More is Better: The Effects of Multiple Repetitions on Implicit Memory
... In the Reder et al. (1998) experiments, the words were selected from the Medical Research Council psycholinguistic database (Coltheart, 1981). Half the word were selected to have high normative frequencies, and half were selected to have low frequencies. The mean normative Kucera and Francis (1967) ...
... In the Reder et al. (1998) experiments, the words were selected from the Medical Research Council psycholinguistic database (Coltheart, 1981). Half the word were selected to have high normative frequencies, and half were selected to have low frequencies. The mean normative Kucera and Francis (1967) ...
Domain-general mechanisms of complex working memory span
... of CWMS have used somewhat varied measures of verbal CWMS (i.e., reading span, listening span, and operation span). Another problem is that the key fMRI contrasts have differed considerably across studies. For example, one approach (which we favor) is to contrast a CWMS condition (combined storage a ...
... of CWMS have used somewhat varied measures of verbal CWMS (i.e., reading span, listening span, and operation span). Another problem is that the key fMRI contrasts have differed considerably across studies. For example, one approach (which we favor) is to contrast a CWMS condition (combined storage a ...
Priming on perceptual implicit memory tests can be achieved
... lists were a modified subset of the materials used by Roediger and McDermott (1995, Appendix A). The materials for all experiments in this article can be obtained at the author’s website (http://www.artsci.wustl. edu/~ebergman/kath.htm). The lists were truncated and modified so that none of the crit ...
... lists were a modified subset of the materials used by Roediger and McDermott (1995, Appendix A). The materials for all experiments in this article can be obtained at the author’s website (http://www.artsci.wustl. edu/~ebergman/kath.htm). The lists were truncated and modified so that none of the crit ...
Emotional Arousal and Memory Binding
... memory binding and explain these contradictory findings using an object-based framework. According to this framework, emotionally arousing objects attract attention that enhances binding of their constituent features. In contrast, the emotional arousal associated with one object either impairs or ha ...
... memory binding and explain these contradictory findings using an object-based framework. According to this framework, emotionally arousing objects attract attention that enhances binding of their constituent features. In contrast, the emotional arousal associated with one object either impairs or ha ...
Implicit Memory for New Associations: An
... Our suggestion is that the unitized representation apparently required for implicit memory for new associations may arise from the initial, context-dependent encoding of word pairs. From this perspective, the function of the postidentification elaboration required by tasks such as sentence generatio ...
... Our suggestion is that the unitized representation apparently required for implicit memory for new associations may arise from the initial, context-dependent encoding of word pairs. From this perspective, the function of the postidentification elaboration required by tasks such as sentence generatio ...
Complementary Learning Systems
... studied item (typically along with associated episodic context), and when this occurs, people can respond ‘‘old’’ to a probe item with a high level of confidence. In contrast, the familiarity process is driven by some kind of global match between the probe and stored memory items, which results in a ...
... studied item (typically along with associated episodic context), and when this occurs, people can respond ‘‘old’’ to a probe item with a high level of confidence. In contrast, the familiarity process is driven by some kind of global match between the probe and stored memory items, which results in a ...
Memory Cure -- through ‘brain specific nutrients’?
... has not proven effective for improving memory in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. The issue remains open for older adults without serious degenerative neural disease. Research on citicoline is practically nonexistent, but one study reported a robust improvement in story recall for a small ...
... has not proven effective for improving memory in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. The issue remains open for older adults without serious degenerative neural disease. Research on citicoline is practically nonexistent, but one study reported a robust improvement in story recall for a small ...
The retrieval of perceptual memory details depends on right
... autobiographical memory (AM)doffers limited experimental control. For example, emotional content and personal significance are memory characteristics that both correlate with perceptual content (Daselaar et al., 2008; Levine, Svoboda, Hay, Winocur, & Moscovitch, 2002; Rubin et al., 2003) and that ar ...
... autobiographical memory (AM)doffers limited experimental control. For example, emotional content and personal significance are memory characteristics that both correlate with perceptual content (Daselaar et al., 2008; Levine, Svoboda, Hay, Winocur, & Moscovitch, 2002; Rubin et al., 2003) and that ar ...
Heightened Interference on Implicit, but Not Explicit, Tests of
... words but different response words. The lists were the same as those used in previous studies involving normal old people (e.g., Winocur & Moscovitch, 1983) and brain-damaged populations (e.g., Winocur & Weiskrantz, 1976). Each word was printed in large black letters on a blank 3 3 5″ index card. Th ...
