedi ...
Population Genetics
Population Genetics

... population occurred in a way that certain allele frequencies were changed then the equilibrium would be lost ...
AP Biology 1. Small Population
AP Biology 1. Small Population

...  Genetic Drift - Random chance events can change frequency of traits in a population ...
Section 1
Section 1

Mendelian Genetics Class Notes
Mendelian Genetics Class Notes

... o written as uppercase letter of the trait o e.g., tall = dominant: TT, tT, or Tt • Recessive allele expressed only if dominant allele is not present. o written as a lowercase letter of the dominant trait o e.g., dwarf = recessive: tt • Genotype = genetic combination of alleles (e.g., TT, Tt, tt) ...
Inherited Characteristics
Inherited Characteristics

Genetics Exam Study Guide
Genetics Exam Study Guide

... 4. What is the P generation? The F1 generation? The F2 generation? 5. What did Mendel find in his studies breeding pea plants? 6. What does it mean for a trait to be dominant? Recessive? 7. What is a gene? What did Mendel call genes? 8. What is an allele? 9. What does it mean for alleles to be homoz ...
Sex-Linked Traits
Sex-Linked Traits

... look for General format: • Example: ...
Black-Footed Ferret Bottleneck Scenario
Black-Footed Ferret Bottleneck Scenario

... how poorly? How does a high or low percentage of genetic diversity affect the population’s survival? How do random changes in the environment affect the population? 2&4 Our population will most likely survive, but take a hard hit form the eagle, and possibly the road near-by. Our ferrets are fairly ...
Gene Mapping Linked traits can be unlinked if crossing over occurs
Gene Mapping Linked traits can be unlinked if crossing over occurs

... Genetic Counseling Gene Mapping ...
Types of Natural Selection
Types of Natural Selection

... • Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium describes populations that are not evolving • Genotype frequencies stay the same over time as long as certain conditions are met: • Very large populations • No emigration or immigration • No mutations • Random mating ...
Study Guide - Mrs. Iufer
Study Guide - Mrs. Iufer

... 12. If a human baby boy inherits a recessive allele from his mother, in which circumstance would he most likely show the trait coded for by the recessive allele? A. The baby inherits the dominant allele from his father B. The allele is on an autosomal chromosome and the baby is a twin. C. The allele ...
Chapter 3 Genetics Study Guide
Chapter 3 Genetics Study Guide

... Probability- The chances of an event occurring Allele- the different forms of a gene Genes- factors that control a trait Trait- each different form of a characteristic: (hair color, eye color) Heredity-The passing on of physical characteristics from parents to offspring Genetics- the study of heredi ...
Dr. Sinan Bahjat MBCh.B., M.Sc., FIBMSL1
Dr. Sinan Bahjat MBCh.B., M.Sc., FIBMSL1

... inherited instructions it carries within its genetic code (i.e. the genetic makeup of an organism). ...
Agents of Evolutionary Change
Agents of Evolutionary Change

...  migration of animals ...
Lecture 9: Genetics
Lecture 9: Genetics

... examined plants that differed in both the shape and color of their peas.  He crossed homozygous plants that produced yellow, round seeds (YYRR) with plants that produced green, wrinkled seeds ...
CHAPTER 11 – INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS
CHAPTER 11 – INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS

Genetics NTK
Genetics NTK

... 2. Genetics is the field of biology that studies how traits are inherited. 3. Traits are determined by genes that are found in the DNA. 4. Alleles are the various forms of a trait that exist. 5. The dominant allele is the allele that shows. 6. The recessive allele is the allele that is hidden. 7. A ...
Class Notes - cloudfront.net
Class Notes - cloudfront.net

... - there was a “ ” affecting the color of the seeds - the “factor” was found to be the “ ...
Genetics II
Genetics II

... c. unable to pass the allele to offspring d. certain to have offspring with the disorder. 2. Suppose a person is a carrier for a genetic disorder. Which of the following phrases about this person is true? a. does not have the disorder but can pass it on. b. will develop the disorder only late i ...
2-11-16 Evolution Outline Packet 2
2-11-16 Evolution Outline Packet 2

CH # 3C
CH # 3C

... • Work with all 7 characteristics, but did them separately • Cross True-breeding dominant plants with true-breeding recessive plants for the same characteristic • Ex) Pure Purple Flowers x Pure White Flowers ...
Selection - Seattle Central College
Selection - Seattle Central College

... • Some types of selection increase variation, other types reduce it • To the extent that phenotype is ...
Using Wooly Worms to Model Natural Selection Lab (Recovered)
Using Wooly Worms to Model Natural Selection Lab (Recovered)

... simulate the feeding by avian predators that have just arrived in the ecosystem. You will feed on (collect) as many worms in a timed session as you can by using chopsticks as model beaks. The collected worms are counted and recorded and a Chi-square test is used to determine if the yarn pieces were ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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