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Quantum Computing Applications
... One of the most basic problems in computer science is unstructured search. Imagine we have access to a function f : {0, 1}n → {0, 1} which we treat as a black box. We want to find an x such that f (x) = 1. ...
... One of the most basic problems in computer science is unstructured search. Imagine we have access to a function f : {0, 1}n → {0, 1} which we treat as a black box. We want to find an x such that f (x) = 1. ...
Narrowband biphotons with polarization-frequency
... demonstrated here is much simpler than that in the recent work [22], and it does not require any phase stabilization. In our setup, the main deviation of the measurement from the ideal state is caused by the imperfections of the BS and the wave plates. We can also decouple the frequency-polarization ...
... demonstrated here is much simpler than that in the recent work [22], and it does not require any phase stabilization. In our setup, the main deviation of the measurement from the ideal state is caused by the imperfections of the BS and the wave plates. We can also decouple the frequency-polarization ...
An alternative quantization procedure for the Hydrogen atom
... the action h/2 contributes to the orthogonal motion and the other half to an angular momentum. First prospections of the influence of these assumptions on the atomic model are given by this author, with particular insight into relativistic and quantum magnetic properties. The method we describe in t ...
... the action h/2 contributes to the orthogonal motion and the other half to an angular momentum. First prospections of the influence of these assumptions on the atomic model are given by this author, with particular insight into relativistic and quantum magnetic properties. The method we describe in t ...
QUANTUM MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF TUNNELLING DEVICES USING WAVEPACKETS AND BOHM TRAJECTORIES
... a relatively small bandgap. Between them, two potential barriers are made from a semiconductor with a larger bangap. The region between the two barriers, called the quantum well, is made again from the smaller bandgap semiconductor. Several different material systems can be chosen if the RTD pseudom ...
... a relatively small bandgap. Between them, two potential barriers are made from a semiconductor with a larger bangap. The region between the two barriers, called the quantum well, is made again from the smaller bandgap semiconductor. Several different material systems can be chosen if the RTD pseudom ...
Analysis of the projected Coupled Cluster Method in Electronic
... estimates do not depend explicitly on the size of the basis set. In particular, we will introduce a weighted l2 -norm for the coupled cluster amplitudes, which is shown to be equivalent to the H 1 Sobolev norm of the approximate wave functions to a certain extend. The CC method is trying to compute ...
... estimates do not depend explicitly on the size of the basis set. In particular, we will introduce a weighted l2 -norm for the coupled cluster amplitudes, which is shown to be equivalent to the H 1 Sobolev norm of the approximate wave functions to a certain extend. The CC method is trying to compute ...
An Historical and Modern View on Bell`s Inequality
... We start by discussing some aspects of quantum theory, like the concept of states, the measurement problem, interpretations of the theory etcetera. Then we come to the prehistory of Bell’s inequality: the EPR paradox, von Neumann’s completeness proof, and the Kochen-Specker theorem. Via causality, c ...
... We start by discussing some aspects of quantum theory, like the concept of states, the measurement problem, interpretations of the theory etcetera. Then we come to the prehistory of Bell’s inequality: the EPR paradox, von Neumann’s completeness proof, and the Kochen-Specker theorem. Via causality, c ...
Linear optical controlled-NOT gate in the coincidence basis
... will be our logical 0, which we will write 兩 H 典 c 共to avoid confusion with the vacuum state兲; while a single photon occupation of c V with c H in a vacuum state will be our logical 1, which we will write 兩 V 典 c . Superposition states can also be formed via beam splitter interactions. Similarly the ...
... will be our logical 0, which we will write 兩 H 典 c 共to avoid confusion with the vacuum state兲; while a single photon occupation of c V with c H in a vacuum state will be our logical 1, which we will write 兩 V 典 c . Superposition states can also be formed via beam splitter interactions. Similarly the ...
Unification of Gravity and Electromagnetism
... That the small gravitational coupling constant can be written in this form was recently shown by Haug (2016b). The gravitational coupling constant is often described as the dimensionless gravitational constant and has been discussed in a series of papers in theoretical physics, see Silk (1977), Roze ...
... That the small gravitational coupling constant can be written in this form was recently shown by Haug (2016b). The gravitational coupling constant is often described as the dimensionless gravitational constant and has been discussed in a series of papers in theoretical physics, see Silk (1977), Roze ...
Quantum Theory: a Pragmatist Approach
... 1. Introduction. What is it to interpret quantum theory? Addressing this question, van Fraassen (1991) characterized the interpretative task as an attempt to say: “What is really going on, according to this theory?’ and “How could the world possibly be how this theory says it is?” This ties interpre ...
... 1. Introduction. What is it to interpret quantum theory? Addressing this question, van Fraassen (1991) characterized the interpretative task as an attempt to say: “What is really going on, according to this theory?’ and “How could the world possibly be how this theory says it is?” This ties interpre ...
