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... metals. It attempts to fill a slot between the general text and the in-depth review or monograph. The organometallic chemistry is confined to cr-bonded compounds in normal oxidation states; compounds with 7r-bonding ligands are generally excluded. Their inclusion would have increased the length of t ...
design synthesis and functionalization of self assembled
design synthesis and functionalization of self assembled

... Supramolecular chemistry is a broad field, owing to the vast number of diverse structures that can be formed by using a variety of noncovalent intermolecular interactions. Notable ...
ASD v2.0: updated content and novel features
ASD v2.0: updated content and novel features

... create plenty of opportunities to recognize novel allosteric molecules, leading to an explosive growth in the number of allosteric proteins and allosteric modulators. Intrinsically, the allosteric regulation of proteins is triggered by the binding of a modulator to their allosteric sites; thus, it i ...
An in Silico Liver: Model of Gluconeogenesis
An in Silico Liver: Model of Gluconeogenesis

... An in silico liver was developed in attempt to represent the in vivo state of the fasted liver. It featured two conceptual models. The first one represented carbohydrate metabolism of the human liver, which included the heterogeneous nature of the liver by incorporating spatial variation of key enzy ...
Support Material
Support Material

... 13-15 group compounds, e.g., InSb, AlP, GaAs. ...
Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions
Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions

... The Diels–Alder reaction is a powerful reaction for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds in synthetic organic chemistry which allows facile, stereospecific entry into sixmembered ring systems.[1] The structures of various secondary metabolites have led to an array of provocative proposals which sugg ...
Chemistry and Biology of Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions
Chemistry and Biology of Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions

... The Diels–Alder reaction is a powerful reaction for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds in synthetic organic chemistry which allows facile, stereospecific entry into sixmembered ring systems.[1] The structures of various secondary metabolites have led to an array of provocative proposals which sugg ...
1337 Biochemical properties of plasminogen activator inhibitor
1337 Biochemical properties of plasminogen activator inhibitor

... generally accepted ideas about serpin inhibitory mechanisms were made from studies of PAI-1. In addition, PAI-1 has a number of unusual and unique properties of special interest for the understanding of the biochemical properties of serpins, including its ability to assume the latent conformation, t ...
Lectins, as non-self-recognition factors, in crustaceans
Lectins, as non-self-recognition factors, in crustaceans

... self-glycoproteins ŽThiel and Reid, 1989.. This observation is related to the equatorial orientation of the C3–OH and C4–OH groups of the sugar moiety ŽWeis and Drickamer, 1996., a configuration represented in the hexoses N-acetylglucosamine ŽGlcNAc., glucose and fucose as well as mannose. Combinati ...
Noncovalent interactions of molecules with single walled carbon
Noncovalent interactions of molecules with single walled carbon

... misalignment may introduce larger differences in binding energy.31 Often, rather than using a discrete potential, a continuum approach has been used,19,32,34–36 where the electronic density is assumed to be uniform over the surface of the nanotube. The continuum and discrete approaches give similar ...
File
File

... But when you consider a solid, the number of moles per litre or molecules in a certain volume is constant. The molecules everywhere in the solid are about the same distance apart and are the same size: Since CaO and CaCO3 are __________, we can assume that their concentrations are _________. We can ...
Crosslinking Technical Handbook
Crosslinking Technical Handbook

... of crosslinkers containing them. In addition, the charged group prevents sulfoNHS crosslinkers from permeating cell membranes, enabling them to be used for cell surface crosslinking methods. ...
Ryoji Noyori - Nobel Lecture
Ryoji Noyori - Nobel Lecture

... complex in the late 1930s (M. Calvin, 1961 Nobel laureate)[10]; homogeneous hydrogenation of olefinic substrates with RuCl3 in 1961 (J. Halpern, J. Harrod, and B. R. James)[11]; and hydrogenation of olefinic compounds using RhCl[P(C6H5)3]3 in 1965 (G. Wilkinson, 1973 Nobel laureate)[12]. Most import ...
glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway
glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway

... FIGURE 14–1 Major pathways of glucose utilization. Although not the only possible fates for glucose, these three pathways are the most significant in terms of the amount of glucose that flows through them in most cells. ...
Stoichiometric Calculations
Stoichiometric Calculations

