Life in the Aftermath of Mass Extinctions
... complexity in ecosystems, the fundamental organization (structure) and function of ecosystems is often permanently changed (Figure 2B) [13,39–41]. How do we know that ecosystems changed, and what does it mean for understanding the evolution of life in the aftermath? The PT extinction, the greatest m ...
... complexity in ecosystems, the fundamental organization (structure) and function of ecosystems is often permanently changed (Figure 2B) [13,39–41]. How do we know that ecosystems changed, and what does it mean for understanding the evolution of life in the aftermath? The PT extinction, the greatest m ...
Nevada Wildlife Action Plan - Nevada Department of Wildlife
... widely distributed and interconnected in the wetter geologic periods following the Pleistocene glaciation. Once connected through more mesic conditions to source populations of montane voles at higher elevations, this valley floor relict is now completely isolated and occurs as much as 100 miles fro ...
... widely distributed and interconnected in the wetter geologic periods following the Pleistocene glaciation. Once connected through more mesic conditions to source populations of montane voles at higher elevations, this valley floor relict is now completely isolated and occurs as much as 100 miles fro ...
A Simple Technique for Trapping Siren lacertina, Amphiuma means
... study was conducted at Lake Suggs (Sorensen2003), which compared the effectiveness ofVexarTM-lined funnel traps with plastic minnow-traps (4 cm wide funnels and 7 X 7 mm maximum mesh size). With more than 200 captures,and nearly equal numbers of A. meansand S. /acertina, the VexarTM-lined crayfish t ...
... study was conducted at Lake Suggs (Sorensen2003), which compared the effectiveness ofVexarTM-lined funnel traps with plastic minnow-traps (4 cm wide funnels and 7 X 7 mm maximum mesh size). With more than 200 captures,and nearly equal numbers of A. meansand S. /acertina, the VexarTM-lined crayfish t ...
Extinction thresholds: insights from simple models
... different version of Eq. 5 which included territoriality and life history. His model was applied to the case of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). Equation 5 is a very crude description of a real situation, and colonization and extinction rates may be difficult to estimate. But n ...
... different version of Eq. 5 which included territoriality and life history. His model was applied to the case of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). Equation 5 is a very crude description of a real situation, and colonization and extinction rates may be difficult to estimate. But n ...
Establishing new populations 2011 September (accessible version)
... Barred Galaxias is a small freshwater fish endemic to upper headwater streams of the Goulburn River catchment, Victoria. It has a yellow-orange body colour with up to 10 black, vertical bars along the sides. They are relatively long-lived, have low fecundity and are slow growers. Barred Galaxias is ...
... Barred Galaxias is a small freshwater fish endemic to upper headwater streams of the Goulburn River catchment, Victoria. It has a yellow-orange body colour with up to 10 black, vertical bars along the sides. They are relatively long-lived, have low fecundity and are slow growers. Barred Galaxias is ...
Other Contributions - Mesoamerican Herpetology
... Oscaecilia osae. Predation and Habitat. Caecilians generally are difficult to find and their biology remains largely unknown. Most species are fossorial, and often live in moist soils adjacent to streams, lakes, and swamps (Zug. et al., 2001). The distribution of the genus Oscaecilia extends from so ...
... Oscaecilia osae. Predation and Habitat. Caecilians generally are difficult to find and their biology remains largely unknown. Most species are fossorial, and often live in moist soils adjacent to streams, lakes, and swamps (Zug. et al., 2001). The distribution of the genus Oscaecilia extends from so ...
Biodiversity Hotspots
... Sustainable Forestry Initiative 9 which require that procurement promotes the conservation of biodiversity hotspots. Biodiversity importance – The biodiversity importance of hotspots is due to the high vulnerability of habitats and high irreplaceability of species found within large geographic regio ...
... Sustainable Forestry Initiative 9 which require that procurement promotes the conservation of biodiversity hotspots. Biodiversity importance – The biodiversity importance of hotspots is due to the high vulnerability of habitats and high irreplaceability of species found within large geographic regio ...
Interim koala referral advice for proponents
... than15 km of cleared rural land or artificial barriers), and there is very little likelihood of exchange of individuals between the two groups, then the two may be considered separate populations. If you identify a koala population in your study area, you need to determine whether it is an important ...
... than15 km of cleared rural land or artificial barriers), and there is very little likelihood of exchange of individuals between the two groups, then the two may be considered separate populations. If you identify a koala population in your study area, you need to determine whether it is an important ...