... words but different response words. The lists were the same as those used in previous studies involving normal old people (e.g., Winocur & Moscovitch, 1983) and brain-damaged populations (e.g., Winocur & Weiskrantz, 1976). Each word was printed in large black letters on a blank 3 3 5″ index card. Th ...
Visual Memory and Visual Perception Recruit
... (A) Modality-specific processing regions, demarcated in black, include visual, auditory, motor, and olfactory. It should be noted that the ventral visual pathway traverses the inferior occipital and temporal cortex (see text) but is shown in the lateral view for illustrative purposes. Unless otherwi ...
... (A) Modality-specific processing regions, demarcated in black, include visual, auditory, motor, and olfactory. It should be noted that the ventral visual pathway traverses the inferior occipital and temporal cortex (see text) but is shown in the lateral view for illustrative purposes. Unless otherwi ...
The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory
... rejected the notion that memory involves a passive replay of a past experience via the awakening of a literal copy of experience. Although Bartlett did not advocate the extreme position sometimes ascribed to him that memory is always inaccurate (Ost & Costall 2002), he clearly rejected the importanc ...
... rejected the notion that memory involves a passive replay of a past experience via the awakening of a literal copy of experience. Although Bartlett did not advocate the extreme position sometimes ascribed to him that memory is always inaccurate (Ost & Costall 2002), he clearly rejected the importanc ...
The role of attention in binding visual features in working memory
... based on the procedures and results obtained by Allen et al. (2006, Experiment 4), who required young participants to remember coloured shapes while counting backwards by threes from a randomly selected three-digit number. These researchers found that this attentionally demanding task yielded no gre ...
... based on the procedures and results obtained by Allen et al. (2006, Experiment 4), who required young participants to remember coloured shapes while counting backwards by threes from a randomly selected three-digit number. These researchers found that this attentionally demanding task yielded no gre ...
Superior Parietal Cortex Is Critical for the Manipulation of
... order. In Letter-Number Sequencing (Wechsler, 1997a), the subject hears a sequence of alternating digits and letters and attempts to repeat the digits and letters from the sequence, beginning with the digits in numerical order, followed by the letters in alphabetical order. In Arithmetic (Wechsler, ...
... order. In Letter-Number Sequencing (Wechsler, 1997a), the subject hears a sequence of alternating digits and letters and attempts to repeat the digits and letters from the sequence, beginning with the digits in numerical order, followed by the letters in alphabetical order. In Arithmetic (Wechsler, ...
The Role of Working Memory in Reading Disability
... memory limitations are not as consistently or as best fit a model specifying a single latent factor for strongly associated with reading disability as are phonological awareness and for verbal working deficits in metaphonological skills. memory. Others, such as Perfetti and Lesgold These facts warra ...
... memory limitations are not as consistently or as best fit a model specifying a single latent factor for strongly associated with reading disability as are phonological awareness and for verbal working deficits in metaphonological skills. memory. Others, such as Perfetti and Lesgold These facts warra ...
to receive a reprint - Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences
... intermediate representations. Thus, indices of verbal working memory capacity such as the Reading Span Test (Daneman and Carpenter 1980) that measure the ability to simultaneously process sentences and maintain information in memory correlate well with language comprehension abilities under a variet ...
... intermediate representations. Thus, indices of verbal working memory capacity such as the Reading Span Test (Daneman and Carpenter 1980) that measure the ability to simultaneously process sentences and maintain information in memory correlate well with language comprehension abilities under a variet ...
Cortical EEG correlates of successful memory encoding
... information. Thus, perceptual and conceptual features as well as contextual details and self-generated thoughts that pertain to the current episode need to be co-activated during encoding to give rise to new memories. 2.1. Studying successful memory encoding with the subsequent memory paradigm In ad ...
... information. Thus, perceptual and conceptual features as well as contextual details and self-generated thoughts that pertain to the current episode need to be co-activated during encoding to give rise to new memories. 2.1. Studying successful memory encoding with the subsequent memory paradigm In ad ...
Memento`s Revenge: The Extended Mind
... whereas the cyberpunk and Martian players exploit a resource that is part of the general equipment with which they confront the world. Taking the argument one step further, we then considered a second example, one designed to address the portability issue and to extend the treatment to the more cen ...
... whereas the cyberpunk and Martian players exploit a resource that is part of the general equipment with which they confront the world. Taking the argument one step further, we then considered a second example, one designed to address the portability issue and to extend the treatment to the more cen ...
What creates a valuable cue? The underestimated importance of a
... Processing (TAP), argues that memories can be defined by the cognitive operations or activity engaged during the initial creation of that memory. Retrieval is facilitated when the earlier cognitive operations are reactivated (Morris et al., 1977). Neuropsychological models states that TAP is a by-pr ...
