Conserving biodiversity and combating desertification: Achieving
... a The present state of scientific knowledge does not allow for the establishment of generally valid links between biodiversity and desertification issues a The establishment of a set of shared determinants that influence both issues is possible for Northern Mediterranean ...
... a The present state of scientific knowledge does not allow for the establishment of generally valid links between biodiversity and desertification issues a The establishment of a set of shared determinants that influence both issues is possible for Northern Mediterranean ...
Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) - Registre public des espèces en péril
... uncertain, as is the species’ capacity to adapt. The effects of the other factors are mitigated by the species’ deepwater habits and widespread geographical distribution, much of which is outside normal hunting areas in offshore pack ice and in isolated areas of the Arctic. This remote distribution ...
... uncertain, as is the species’ capacity to adapt. The effects of the other factors are mitigated by the species’ deepwater habits and widespread geographical distribution, much of which is outside normal hunting areas in offshore pack ice and in isolated areas of the Arctic. This remote distribution ...
Effects of exploitation on an overabundant species: the lesser snow
... 1. Invasive and overabundant species are an increasing threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning world-wide. As such, large amounts of money are spent each year on attempts to control them. These efforts can, however, be thwarted if exploitation is compensated demographically or if population ...
... 1. Invasive and overabundant species are an increasing threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning world-wide. As such, large amounts of money are spent each year on attempts to control them. These efforts can, however, be thwarted if exploitation is compensated demographically or if population ...
Bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus)
... the 20th century. In 2001, the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort population consisted of approximately 10,470 whales (95% CI 8,100-13,500), with an estimated annual rate of increase of 3.4% (95% CI 1.7-5.0%). The Hudson Bay- Foxe Basin population numbered at least 345 individuals in the mid-1990s. This estima ...
... the 20th century. In 2001, the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort population consisted of approximately 10,470 whales (95% CI 8,100-13,500), with an estimated annual rate of increase of 3.4% (95% CI 1.7-5.0%). The Hudson Bay- Foxe Basin population numbered at least 345 individuals in the mid-1990s. This estima ...
a study on the impact of climate change adaptation and mitigation
... At its eighth session, held from 18 to 29 May 2009, the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues convened a half-day discussion on the Arctic. Based on the discussion, the Permanent Forum adopted several recommendations (see E/2009/43) on the Arctic and climate change. Climate change has an impact on al ...
... At its eighth session, held from 18 to 29 May 2009, the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues convened a half-day discussion on the Arctic. Based on the discussion, the Permanent Forum adopted several recommendations (see E/2009/43) on the Arctic and climate change. Climate change has an impact on al ...
COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Ivory Gull
... four times as many Ivory Gulls were seen in 1993 than in 2002. Long-term Inuit residents of four communities in Arctic Canada also report dramatic declines in the number of Ivory Gulls observed at communities and during spring and fall migration along ice edges. There is also evidence from seal hunt ...
... four times as many Ivory Gulls were seen in 1993 than in 2002. Long-term Inuit residents of four communities in Arctic Canada also report dramatic declines in the number of Ivory Gulls observed at communities and during spring and fall migration along ice edges. There is also evidence from seal hunt ...
Foraging behaviours and population dynamics of arctic foxes
... outside the goose colony at Karrak Lake showed that (i) breeding density and fox abundance were 2-3 times higher inside the colony than they were outside the colony and (ii) litter size, breeding density, and annual variation in fox abundance followed that of small mammal abundance. Small mammal abu ...
... outside the goose colony at Karrak Lake showed that (i) breeding density and fox abundance were 2-3 times higher inside the colony than they were outside the colony and (ii) litter size, breeding density, and annual variation in fox abundance followed that of small mammal abundance. Small mammal abu ...
2015 Annual Report - Alaska Sealife Center
... to tolerate such rapid environmental change. The PHOCAS program is led by Dr. Colleen Reichmuth and is a joint effort between the Alaska SeaLife Center and the University of California Santa Cruz. A novel resource available to this project is a collection of trained ringed, bearded, and spotted seal ...
... to tolerate such rapid environmental change. The PHOCAS program is led by Dr. Colleen Reichmuth and is a joint effort between the Alaska SeaLife Center and the University of California Santa Cruz. A novel resource available to this project is a collection of trained ringed, bearded, and spotted seal ...
PDF, 2241 KB - URPP GCB
... Assessing uncertainty in global change –biodiversity research using multi-scale Bayesian modeling. .............................................................................................................................................. 66 Predicting effects of multiple environmental changes on ...
... Assessing uncertainty in global change –biodiversity research using multi-scale Bayesian modeling. .............................................................................................................................................. 66 Predicting effects of multiple environmental changes on ...