Extinction: bad genes or bad luck?
... and surprisingly little attention has been devoted to the problem by population biologists. Cases of extermination s f species by human activities are celebrated and well known: the extinction may occur directly by human predation (hunting, etc.) or indirectly through the effects of other species in ...
... and surprisingly little attention has been devoted to the problem by population biologists. Cases of extermination s f species by human activities are celebrated and well known: the extinction may occur directly by human predation (hunting, etc.) or indirectly through the effects of other species in ...
Learning Outcomes for Ecology Concepts and Applications 6e
... 1. Describe the environmental circumstances, especially temperature conditions, in which the Sonoran Desert cicada, Diceroprocta apache, emits its buzzing call. 2. List the research questions that Eric Toolson considered as he went about collecting Sonoran Desert cicadas. 6.1 Water Availability 1. D ...
... 1. Describe the environmental circumstances, especially temperature conditions, in which the Sonoran Desert cicada, Diceroprocta apache, emits its buzzing call. 2. List the research questions that Eric Toolson considered as he went about collecting Sonoran Desert cicadas. 6.1 Water Availability 1. D ...
Levin, S.A. (editor). Encyclopedia
... fire and grazing) that create and maintain grassland habitats (Askins et al., 2007). Landscape-level analyses have revealed the specific habitat features required for foraging and nesting by these birds (Ribic and Sample, 2001; Veech, 2006). These species are sensitive to the fragmentation of their ...
... fire and grazing) that create and maintain grassland habitats (Askins et al., 2007). Landscape-level analyses have revealed the specific habitat features required for foraging and nesting by these birds (Ribic and Sample, 2001; Veech, 2006). These species are sensitive to the fragmentation of their ...
The ecological consequences of habitat fragmentation
... Perhaps the greatest value of the seminal work by Fahrig (2003) is that she has cemented fragmentation as the landscape-level phenomenon that it truly is, not as a patch-level phenomenon. Much of what the study of habitat fragmentation is concerned with today is the ecological consequences of land-u ...
... Perhaps the greatest value of the seminal work by Fahrig (2003) is that she has cemented fragmentation as the landscape-level phenomenon that it truly is, not as a patch-level phenomenon. Much of what the study of habitat fragmentation is concerned with today is the ecological consequences of land-u ...
Human acceleration of animal and plant extinctions: A Late
... 2007; Leakey and Lewin, 1995). Long before the formal proposal to define a new Anthropocene Epoch (Zalasiewicz et al., 2008), a variety of scientists identified post-industrial humans as the driving force behind the current and on-going mass extinction (e.g., Glavin, 2007; Leakey and Lewin, 1995). Cle ...
... 2007; Leakey and Lewin, 1995). Long before the formal proposal to define a new Anthropocene Epoch (Zalasiewicz et al., 2008), a variety of scientists identified post-industrial humans as the driving force behind the current and on-going mass extinction (e.g., Glavin, 2007; Leakey and Lewin, 1995). Cle ...
Terrestrial Habitat, Ecosystem and Plants Technical Report
... Ecosite type: A classification of site conditions that have important influences on ecosystem patterns and processes. Site attributes that were directly or indirectly used for terrestrial habitat classification included moisture regime, drainage regime, nutrient regime, surface organic layer thickne ...
... Ecosite type: A classification of site conditions that have important influences on ecosystem patterns and processes. Site attributes that were directly or indirectly used for terrestrial habitat classification included moisture regime, drainage regime, nutrient regime, surface organic layer thickne ...
Tadpoles, Predation and Pond Habitats in the Tropics METHODS
... Institute of Water Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, U.S.A. ...
... Institute of Water Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, U.S.A. ...
black-flanked rock-wallaby (Petrogale lateralis lateralis)
... do not need to drink, and conserve water by sheltering from the hot day-time temperatures in caves. ...
... do not need to drink, and conserve water by sheltering from the hot day-time temperatures in caves. ...
Tadpoles, Predation and Pond Habitats in the Tropics
... and Bufo 17"l4rinus, were divided into three size classes. For each 90-minute trial, 12 individuals of each size class of one of the species were put into the experimental containers with two naiads. The same group of predators was used in each trial, rwo naiads being selected each day. The results ...
... and Bufo 17"l4rinus, were divided into three size classes. For each 90-minute trial, 12 individuals of each size class of one of the species were put into the experimental containers with two naiads. The same group of predators was used in each trial, rwo naiads being selected each day. The results ...
