General Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease
... fidelity), mutation & repair (types of mutations, mutagens, DNA repair processes), gene transfer (transposons, extrachromosomal elements), mechanisms of DNA exchange, recombination, genetic engineering, polymerase chain reaction. Bacterial Genetics & Antibiotic Resistance - cases illustrating the ro ...
... fidelity), mutation & repair (types of mutations, mutagens, DNA repair processes), gene transfer (transposons, extrachromosomal elements), mechanisms of DNA exchange, recombination, genetic engineering, polymerase chain reaction. Bacterial Genetics & Antibiotic Resistance - cases illustrating the ro ...
(MRSA)and the veterinary profession
... Colonised and infected in-patients remain the major reservoir of MRSA in hospitals, with transient carriage of the organism on the hands of healthcare workers being the primary means of infection. Other studies show that it can be transmitted through direct contact in the community, aerosols, and in ...
... Colonised and infected in-patients remain the major reservoir of MRSA in hospitals, with transient carriage of the organism on the hands of healthcare workers being the primary means of infection. Other studies show that it can be transmitted through direct contact in the community, aerosols, and in ...
Comparison of respiratory virus infection between human
... Extracellular HRV and RSV load has been determined by CPE assay in Hela cells and Hep2G cells, respectively. Twenty µl of supernatant was collected and 10-fold serial dilutions of the supernatant were prepared with DMEM containing 1% FCS. All titrations were performed by infecting confluent Hela/Hep ...
... Extracellular HRV and RSV load has been determined by CPE assay in Hela cells and Hep2G cells, respectively. Twenty µl of supernatant was collected and 10-fold serial dilutions of the supernatant were prepared with DMEM containing 1% FCS. All titrations were performed by infecting confluent Hela/Hep ...
Lecture 7 Host Defense Against Infection
... Ex.: staphylococcal bacteria may escape from one person’s respiratory tract to infect another person’s skin lesion. If that person is a foodhandler, the staphylococcal bacteria may escape from the infected skin lesion, contaminate food where it can incubate, and cause “food poisoning” in people eati ...
... Ex.: staphylococcal bacteria may escape from one person’s respiratory tract to infect another person’s skin lesion. If that person is a foodhandler, the staphylococcal bacteria may escape from the infected skin lesion, contaminate food where it can incubate, and cause “food poisoning” in people eati ...
Tuberculosis - Ministry of Health
... tuberculosis or M. bovis, characterised histopathologically by the formation of granulomas. Most infections are asymptomatic or non-progressive. The most common site of infection is the lung (pulmonary TB), where TB infection classically causes an asymmetrical pulmonary infiltrate, which undergoes c ...
... tuberculosis or M. bovis, characterised histopathologically by the formation of granulomas. Most infections are asymptomatic or non-progressive. The most common site of infection is the lung (pulmonary TB), where TB infection classically causes an asymmetrical pulmonary infiltrate, which undergoes c ...
Sexually Transmitted Infection Dr. Tetty Aman Nasution, MMedSc Departemen Mikrobiologi
... Serological diagnosis : Serum and genital fluid contain IgG and IgA antibody Antibody to pili, OMP and lipopolysaccharide ...
... Serological diagnosis : Serum and genital fluid contain IgG and IgA antibody Antibody to pili, OMP and lipopolysaccharide ...
Infectious Diseases
... cells, and cause the increase in the thermoregulatory set-point in the hypothalamus. Other examples of endogenous pyrogens are interleukin 6 (IL-6), and ...
... cells, and cause the increase in the thermoregulatory set-point in the hypothalamus. Other examples of endogenous pyrogens are interleukin 6 (IL-6), and ...
Septic Shock
... • The immune system is not fully mature at birth and may not be well developed in some aspects until a child reaches school age. Even with a wellfunctioning immune system, young children can have up to six upper respiratory tract infections per year for the first 3 to 5 years of life . ...
... • The immune system is not fully mature at birth and may not be well developed in some aspects until a child reaches school age. Even with a wellfunctioning immune system, young children can have up to six upper respiratory tract infections per year for the first 3 to 5 years of life . ...
EN: Procalcitonin (PCT) Reference Ranges
... Caution: PCT levels below 0.5 µg/L do not exclude an infection, because localized infections (without systemic signs) may be associated with such low levels. Also if the PCT measurement is done very early after a follow ing bacterial challenge (usually < 6 hours), these values may still be low. In t ...
... Caution: PCT levels below 0.5 µg/L do not exclude an infection, because localized infections (without systemic signs) may be associated with such low levels. Also if the PCT measurement is done very early after a follow ing bacterial challenge (usually < 6 hours), these values may still be low. In t ...
Septic Shock
... • The immune system is not fully mature at birth and may not be well developed in some aspects until a child reaches school age. Even with a wellfunctioning immune system, young children can have up to six upper respiratory tract infections per year for the first 3 to 5 years of life . ...