Text - Enlighten - University of Glasgow
... breeding population. We took care to observe any changes in behavior, such as evasive flight, which might indicate an adverse reaction to the presence of the vessel, and, if so, increased the distance of the RIB from the bird. Observers recorded few instances of birds visibly reacting to the RIB, an ...
... breeding population. We took care to observe any changes in behavior, such as evasive flight, which might indicate an adverse reaction to the presence of the vessel, and, if so, increased the distance of the RIB from the bird. Observers recorded few instances of birds visibly reacting to the RIB, an ...
生態學 - 國立臺南大學
... • The scientific study of the distribution and abundance of organisms and the interactions that determine distribution and abundance. (Townsend, Begon and Happer, 2008) • The primitive humans must have been ecologists of sorts – driven by the need to understand where and when their food and their en ...
... • The scientific study of the distribution and abundance of organisms and the interactions that determine distribution and abundance. (Townsend, Begon and Happer, 2008) • The primitive humans must have been ecologists of sorts – driven by the need to understand where and when their food and their en ...
ODD MODEL PARAMETERS CARIBOU AND WOLF PREDATOR
... other estimates of the biomass energy of a caribou 5.5 million Kcal per caribou Wolves within the range of the Western Arctic Caribou Herd killed 6-7% of this caribou population annually. WAC Population ~ 450,000 caribou over 350,000 sq km for density of 1.5 caribou/sq km Valkenburg et. al. (1996) ...
... other estimates of the biomass energy of a caribou 5.5 million Kcal per caribou Wolves within the range of the Western Arctic Caribou Herd killed 6-7% of this caribou population annually. WAC Population ~ 450,000 caribou over 350,000 sq km for density of 1.5 caribou/sq km Valkenburg et. al. (1996) ...
Contrasting Stress Response of Male Arctic Ground Squirrels and Red Squirrels
... A hormonal-challenge protocol was used to compare the stress response of males of Arctic ground squirrels and red squirrels during the breeding season (May). These squirrels live in the same boreal forest of the Yukon, but have very different life histories and utilize the forest in markedly differe ...
... A hormonal-challenge protocol was used to compare the stress response of males of Arctic ground squirrels and red squirrels during the breeding season (May). These squirrels live in the same boreal forest of the Yukon, but have very different life histories and utilize the forest in markedly differe ...
Conceptual ecosystem models are provided for the National Park
... snowshoe hares. Landslides are common in coastal areas due to steep slopes, unstable substrate, and frequent rainfall. Landslides may cover a small proportion of the land area in the Network parks, but are important centers of biodiversity as they provide temporary refugia for pioneer species not fo ...
... snowshoe hares. Landslides are common in coastal areas due to steep slopes, unstable substrate, and frequent rainfall. Landslides may cover a small proportion of the land area in the Network parks, but are important centers of biodiversity as they provide temporary refugia for pioneer species not fo ...
Marine protected area network planning in the
... designate marine areas for enhanced management that; a) are ecologically important or vulnerable and that as a whole work together to achieve a network that is representative of all physical ecological units (akin to habitat types), b) foster connectivity between sites in terms of ecosystem function ...
... designate marine areas for enhanced management that; a) are ecologically important or vulnerable and that as a whole work together to achieve a network that is representative of all physical ecological units (akin to habitat types), b) foster connectivity between sites in terms of ecosystem function ...
- White Rose Research Online
... The Laptev Shelf offshore eastern Siberia represents a rare tectonic setting, comparable to that of the Woodlark Basin and Afar region, where an active oceanic spreading center, the Gakkel Ridge, approaches a continental margin (Figure 1). The North America-Eurasia plate boundary, corresponding to t ...
... The Laptev Shelf offshore eastern Siberia represents a rare tectonic setting, comparable to that of the Woodlark Basin and Afar region, where an active oceanic spreading center, the Gakkel Ridge, approaches a continental margin (Figure 1). The North America-Eurasia plate boundary, corresponding to t ...
Light, temperature and competition
... Shallow rocky-bottom communities are highly productive and diverse ecosystems, sustaining important ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling, primary production and water purification. They are characterized by a hard bottom surface made up by rocks or boulders and little sedimentation, allowing ...
... Shallow rocky-bottom communities are highly productive and diverse ecosystems, sustaining important ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling, primary production and water purification. They are characterized by a hard bottom surface made up by rocks or boulders and little sedimentation, allowing ...
The distribution of deer biomass in North America supports the
... between deer density and AE south of the wolf range, considering that I did not correct for factors such as areas of urbanization, agricultural lands, and nature of farm crops, which all influence deer abundance. It is also worth noting that deer behave like the rest of North American mammals, their ...
