• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
New Oral Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis
New Oral Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis

... expressed on lymphocytes ● Binding causes receptors to internalize or degrade from cell surface ● Down-regulation: S1P signal that controls proliferation and migration becomes blocked, preventing lymphocytes from exiting lymph nodes ● This reduces overall lymphocyte count in the bloodstream, thereby ...
The Role of CD2 Family Members in NK-Cell Regulation of B
The Role of CD2 Family Members in NK-Cell Regulation of B

... selection of B-cell Ig produced as a result of stimulation by a T independent antigen (TI), NP-Ficoll [31]. A TI antigen was chosen since the presence of anti-CD48 would likely block a T dependent response that requires help from antigen presenting cells [26,32]. The requirement for NK cells was asc ...
The Role of CD2 Family Members in NK-Cell Regulation of B
The Role of CD2 Family Members in NK-Cell Regulation of B

... selection of B-cell Ig produced as a result of stimulation by a T independent antigen (TI), NP-Ficoll [31]. A TI antigen was chosen since the presence of anti-CD48 would likely block a T dependent response that requires help from antigen presenting cells [26,32]. The requirement for NK cells was asc ...
Chapter 5
Chapter 5

... Recent therapeutic advances are turning cancer into a more chronic disease. With patients being treated on and off with cytotoxic drugs in order to control metastasis, the effects of such treatment on the immune system in the long run should be considered. Safeguarding the immune competence of cance ...
Highly multiplexed profiling of single
Highly multiplexed profiling of single

... was used to isolate and trap individual cells to retain sufficient protein concentrations even if single cells were captured (Fig. 1A and SI Appendix, Fig. S1). The antibody barcode array slide was fabricated by flow patterning of 42 capture antibodies and three controls in 15 serpentine lines such ...
Inflammation and cancer: An ancient link with novel potentials
Inflammation and cancer: An ancient link with novel potentials

... expression is reported in more than 50% of gastric cancer cases and is associated with liver metastasis.54 Chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in mice enhances IL-1 expression in keratinocytes.55,56 Both TNF-a and IL-6 contributed to the chemically induced skin tumors and lymphomas in mice.57–59 ...
Viral Virulence - University of California, Los Angeles
Viral Virulence - University of California, Los Angeles

... gE/gI glycoprotein can act as Fc receptors; prevent effector functions of antiviral antibodies produced by the host ...
Overview of your immune system
Overview of your immune system

... e.g., they activate macrophages and help B cells make antibody ...
Saladin 5e Extended Outline
Saladin 5e Extended Outline

... a. The fluid passes through lymph nodes where immune cells stand guard. b. These cells activate a protective immune response. 3. Lipid absorption. In the small intestine, special lymphatic vessels called lacteals absorb dietary lipids not absorbed by blood capillaries. C. The components of the lymph ...
Major Histocompatibility Complex I Mediates Immunological
Major Histocompatibility Complex I Mediates Immunological

... HLA-A and HLA-B. These are classical MHC I that induce inflammation and their expression of immune rejection might lead to recognition by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and immune rejection. However, the cultured trophoblast cells in this experiment continued to express only tolerance-inducing HLA-G. This ...
Immune-Genetic Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem
Immune-Genetic Algorithm for Traveling Salesman Problem

... The computer implementation for the improved immune-genetic algorithm is given in section 4, and finally the computer numerical experiments will be given in this book chapter. ...
T Cells After Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus + Evolution of Epitope
T Cells After Clearance of Hepatitis C Virus + Evolution of Epitope

... the majority of the expanded pool of T cells undergoes activationinduced cell death, but a percentage will survive long term as memory cells. The selection of epitope-specific cells, with the most favorable TCR-MHC interaction, leads to the preservation of the same specificities in the memory popula ...
3: Cellular Level Experiments
3: Cellular Level Experiments

... calcium is said to be a “second messenger”. Calcium acts in a multitude of ways in its capacity as a second messenger. For example, among the proteins on the surface of nerve cells are certain enzymes called calcium-dependent protein kinases which, when activated by the calcium changes, cause action ...
Butyrophilin and Butyrophilin- like genes and their role in
Butyrophilin and Butyrophilin- like genes and their role in

... differentiation, which takes several days, and includes memory that makes future responses against a specific antigen more efficient. There are two types of adaptive immune responses: humoral immunity, mediated by antibodies produced by B lymphocytes, and cell-mediated immunity, mediated by T lympho ...
LECTURE OUTLINE
LECTURE OUTLINE

... Th (helper)Tc (cytotoxic-killer) or Tm (memory). ...
Introduction to the Immune System
Introduction to the Immune System

... The Complement System Infection results in activation of complement proteins via a series of proteolytic reactions that yield biologically active fragments. These coupled proteolytic reactions result in an amplification cascade, in which limited stimulation of proximal complement components results ...
Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate
Testicular defense systems: immune privilege and innate

... inflammatory conditions. The rat testis also contains immunoregulatory T cells, including natural killer (NK) T cells and CD41CD251 regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are powerful immunosuppressive cells that promote peripheral tolerance and control the tolerogenic versus autoimmune response to sperm ...
Development of blood cells
Development of blood cells

... Th (helper)Tc (cytotoxic-killer) or Tm (memory). ...
RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES AND THE REGULATION OF
RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES AND THE REGULATION OF

... Axl/Tyro3/Mer family of receptors[5, 6] contains two immunoglobulin-like domains and two fibronectin type III repeats in the ectodomain and a contiguous kinase domain with two tandem tyrosines in the activation loop. The murine STK/human RON receptor[7, 8], a member of the ...
Progress and prospects: Zinc-finger nucleases as gene therapy agents
Progress and prospects: Zinc-finger nucleases as gene therapy agents

... specific, and some induce significant toxicity. In at least two cases, the toxicity has been demonstrated to be due to excessive cleavage, presumably at unintended sites.10,13 It is also possible that simple binding of single ZFNs to genomic sites without cleavage could disrupt normal gene expressio ...
Blood Cells - Dr Magrann
Blood Cells - Dr Magrann

... 2.They can directly destroy bacteria by popping their cell membrane. 3.They can also destroy body cells infected with viruses. 4. T cells attack foreign cells directly by popping the cell membrane. 5.They do not need to phagocytize the invading cell. They do not need the assistance of antibodies. 6. ...
Glossary of terms that may be used in breast cancer clinical trial
Glossary of terms that may be used in breast cancer clinical trial

... Complete remission – The disappearance of all signs of caner in response to treatment. This does not always mean the cancer has been cured. Also called a complete response. Contralateral – On the opposite side of the body; in breast cancer, the other breast. Control group – The standard by which exp ...
Antigen-Antibody Interaction
Antigen-Antibody Interaction

... hypermutation [17,18]. In view of the clonal selection theory, this work reviews some relevant detail of antigen-antibody interaction, specifically antigenlymphocyte interaction that is central to the theory of acquired immunity. Section II provides some background by introducing some immunological ...
- Doctor of the Future
- Doctor of the Future

... antigens to the Peyer’s patches which are the doorway to the lymphatic system (immune responses to blood borne antigens are initiated in the spleen, while response to tissue antigens starts in the local lymph nodes)  Current immune concept states that cellular immunity involves the Th1 pathway wher ...


... inflammation, the additional appearance of oxygen radicals from any source may lead to prolonged and additive inflammatory effects, mediated in part through the transcription factor NF-κB. How this synergistic effect is mediated, remains unknown. The variations of the effect of the different agents ...
< 1 ... 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 ... 553 >

Immunomics

Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another. Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system’s most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report