Introduction - Friedrich-Schiller
... is the ultimate goal of linguistic typology to determine the invariants of language as a system of communication, contrastive linguistics is concerned with the more fine-grained aspects of cross-linguistic comparison and also takes dependencies between grammatical subsystems (e.g. morphology, syntax ...
... is the ultimate goal of linguistic typology to determine the invariants of language as a system of communication, contrastive linguistics is concerned with the more fine-grained aspects of cross-linguistic comparison and also takes dependencies between grammatical subsystems (e.g. morphology, syntax ...
pages 373–393 - CSLI Publications
... Figure 3: Auxiliaries and modals may intervene sentences like the one in Figure 3, the meaning of the Resultative Construction has to be present at the VP node that is embedded under the modal.5 The consequence is that there has to be some VP node in the description of the Resultative Constructions ...
... Figure 3: Auxiliaries and modals may intervene sentences like the one in Figure 3, the meaning of the Resultative Construction has to be present at the VP node that is embedded under the modal.5 The consequence is that there has to be some VP node in the description of the Resultative Constructions ...
1586398 andersenjlc9 2016 264 292
... became progressively a typical feature of the Russian German varieties (cf. Berend, 2006: 79). The language situation in the German-speaking communities was relatively stable in the first phase of their existence. For more than one and a half centuries these settlements corresponded to the type of l ...
... became progressively a typical feature of the Russian German varieties (cf. Berend, 2006: 79). The language situation in the German-speaking communities was relatively stable in the first phase of their existence. For more than one and a half centuries these settlements corresponded to the type of l ...
Dutch and German R-pronouns and P-stranding: R you sure it`s P
... This chapter provides a fine-tuned investigation of the structure of locative pronouns and, more broadly, of spatial adpositions. I will make two basic arguments. The first is in favour of radical syntactic decomposition of small function words (similar in spirit to Leu 2008a, 2015, this volume), an ...
... This chapter provides a fine-tuned investigation of the structure of locative pronouns and, more broadly, of spatial adpositions. I will make two basic arguments. The first is in favour of radical syntactic decomposition of small function words (similar in spirit to Leu 2008a, 2015, this volume), an ...
What is Verb Second
... will be shown that the term V2 should not be taken as more than a descriptive label, the reason for this being that the verb appears in preposed position only for reasons of morphological integrity. What needs to appear in second position are only the features which are encoded in the inflection of ...
... will be shown that the term V2 should not be taken as more than a descriptive label, the reason for this being that the verb appears in preposed position only for reasons of morphological integrity. What needs to appear in second position are only the features which are encoded in the inflection of ...
The German language - Кафедра іноземних мов
... Of course, even words whose spelling is no different in English and German may be pronounced quite differently. But in reading German, you will see the connections between these languages, even in many of the “small” words (the above examples are all nouns). For example: This week, my father is with ...
... Of course, even words whose spelling is no different in English and German may be pronounced quite differently. But in reading German, you will see the connections between these languages, even in many of the “small” words (the above examples are all nouns). For example: This week, my father is with ...
The resolution of number conflicts in English and German
... gang of thugs - eine Bande von Rowdvs. An attempt was made to keep the structures in both languages as similar as possible. While there is generally no alternative to the of construction in English, German may either use the equivalent von or omit it, as in ein Stapel von Zeitungen vs. ein Stapel Ze ...
... gang of thugs - eine Bande von Rowdvs. An attempt was made to keep the structures in both languages as similar as possible. While there is generally no alternative to the of construction in English, German may either use the equivalent von or omit it, as in ein Stapel von Zeitungen vs. ein Stapel Ze ...
Iconicity and Syncretism
... particularly specific ‘signalling capacities’. Thus the doubly consonantal suffix -(e)st is the only one that indicates unambiguously person as well as number with verb forms (2nd Ps. Sg.). In contradistinction verb suffixes such as -e, -(e)n, -(e)t are each dispersed over more than one person-numbe ...
... particularly specific ‘signalling capacities’. Thus the doubly consonantal suffix -(e)st is the only one that indicates unambiguously person as well as number with verb forms (2nd Ps. Sg.). In contradistinction verb suffixes such as -e, -(e)n, -(e)t are each dispersed over more than one person-numbe ...