Opening up three quantum boxes causes classically undetectable
... superpose a physical ball under three separate boxes, real-space separation is not essential to the three-box argument. Alice and Bob can bet on any physical property of a system for which MR assigns mutually exclusive outcomes; for instance, a classical gyroscope revolving about one of three possi ...
... superpose a physical ball under three separate boxes, real-space separation is not essential to the three-box argument. Alice and Bob can bet on any physical property of a system for which MR assigns mutually exclusive outcomes; for instance, a classical gyroscope revolving about one of three possi ...
Advanced Quantum Mechanics - Department of Physics and
... The lectures Advanced Quantum Mechanics in the fall semester 2015 will be taught by Piet Mulders with assistance from Tom van Daal ([email protected]). We will be using a few books, depending on the choice of topics. For the basis we will use these lecture notes and the books Introduction to Qu ...
... The lectures Advanced Quantum Mechanics in the fall semester 2015 will be taught by Piet Mulders with assistance from Tom van Daal ([email protected]). We will be using a few books, depending on the choice of topics. For the basis we will use these lecture notes and the books Introduction to Qu ...
No Slide Title
... Nature isn’t classical, dammit, and if you want to make a simulation of Nature, you’d better make it quantum mechanical, and by golly it’s a wonderful problem, because it doesn’t look so ...
... Nature isn’t classical, dammit, and if you want to make a simulation of Nature, you’d better make it quantum mechanical, and by golly it’s a wonderful problem, because it doesn’t look so ...
A fully self-consistent treatment of collective
... because our theory is the direct analog of the approach used in the study of quantum spin glasses,27–29 interesting connections between quantum systems with and without quenched disorder may be made. For example, our recent study of the spectrum of density fluctuations in liquid para-hydrogen, where ...
... because our theory is the direct analog of the approach used in the study of quantum spin glasses,27–29 interesting connections between quantum systems with and without quenched disorder may be made. For example, our recent study of the spectrum of density fluctuations in liquid para-hydrogen, where ...
POLYNOMIAL-TIME ALGORITHMS FOR PRIME FACTORIZATION
... is a basis vector of the Hilbert space. If the machine is measured (with respect to this basis) at any particular step, the probability of seeing basis state jSi i is jaij2; however, measuring the state of the machine projects this state to the observed basis vector jSi i. Thus, looking at the machi ...
... is a basis vector of the Hilbert space. If the machine is measured (with respect to this basis) at any particular step, the probability of seeing basis state jSi i is jaij2; however, measuring the state of the machine projects this state to the observed basis vector jSi i. Thus, looking at the machi ...
Driven Dirac-like equation via mirror oscillation: Controlled cold
... mωd /2κ)2 ]1/2 ≈ p2 /2m ± h̄κvd /2, where we have used the resonance condition px0 ≈ mωd /2κ and the assumption that the px of a wave packet is strongly peaked at px0 . Same as in our early consideration, the beating frequency between the two eigenvalue branches, i.e., ωreso (p) ≡ E+reso (p)/h̄ − E− ...
... mωd /2κ)2 ]1/2 ≈ p2 /2m ± h̄κvd /2, where we have used the resonance condition px0 ≈ mωd /2κ and the assumption that the px of a wave packet is strongly peaked at px0 . Same as in our early consideration, the beating frequency between the two eigenvalue branches, i.e., ωreso (p) ≡ E+reso (p)/h̄ − E− ...
Spectrum analysis with quantum dynamical systems
... where ĤM is the mechanical Hamiltonian, ĤO is the optical Hamiltonian, and ĥ is the optomechanical interaction Hamiltonian. For example, if the mechanical oscillator with position operator q̂ interacts with one cavity optical mode with photon-number operator n̂, ĥ = −g0 n̂q̂, where g0 is a coup ...
... where ĤM is the mechanical Hamiltonian, ĤO is the optical Hamiltonian, and ĥ is the optomechanical interaction Hamiltonian. For example, if the mechanical oscillator with position operator q̂ interacts with one cavity optical mode with photon-number operator n̂, ĥ = −g0 n̂q̂, where g0 is a coup ...
Probability amplitude
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hydrogen_eigenstate_n5_l2_m1.png?width=300)
In quantum mechanics, a probability amplitude is a complex number used in describing the behaviour of systems. The modulus squared of this quantity represents a probability or probability density.Probability amplitudes provide a relationship between the wave function (or, more generally, of a quantum state vector) of a system and the results of observations of that system, a link first proposed by Max Born. Interpretation of values of a wave function as the probability amplitude is a pillar of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. In fact, the properties of the space of wave functions were being used to make physical predictions (such as emissions from atoms being at certain discrete energies) before any physical interpretation of a particular function was offered. Born was awarded half of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for this understanding (see #References), and the probability thus calculated is sometimes called the ""Born probability"". These probabilistic concepts, namely the probability density and quantum measurements, were vigorously contested at the time by the original physicists working on the theory, such as Schrödinger and Einstein. It is the source of the mysterious consequences and philosophical difficulties in the interpretations of quantum mechanics—topics that continue to be debated even today.