... How many liters of NO2 (g) will be created from reacting 36 L of O2 (g) with a sufficient amount of NH3 (g)? ...
Acyl-CoA oxidase is imported as a heteropentameric, cofactor
Acyl-CoA oxidase is imported as a heteropentameric, cofactor

... complex. (A) Peroxisomes purified from the 20KgP fraction of YPBO-grown wild-type (P01d) cells were lysed by addition of LC buffer and subjected to centrifugation to yield a supernatant enriched for matrix proteins. Matrix proteins were subjected to immunoaffinity chromatography under native conditi ...
Photometric Detection of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotides
Photometric Detection of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotides

... The main role of NAD(P)+ in metabolism is the transfer of electrons from one redox reaction to another, which is very important in the release of energy from nutrients. The reduced compounds such as glucose are oxidized, releasing energy. The energy is transferred to NAD + by reducing it to NADH, as ...
08 Redox Reactions
08 Redox Reactions

... In the direct redox reaction, the transferance of electrons is limited to very small distances and therefore, no useful electrical work could be obtained. In these reactions, chemical energy appears as heat. If the transferance of electrons from zinc to copper ions is allowed to occur through some m ...
Jelena Raspopovic Molecular basis for digit patterning in the vertebrate limb
Jelena Raspopovic Molecular basis for digit patterning in the vertebrate limb

... molecules that play an important role during the early digit patterning process. In this chapter I also present my two publications with the respective supplementary material. My first publication with the title “A GDF5 Point Mutation Strikes Twice - Causing BDA1 and SYNS2”, is a collaboration with ...
Supplemental Table 3
Supplemental Table 3

... [evidence IEA]; Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions [goid 8237] [evidence IEA]; Interacting selectively with zinc (Z ...
Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium
Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium

... 15.2 The Equilibrium Constant, K 15.2a Equilibrium Constants The relationship between forward and reverse rate constants for an equilibrium system is shown in an equilibrium constant expression and quantified by an equilibrium constant (K). An equilibrium constant expression is written by rearrangi ...
inclusion of a glycogen regulation mathematical model into a
inclusion of a glycogen regulation mathematical model into a

... My initial interest in the application of mathematics to biological systems was inspired by an example given in one of my classes for a mathematical application to cancer detection. The thought of using mathematics to further medical knowledge and thus help people encouraged me to work in the field ...
Molecules in motion: influences of diffusion on metabolic structure
Molecules in motion: influences of diffusion on metabolic structure

... reaction flux interact to affect concentration profiles of a diffusing molecule for cases where diffusion would not be limiting and for cases where it may be limiting. In this example, there is a point source for the diffusing molecule and that molecule is consumed (sink) as it diffuses away from th ...
Escherichia coli FtsZ polymers contain mostly GTP and
Escherichia coli FtsZ polymers contain mostly GTP and

... induced a very fast increase in the light scattering signal, which was already maximal in about 10 s (not shown). The signal was higher than in the absence of Ca21, indicating the formation of large filament bundles. The GTPase activity was inhibited (Table 1). The incorporation of radioactive label ...
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Multi-state modeling of biomolecules

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules refers to a series of techniques used to represent and compute the behaviour of biological molecules or complexes that can adopt a large number of possible functional states.Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem of how to describe and specify a multi-state system (the ""specification problem"") and the problem of how to use a computer to simulate the progress of the system over time (the ""computation problem""). To address the specification problem, modelers have in recent years moved away from explicit specification of all possible states, and towards rule-based formalisms that allow for implicit model specification, including the κ-calculus, BioNetGen, the Allosteric Network Compiler and others. To tackle the computation problem, they have turned to particle-based methods that have in many cases proved more computationally efficient than population-based methods based on ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, or the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. Given current computing technology, particle-based methods are sometimes the only possible option. Particle-based simulators further fall into two categories: Non-spatial simulators such as StochSim, DYNSTOC, RuleMonkey, and NFSim and spatial simulators, including Meredys, SRSim and MCell. Modelers can thus choose from a variety of tools; the best choice depending on the particular problem. Development of faster and more powerful methods is ongoing, promising the ability to simulate ever more complex signaling processes in the future.
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