... between deer density and AE south of the wolf range, considering that I did not correct for factors such as areas of urbanization, agricultural lands, and nature of farm crops, which all influence deer abundance. It is also worth noting that deer behave like the rest of North American mammals, their ...
Migratory connectivity in Arctic geese: spring stopovers are the weak
... For the two goose species where contribution from the body stores during incubation has been estimated, empirical estimates are available on fuelling rates (Lindström 2003; and our own data). Females would require 10– 12 days to accumulate the stores consumed during incubation (assuming full alloca ...
... For the two goose species where contribution from the body stores during incubation has been estimated, empirical estimates are available on fuelling rates (Lindström 2003; and our own data). Females would require 10– 12 days to accumulate the stores consumed during incubation (assuming full alloca ...
Polar Bears at Risk - Panda
... fact that it spends most of its life at sea. Polar bears are excellent swimmers. They can spend several hours at a time in the icy waters and cover long distances. Their preferred habitat, however, is on top of the ice that covers the arctic seas most of the year. Ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are th ...
... fact that it spends most of its life at sea. Polar bears are excellent swimmers. They can spend several hours at a time in the icy waters and cover long distances. Their preferred habitat, however, is on top of the ice that covers the arctic seas most of the year. Ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are th ...
Polar bears at risk
... fact that it spends most of its life at sea. Polar bears are excellent swimmers. They can spend several hours at a time in the icy waters and cover long distances. Their preferred habitat, however, is on top of the ice that covers the arctic seas most of the year. Ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are th ...
... fact that it spends most of its life at sea. Polar bears are excellent swimmers. They can spend several hours at a time in the icy waters and cover long distances. Their preferred habitat, however, is on top of the ice that covers the arctic seas most of the year. Ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are th ...
Demographic response of tundra small mammals to a snow fencing
... signs of reproduction in winter nests, proportion of lactating females in spring, or the proportion of juveniles caught in spring, which suggests that deep snow did not enhance reproduction. Results on predation were inconsistent across sites as predation by weasels was higher on the experimental ar ...
... signs of reproduction in winter nests, proportion of lactating females in spring, or the proportion of juveniles caught in spring, which suggests that deep snow did not enhance reproduction. Results on predation were inconsistent across sites as predation by weasels was higher on the experimental ar ...
Delivering Biodiversity Gain: Experience and Practicalities Dr Julia
... Example: flood alleviation scheme ...
... Example: flood alleviation scheme ...
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: the emergence of a synthetic ecological framework CHAPTER 1
... chemistry, physics, and geology, to name just a few. Today, ecologists and environmentalists understand that environment and habitat are the endpoints of the collective activities of abiotic and ...
... chemistry, physics, and geology, to name just a few. Today, ecologists and environmentalists understand that environment and habitat are the endpoints of the collective activities of abiotic and ...
Bowhead Whale ( Balaena mysticetus)
... The population was severely depleted by commercial whaling, starting in the 1500s and continuing until about 1910. Since the early 1900s, it has been subject only to sporadic hunting by Inuit in Canada and Greenland. In the absence of commercial whaling, the population is believed to have been incre ...
... The population was severely depleted by commercial whaling, starting in the 1500s and continuing until about 1910. Since the early 1900s, it has been subject only to sporadic hunting by Inuit in Canada and Greenland. In the absence of commercial whaling, the population is believed to have been incre ...
Arctic ecology
Arctic ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in the arctic, the region north of the Arctic Circle (66 33’). This is a region characterized by stressful conditions as a result of extreme cold, low precipitation, a limited growing season (50–90 days) and virtually no sunlight throughout the winter. The Arctic consists of taiga (or boreal forest) and tundra biomes, which also dominate very high elevations, even in the tropics. Sensitive ecosystems exist throughout the Arctic region, which are being impacted dramatically by global warming. The earliest inhabitants of the Arctic were the Neanderthals. Since then, many indigenous populations have inhabited the region, which continues to this day. Since the early 1900s, when Vilhjalmur Stefansson led the first major Canadian Arctic Expedition, the Arctic has been a valued area for ecological research. In 1946, The Arctic Research Laboratory was established in Point Barrow, Alaska under the contract of the Office of Naval Research. This launched an interest in exploring the Arctic examining animal cycles, permafrost and the interactions between indigenous peoples and the Arctic ecology. During the Cold War, the Arctic became a place where the United States, Canada, and the Soviet Union performed significant research that has been essential to the study of climate change in recent years. A major reason why research in the Arctic is essential for the study of climate change is because the effects of climate change will be felt more quickly and more drastically in higher latitudes of the world as above average temperatures are predicted for Northwest Canada and Alaska. From an anthropological point of view, researchers study the native Inuit peoples of Alaska as they have become extremely accustomed to adapting to ecological and climate variability.