... Processing (TAP), argues that memories can be defined by the cognitive operations or activity engaged during the initial creation of that memory. Retrieval is facilitated when the earlier cognitive operations are reactivated (Morris et al., 1977). Neuropsychological models states that TAP is a by-pr ...
3.05 Neural Substrates of Remembering – Electroencephalographic
... must thus be generated by sets of neurons that are oriented together in such a way to produce electrical fields that will conduct to distant locations where recording electrodes are placed. Much neural activity may be electrically silent at the scalp, in the sense that the EEG may not include signal ...
... must thus be generated by sets of neurons that are oriented together in such a way to produce electrical fields that will conduct to distant locations where recording electrodes are placed. Much neural activity may be electrically silent at the scalp, in the sense that the EEG may not include signal ...
Creating associative memory distortions
... the encoding of its associates. The activation of a critical word leads to subsequent errors in recall and recognition that are caused by difficulties in identifying the source of the activation (Johnson, Hashtroudi, & Lindsay, 1993). According to the source monitoring framework (SMF; Johnson et al. ...
... the encoding of its associates. The activation of a critical word leads to subsequent errors in recall and recognition that are caused by difficulties in identifying the source of the activation (Johnson, Hashtroudi, & Lindsay, 1993). According to the source monitoring framework (SMF; Johnson et al. ...
REVIEW Time Course of Auditory Processing, Visual Processing
... the listener to continue processing a signal no longer in physical existence. Because, an individual’s ability to extract featural information increases steadily up to 250 miliseconds ofter onset. It was found that attentional mechanism do not affect performance in the echoic memory stage. However, ...
... the listener to continue processing a signal no longer in physical existence. Because, an individual’s ability to extract featural information increases steadily up to 250 miliseconds ofter onset. It was found that attentional mechanism do not affect performance in the echoic memory stage. However, ...
Neural Global Pattern Similarity Underlies True and False Memories
... three unstudied foil words were placed at the beginning of each test run. The same slow event-related design (12 s for each trial) as in the study phase was used for the retrieval phase. Postscan semantic similarity rating. Immediately after the scan, a semantic similarity rating task was given to t ...
... three unstudied foil words were placed at the beginning of each test run. The same slow event-related design (12 s for each trial) as in the study phase was used for the retrieval phase. Postscan semantic similarity rating. Immediately after the scan, a semantic similarity rating task was given to t ...
The Frontal Cortex and Working with Memory
... conditional learning tasks following FC lesions are neither time-dependent nor due to a straightforward memory failure, as might be argued for hippocampus-lesioned rats. More likely, the effects of FC damage were on conditional rule learning or on the process of response selection. We are not prepar ...
... conditional learning tasks following FC lesions are neither time-dependent nor due to a straightforward memory failure, as might be argued for hippocampus-lesioned rats. More likely, the effects of FC damage were on conditional rule learning or on the process of response selection. We are not prepar ...
1 Behavioral Dynamics of Episodic Memory
... Note that episodic trajectories are not necessarily limited to the dimensions of physical time and space. When I recall walking between the buildings at Boston University, I also remember my thoughts about the environment. As I walked past my graduate student, I remember thinking about his experimen ...
... Note that episodic trajectories are not necessarily limited to the dimensions of physical time and space. When I recall walking between the buildings at Boston University, I also remember my thoughts about the environment. As I walked past my graduate student, I remember thinking about his experimen ...
Using neuroimaging to evaluate models of working memory and
... so doing, neuroimaging can play a critical role in motivating important theoretical advances. Furthermore, although models of working memory often make little contact with models of language processing, we will argue below that neuroimaging data can be used to highlight and understand important poin ...
... so doing, neuroimaging can play a critical role in motivating important theoretical advances. Furthermore, although models of working memory often make little contact with models of language processing, we will argue below that neuroimaging data can be used to highlight and understand important poin ...
Adaptive memory
Adaptive memory is the study of memory systems that have evolved to help retain survival- and fitness-related information. One key element of adaptive memory research is the notion that memory evolved to help survival by better retaining information that is fitness-relevant. One of the foundations of this method of studying memory is the relatively little adaptive value of a memory system that evolved merely to remember past events. Memory systems, it is argued, must use the past in some service of the present or the planning of the future. Another assumption under this model is that the evolved memory mechanisms are likely to be domain-specific, or sensitive to certain types of information. Additionally, it is argued that mechanisms for memory should be geared toward helping an organism enhance its reproductive fitness and chances of surviving.