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File - Working Toward Zero HAIs
File - Working Toward Zero HAIs

... place” and the actual physical act of gardening is a stress reducer and mood lifter. Antidepressant microbes in soil cause cytokine levels to rise, which results in the production of higher levels of serotonin. The bacterium was tested both by injection and ingestion on rats and the results were inc ...
Year 9 Biology Learning Cycle 3 Overview
Year 9 Biology Learning Cycle 3 Overview

... Define the term pathogen and state the four main groups of pathogen. Explain how pathogens can be spread to plants or animals and cause infection. Describe the main differences between bacteria and viruses. Explain how the spread of disease can be reduced or prevented. ...
fungal infections - The Filipino Doctor
fungal infections - The Filipino Doctor

... Dermatophytosis can be acquired either directly or indirectly from other people (anthropophilic), animals (zoophilic), and soil (geophilic). iii. predisposing factors • Genetic predisposing • Underlying systemic diseases e.g. diabetes • Pregnancy • Malnutrition • Immunosuppressio ...
Chapter 29: Additional Health Conditions
Chapter 29: Additional Health Conditions

... • Gonorrhea and chlamydia can be cured with antibiotic medication however, it cannot undo the damage done prior to treatment • Syphilis is treated with penicillin and other 3rd generation antibiotics but these medications are only effective in primary and secondary syphilis. There is no cure for ter ...
Understanding Our Environment
Understanding Our Environment

... Diet and nutrition, infectious agents, toxic chemicals, genetics, trauma and psychological stress all play roles in morbidity (illness) and ...
Pacifiers Linked to Ear Infections
Pacifiers Linked to Ear Infections

... media, ear infections are very common in young children. Antibiotics do not generally work and the infection tends clear on its own within a few days but some children are prone to repeated bouts. The researchers from University Medical Center, Utrecht said some studies before had found a link betwe ...
PPT - Indiana University
PPT - Indiana University

... • Clostridium botulinum – Proliferates in non-sterile canned foods, elaborates neurotoxin blocking ACh release, severe paralysis of respiratory and skeletal muscles ...
XML - Undergraduate Science Journals
XML - Undergraduate Science Journals

... Bacillus anthracis: Diseases Bacillus anthracis is also known as anthrax. There are three main routes of infection when it comes to anthrax: cutaneous (skin) anthrax, gastrointestinal anthrax and inhalation anthrax. Cutaneous anthrax is usually found in the soil and infects people through open wound ...
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... genome-encoded virulence factors. As with some other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, on close contact with a host cell in vivo, Y.pestis produces a hollow needle-like projection through which effector proteins (Yersinia outer proteins, Yops) are translocated directly into the host cell. This is t ...
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USA HIV Epidemic_2013

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Tuberculosis - American Thoracic Society
Tuberculosis - American Thoracic Society

Cleanic - Wilhelm May GmbH
Cleanic - Wilhelm May GmbH

... health risk for patients and visitors, because touching door handles in institutions where there are a great number of visitors often does not remain without consequences. The transfer of pathogens is almost unavoidable, since germs can survive several days on conventional materials. Investigations ...
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CASE CONFERENCE

... complications – Lungs, bone, joint, soft tissue, CNS, liver, spleen, kidney ...
Definitions - Harris Training Institute, Inc.
Definitions - Harris Training Institute, Inc.

... Contact Precautions – a transmission based precaution that prevents spread of harmful germs by direct contact, using Standard Precautions, plus gown and gloves Direct Contact – mutual touching of two things, people, or organisms which may cause the spread of harmful germs Droplet Precautions – a tra ...
Considerations in the Dental Management of Children with HIV
Considerations in the Dental Management of Children with HIV

... • Expression of infection may reflect timing in transmission • Highly variable disease course, but more rapid progression than in adults • More susceptible to bacterial infections than adults • 20% of HIV infected children are clinically symptomatic within the first year of life • 50% have AIDS by a ...
Biology 340 Name
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... causes severe gastrointestinal irritation and diarrhea. causes partial breakdown of hemoglobin into bilirubin and biliverdin, resulting the yellow skin discoloration associated with jaundice. causes flaccid paralysis by blocking synaptic transmission at motor neuron end plates. causes rigid paralysi ...
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... e) Newly released antibodies circulate in the bloodstream and eventually find their antigen match (proteins of the virus capsid) f) Using various mechanisms the antibodies help eliminate the pathogens g) Memory cells: some of the cloned plasma cells remain in the bloodstream and provide immunity ag ...
disease_caused_by_toxoplasma
disease_caused_by_toxoplasma

... yellowish discoloration to the gums and other tissues of the body (jaundice or icterus); vomiting; diarrhea; buildup of fluid in the abdomen (ascites) • Nervous system disease following birth—seen in less than 10% of affected pets; blindness; stupor; incoordination; circling; contraction of the neck ...
Introduction to Disease Ecology: Measuring the Impacts of Diseases
Introduction to Disease Ecology: Measuring the Impacts of Diseases

... Copyright 2006, The Johns Hopkins University and Gregory E. Glass. All rights reserved. Use of these materials permitted only in accordance with license rights granted. Materials provided “AS IS”; no representations or warranties provided. User assumes all responsibility for use, and all liability r ...
Hepatitis B Prevention
Hepatitis B Prevention

... Global Disease Burden • 2,000 million have markers of current or past infection • 350 million have chronic infection – 15%-25% will die from chronic liver disease (liver cancer and cirrhosis) – about 750,000 deaths per year ...
Nocardia A review of the pathogen by Mark Crislip MD Made
Nocardia A review of the pathogen by Mark Crislip MD Made

... • Human infection usually occurs from minor trauma and direct inoculation of the skin or soft tissues or by inhalation. It is also a common animal infection • Outbreaks in oncology and transplant wards and surgical wounds have occurred from fomites, hospital construction with resultant contaminated ...
Summary analysis of the safety of nonoxynol
Summary analysis of the safety of nonoxynol

... inflammation and genital ulcerations (mainly of the vulva) occur in about 5-10% of users (1). Allergic reactions can occur in either partner but are rare. When used regularly, nonoxynol may suppress the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus and lead to urogenital colonisation by pathogens, notably Esc ...
Classification of Immunodeficiency states
Classification of Immunodeficiency states

... • Rare genetic defect - diagnosis requires detailed molecular investigation • Patients may have features of rare syndrome ...
BIO119 - Copy
BIO119 - Copy

... person to show convincingly that _____ cause disease. He help establish the ____ theory. Bacteria produce disease in one of two general way. Some ____ the cell and tissues of the infected organism directly by breaking down the cells food. Some release ____ (poisons) that travel throughout the body i ...
4. Infection control in health care facilities
4. Infection control in health care facilities

... from the completely innocuous to the extremely pathogenic: the former will never cause an infection, even in immunocompromised individuals, while the latter will cause an infection in any case of contamination. A classiÞcation of conventional, conditional, and opportunistic pathogens is given in Box ...
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Infection



Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to these organisms and the toxins they produce. Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.Infections are caused by infectious agents including viruses, viroids, prions, bacteria, nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, fungi such as ringworm, and other macroparasites such as tapeworms and other helminths.Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths). The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as Infectious Disease.
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