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islamic civilization: factors behind its glory and decline
islamic civilization: factors behind its glory and decline

... Civilizations generally have complex systems of ownership of land and marketable goods. Yet, Charles Redman (2004) reviewed the above characteristics given by Gordon, as such he classified the characteristics into two, namely; primary characteristics and secondary characteristics. Primary characteri ...
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The Quran in translation: Reading Islam`s holy book

... section comfortably. It has the extensive footnotes of important hadith and tafsir which offend the likes of Khaleel at the Middle East Quarterly, but we are all adults and can think for ourselves. CIMS does a fine service for non-Arabic speakers, providing many books about Islam free in many langua ...
PDF - SAS Publishers
PDF - SAS Publishers

... The place of the Glorious Qur‟an in world‟ affairs cannot be overstressed. It is the direct source of fight guidance to the over 1 .6 billion Muslim population worldwide [1]‟and to many millions of nonMuslims whose lives are positively affected indirectly by the unique, timeless, cross-mate scriptur ...
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... Promotion of Islamic Values Establishment of religious schools – madraras  Ulama (religious scholars), qadis (Islamic judges), and missionaries spread the religion. ...
The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Uthman ibn Affan
The Rightly Guided Caliphs: Uthman ibn Affan

... and legs and locked him in a dark enclosed space. It was not long after this event that Uthman and his wife Ruqayyah participated in the first hijrah. They were part of a small group of Muslims who sort refuge in Abyssinia. After hearing a false rumour that the people of Mecca had all converted to I ...
cheah fook meng
cheah fook meng

... outcome of this competition among rival variants of Islamic schooling and rival visions of Islam, Liow shows, will be a major influence on the future of Islam in southern Thailand. The third and final point I would highlight from Liow’s rich account concerns the relationship of Muslim society and ed ...
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... episodes (lakon) and characters in terms of Islam. For instance in one of the plays derived from the epic, Wahyu Nugroho, the Pandava brothers, protagonists of the Mahabharata, five in number, were interpreted symbolically as the five fundamental principles (rukun) or pillars of Islam. (Ghulam-Sarwa ...
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File

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Ain`t I a Muslim woman?: African American Muslim Women
Ain`t I a Muslim woman?: African American Muslim Women

... "Most
often,
the
matter
of
gender
hegemony
is
referred
to,
although
not
 integrated
and
certainly
not
resolved,
as
progressive
Islam.

Matters
of
class
or
racial
 hegemony
receive
less
direct
attention."14

Amina
Wadud,
known
for
concept
of
gender
 jihad
and
female‐inclusive
interpretations
of
the
Q ...
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Islam, Women, and Equality: Reading the Qur`an for

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... ῎ῌ On Middle Eastern Islamic movements and the harsh governmental response to them, see Munson [ῌΐῒῒ: ῏ῌῌΐ῏], Ayubi [ῌΐΐῌ: chapters ῏ῌῐ] and Owen [ῌΐΐ῍: ῌῑῒῌῌῒῒ]. The only parallel case to Malaysia in the Middle East is probably Jordan, where the “controlled incorporation of some Islamic elements wi ...
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Islam and secularism



The definition and application of secularism, especially the place of religion in society, varies among Muslim countries as it does among European countries and the United States. Secularism is often used to describe the separation of public life and civil/government matters from religious teachings and commandments, or simply the separation of religion and politics. Secularism in Muslim countries is often contrasted with Islamism, and secularists tend to seek to promote secular political and social values as opposed to Islamic ones. Among western scholars and Muslim intellectuals, there are some debates over secularism which include the understanding of political and religious authorities in the Islamic world and the means and degree of application of sharia in legal system of the state.As the concept of secularism varies among secularists in the Muslim world, reactions of Muslim intellectuals to the pressure of secularization also varies. On the one hand, secularism is condemned by some Muslim intellectuals who do not feel that religious influence should be removed from the public sphere. On the other hand, secularism is claimed by others to be compatible with Islam. For example, the quest for secularism has inspired some Muslim scholars who argue that secular government is the best way to observe sharia; ""enforcing [sharia] through coercive power of the state negates its religious nature, because Muslims would be observing the law of the state and not freely performing their religious obligation as Muslims"" says Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im, a professor of law at Emory University and author of Islam and the secular state : negotiating the future of Shariʻa. Moreover, some scholars argue that secular states have existed in the Muslim world since the Middle Ages.Nevertheless, many Muslim-majority countries define themselves as or are regarded as secular, and many of them have a dual system in which Muslims can bring familial and financial disputes to sharia courts. The exact jurisdiction of these courts varies from country to country, but usually includes marriage, divorce, inheritance, and guardianship.
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