Auxiliary verbs in compound tenses in Italian
... the very fact of belonging to this category or not that is of major importance for the present study. In Italian and German, just like in other languages such as French, to create a compound tense, one has to conjugate in the appropriate tense one of two auxiliary verbs: avere/haben ‘to have’ or ess ...
... the very fact of belonging to this category or not that is of major importance for the present study. In Italian and German, just like in other languages such as French, to create a compound tense, one has to conjugate in the appropriate tense one of two auxiliary verbs: avere/haben ‘to have’ or ess ...
Systematic Acquisition of Reading and Writing: An Exploration of
... boundary is within the Trochee. CVCred can not be reduced to a 1-syllable words when there is no morpheme boundary within the Trochee, examples are "bird" ("Vogel") or "vase" ("Vase"). Identifiable features of this word type are the tense/long vowel (V) followed by a single consonant sound and a red ...
... boundary is within the Trochee. CVCred can not be reduced to a 1-syllable words when there is no morpheme boundary within the Trochee, examples are "bird" ("Vogel") or "vase" ("Vase"). Identifiable features of this word type are the tense/long vowel (V) followed by a single consonant sound and a red ...
SUMMARY
... The main addressee form used in German textbooks is we, expressed by a verb in first-person plural or inflexion forms of the personal pronoun we. The form we is used with the meaning ‘I + you [plural]’, where I is the intratextual originator/speaker, and you are the pupils. We can also be interprete ...
... The main addressee form used in German textbooks is we, expressed by a verb in first-person plural or inflexion forms of the personal pronoun we. The form we is used with the meaning ‘I + you [plural]’, where I is the intratextual originator/speaker, and you are the pupils. We can also be interprete ...
Patterns of Dative-Nominative Alternations
... Morphological dative marks IOs in (1a) and what has been argued to be oblique arguments in (1b). Morphological accusative canonically marks DOs, but it may also exceptionally mark IOs, as in (1c), (1d). Dutch is like English in that it does not have a distinction between dative and accusative case. ...
... Morphological dative marks IOs in (1a) and what has been argued to be oblique arguments in (1b). Morphological accusative canonically marks DOs, but it may also exceptionally mark IOs, as in (1c), (1d). Dutch is like English in that it does not have a distinction between dative and accusative case. ...
The typology of motion and posture verbs: a
... languages. Second, this contribution will argue that certain categories and distinctions that have sometimes been taken for granted in typology and cognitive linguistics have to be fundamentally revised if one takes into account dialectological and variationist data. In section 2, some of the main i ...
... languages. Second, this contribution will argue that certain categories and distinctions that have sometimes been taken for granted in typology and cognitive linguistics have to be fundamentally revised if one takes into account dialectological and variationist data. In section 2, some of the main i ...
59.00Kb - G-global www.group
... As I.I.Revzin said: "The importance of shape in the Slavonic language types of plurality is indefinite for a single species - definitions formed on the basis of the opposition" [4.s.155].Consequently, in German and in English linguistics individueller Plural - Indvidual Plural and Einheitsplural -Id ...
... As I.I.Revzin said: "The importance of shape in the Slavonic language types of plurality is indefinite for a single species - definitions formed on the basis of the opposition" [4.s.155].Consequently, in German and in English linguistics individueller Plural - Indvidual Plural and Einheitsplural -Id ...
The typology of motion and posture verbs: A
... There is no doubt that, rather than applying a rigid binary distinction, the languages of the world can be positioned on a cline of manner saliency, with (proto)typical V-languages on one end and typical S-languages on the other end of the scale (Slobin, forthcoming). The list of languages which are ...
... There is no doubt that, rather than applying a rigid binary distinction, the languages of the world can be positioned on a cline of manner saliency, with (proto)typical V-languages on one end and typical S-languages on the other end of the scale (Slobin, forthcoming). The list of languages which are ...
`Everyday language` in emigrant letters and its implications for
... What many readers intuitively feel, however, when they read 19th century texts, i. e. in their original German script and in their original spelling and grammar, is that this is not modern German, but something we may call ‘Middle New High German’ (ca. 1650 to ca. 1950). We might rightly ask which o ...