883) What controls the ability of species to respond (by
... proportion of these stock that are available for conservation grazing, whether it will be regionally different. And if and how any changes can be used positively to increase the number of appropriate stock available locally for cons grazing on agriculturally poor sites. 7) Are there alternatives to ...
... proportion of these stock that are available for conservation grazing, whether it will be regionally different. And if and how any changes can be used positively to increase the number of appropriate stock available locally for cons grazing on agriculturally poor sites. 7) Are there alternatives to ...
Status of the Plains Spadefoot - Alberta Conservation Association
... populations of species and their habitats in the province. The reports are also designed to provide current information which will assist the Alberta Endangered Species Conservation Committee to identify species that may be formally designated as endangered or threatened under the Alberta Wildlife A ...
... populations of species and their habitats in the province. The reports are also designed to provide current information which will assist the Alberta Endangered Species Conservation Committee to identify species that may be formally designated as endangered or threatened under the Alberta Wildlife A ...
Status of the Plains Spadefoot in Alberta
... populations of species and their habitats in the province. The reports are also designed to provide current information which will assist the Alberta Endangered Species Conservation Committee to identify species that may be formally designated as endangered or threatened under the Alberta Wildlife A ...
... populations of species and their habitats in the province. The reports are also designed to provide current information which will assist the Alberta Endangered Species Conservation Committee to identify species that may be formally designated as endangered or threatened under the Alberta Wildlife A ...
Single-species models for many
... might sometimes reduce these to single-species cycles. We analysed 108 time series from natural populations (comprising 40 species), each of which exhibited statistically significant cycles and met criteria ensuring a rigorous test of the predictions (Methods). We classified each species into one of ...
... might sometimes reduce these to single-species cycles. We analysed 108 time series from natural populations (comprising 40 species), each of which exhibited statistically significant cycles and met criteria ensuring a rigorous test of the predictions (Methods). We classified each species into one of ...
Late Quaternary Extinctions: State of the Debate
... Here, we offer a continent-by-continent summary of the LQE, focusing mostly on mammals. We do not discuss Holocene island extinctions in any detail because most researchers accept that anthropogenic factors were pivotal. We evaluate the main hypotheses proposed to explain the LQE and focus on the im ...
... Here, we offer a continent-by-continent summary of the LQE, focusing mostly on mammals. We do not discuss Holocene island extinctions in any detail because most researchers accept that anthropogenic factors were pivotal. We evaluate the main hypotheses proposed to explain the LQE and focus on the im ...
Nevada Wildlife Action Plan - Nevada Department of Wildlife
... floodplain maintenance processes because of altered river flows and channelization. The Virgin and Muddy rivers, Meadow Valley Wash, and the Pahranagat River all have significant stretches of natural riparian vegetation left, but most stretches of these streams have also been severely invaded by tam ...
... floodplain maintenance processes because of altered river flows and channelization. The Virgin and Muddy rivers, Meadow Valley Wash, and the Pahranagat River all have significant stretches of natural riparian vegetation left, but most stretches of these streams have also been severely invaded by tam ...
File
... frogs breed and lay their eggs in smaller ponds because of the lack of predators, which also leads to a greater mean density of tadpoles in the small pond. We expected to find a greater mean temperature in the small pond, however the data did not support this. As seen in table 13, the water temperat ...
... frogs breed and lay their eggs in smaller ponds because of the lack of predators, which also leads to a greater mean density of tadpoles in the small pond. We expected to find a greater mean temperature in the small pond, however the data did not support this. As seen in table 13, the water temperat ...
Defensive behaviour in Aplastodiscus leucopygius
... Keywords. Anurans, amphibians, Brazil, behaviour, Atlantic Forest ...
... Keywords. Anurans, amphibians, Brazil, behaviour, Atlantic Forest ...
Decline in amphibian populations
Since the 1980s, declines in amphibian populations, including population crashes and mass localized extinctions, have been noted from locations all over the world. These declines are perceived as one of the most critical threats to global biodiversity, and several causes are believed to be involved, including disease, habitat destruction and modification, exploitation, pollution, pesticide use, introduced species, and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B). However, many of the causes of amphibian declines are still poorly understood, and the topic is currently a subject of much ongoing research. Calculations based on extinction rates suggest that the current extinction rate of amphibians could be 211 times greater than the background extinction rate and the estimate goes up to 25,000–45,000 times if endangered species are also included in the computation.