... What many readers intuitively feel, however, when they read 19th century texts, i. e. in their original German script and in their original spelling and grammar, is that this is not modern German, but something we may call ‘Middle New High German’ (ca. 1650 to ca. 1950). We might rightly ask which o ...
Auxiliary selection in the Early New High German perfect tenses
... Mateu (2009), in Old Catalan and Old Spanish, verbs of existence switched from HAVE to BE earliest, and change-of-state/location verbs retained BE longest. That is, the loss of BE as a perfect auxiliary in these languages began in the center of the ASH and moved up the hierarchy over time. A similar ...
... Mateu (2009), in Old Catalan and Old Spanish, verbs of existence switched from HAVE to BE earliest, and change-of-state/location verbs retained BE longest. That is, the loss of BE as a perfect auxiliary in these languages began in the center of the ASH and moved up the hierarchy over time. A similar ...
Conference Abstracts - Penn State University
... in more linguistic arenas…and considerably more neglect in Pennsylvania Dutch studies. Thus far, only one letter, written by a Mennonite to his wife, has been examined linguistically (Sauer 2005). In this presentation, I will show the substratal influence from Pennsylvania Dutch on Pennsylvania High ...
... in more linguistic arenas…and considerably more neglect in Pennsylvania Dutch studies. Thus far, only one letter, written by a Mennonite to his wife, has been examined linguistically (Sauer 2005). In this presentation, I will show the substratal influence from Pennsylvania Dutch on Pennsylvania High ...
Slověne. Vol. 1. No. 1. Review of GRAMMATICALIZATION IN
... The opening chapter (“Linguistic Area and Grammaticalization Theory”, p. 1–26) contains the paper Is Europe a Linguistic Area? written by Bernd Heine and Motoki Nomachi. The authors discuss a single central Slověne ...
... The opening chapter (“Linguistic Area and Grammaticalization Theory”, p. 1–26) contains the paper Is Europe a Linguistic Area? written by Bernd Heine and Motoki Nomachi. The authors discuss a single central Slověne ...
7 Words and word-formation processes
... Although we have concentrated on each of these word-formation processes in isolation, it is possible to trace the operation of more than one process at work in the creation of a particular word. For example, if you hear someone complain that problems with the project have snowballed, the final term ...
... Although we have concentrated on each of these word-formation processes in isolation, it is possible to trace the operation of more than one process at work in the creation of a particular word. For example, if you hear someone complain that problems with the project have snowballed, the final term ...
някои прилики и разлики между английски и немски език, които
... swelled- swollen), etc. 6. In German there is a tense called Perfekt and just like Present perfect in English is formed with the auxiliary verb haben (have) and the past participle of the main verb. However, in German this tense can be used with time expressions such as yesterday, last month etc. wh ...
... swelled- swollen), etc. 6. In German there is a tense called Perfekt and just like Present perfect in English is formed with the auxiliary verb haben (have) and the past participle of the main verb. However, in German this tense can be used with time expressions such as yesterday, last month etc. wh ...
Jessica Nowak. 2015. Zur Legitimation einer 8. Ablautreihe. Eine
... In Luxembourgish, the term “eighth ablaut class” instead refers to the use of the past tense vowel ou, which is used regardless of either the present tense vowel or the past participle vowel (i. e. the pattern x–ou–x). Among the small number of strong verbs still remaining in the language (eleven in ...
... In Luxembourgish, the term “eighth ablaut class” instead refers to the use of the past tense vowel ou, which is used regardless of either the present tense vowel or the past participle vowel (i. e. the pattern x–ou–x). Among the small number of strong verbs still remaining in the language (eleven in ...
Erzgebirgisch
Erzgebirgisch (or Aarzgebèèrgsch, pronounced [aːɰtskəpɛːɰjkʂ]) is a Central German dialect, spoken mainly in the central Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains). It has received relatively little academic attention. Due to the high mobility of the population and the resulting contact with Upper Saxon, the high emigration rate and last, but not least, its low mutual intelligibility with other dialects, the number of speakers is decreasing.