... • The immune system is not fully mature at birth and may not be well developed in some aspects until a child reaches school age. Even with a wellfunctioning immune system, young children can have up to six upper respiratory tract infections per year for the first 3 to 5 years of life . ...
Review of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type
... review of the literature on HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa to assess data from recent cohorts and selected cross-sectional studies to delineate rates of opportunistic infections, associated CD4 cell counts, and associated mortality. We searched the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database o ...
... review of the literature on HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa to assess data from recent cohorts and selected cross-sectional studies to delineate rates of opportunistic infections, associated CD4 cell counts, and associated mortality. We searched the MEDLINE database and the Cochrane Database o ...
NICE Guidance on prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
... Any infection in patients at risk of endocarditis(1) should be investigated promptly and treated appropriately to reduce the risk of endocarditis. If patients at risk of endocarditis(1) are undergoing a gastro-intestinal or genito-urinary tract procedure at a site where infection is suspected, they ...
... Any infection in patients at risk of endocarditis(1) should be investigated promptly and treated appropriately to reduce the risk of endocarditis. If patients at risk of endocarditis(1) are undergoing a gastro-intestinal or genito-urinary tract procedure at a site where infection is suspected, they ...
EQUINE INFECTIOUS DISEASE UPDATE
... salmonellosis in adult horses, has different risk factors (seasonal, geographic, no concurrent illness, etc.), but clinically looks very much like salmonellosis. There is a specific treatment for Potomac horse fever, tetracycline intravenously, and the quicker it is given in the course of the diseas ...
... salmonellosis in adult horses, has different risk factors (seasonal, geographic, no concurrent illness, etc.), but clinically looks very much like salmonellosis. There is a specific treatment for Potomac horse fever, tetracycline intravenously, and the quicker it is given in the course of the diseas ...
COPD/Asthma - Nursing Home Help
... • Blood Oxygen saturation level < 92% on room air or on usual O2 settings in patients with chronic oxygen requirements. • Respiratory rate above 24 breaths/minute • Evidence of focal pulmonary consolidation on exam, including rales, rhonchi, decreased breathe sounds, or dullness to percussion Treatm ...
... • Blood Oxygen saturation level < 92% on room air or on usual O2 settings in patients with chronic oxygen requirements. • Respiratory rate above 24 breaths/minute • Evidence of focal pulmonary consolidation on exam, including rales, rhonchi, decreased breathe sounds, or dullness to percussion Treatm ...
ICAAC-2010-uti-and-thigh
... (Arenicola marina). NZ17074, a variant of arenicin-3 (amino acid sequence: GFCWNVCVYRNGVRVCHRRCN), has shown in vitro activity against a range of Gram-negative bacteria including resistant strains of E. coli (please refer to posters F1-2070 and F1-2071 for further information). The purpose of these ...
... (Arenicola marina). NZ17074, a variant of arenicin-3 (amino acid sequence: GFCWNVCVYRNGVRVCHRRCN), has shown in vitro activity against a range of Gram-negative bacteria including resistant strains of E. coli (please refer to posters F1-2070 and F1-2071 for further information). The purpose of these ...
Principles of Antibiotic Policies - International Federation of Infection
... • Emergence of resistance – reduced effectiveness, increased toxicity, increased costs • To preserve susceptibility – or to postpone development of resistance – antibiotics should be used rationally ...
... • Emergence of resistance – reduced effectiveness, increased toxicity, increased costs • To preserve susceptibility – or to postpone development of resistance – antibiotics should be used rationally ...
A REVIEW Spread and prevention of some common viral infections
... outbreaks are mainly those eaten raw, or those not cooked after handling, e.g. salads, cold meats and fruit. Worldwide, rotavirus is probably the most important viral pathogen causing diarrhoeal disease in infants, infecting virtually all children aged 3±5 years (Parashar et al. 1998a). However, a r ...
... outbreaks are mainly those eaten raw, or those not cooked after handling, e.g. salads, cold meats and fruit. Worldwide, rotavirus is probably the most important viral pathogen causing diarrhoeal disease in infants, infecting virtually all children aged 3±5 years (Parashar et al. 1998a). However, a r ...
Pneumococcal and Legionella Urinary Antigen Tests (UAT)
... those who fail outpatient therapy, and patients admitted to the ICU.1 They particularly recommend the use of the pneumococcal UAT in patients who have been initiated on antibiotics. The pneumococcal UAT has decreased specificity in children. The utility of the pneumococcal UAT in healthcare-associat ...
... those who fail outpatient therapy, and patients admitted to the ICU.1 They particularly recommend the use of the pneumococcal UAT in patients who have been initiated on antibiotics. The pneumococcal UAT has decreased specificity in children. The utility of the pneumococcal UAT in healthcare-associat ...
Clinical aspects and outcomes of 70 patients with Middle East
... 3.2. Distribution and clustering of cases The distribution of new cases was variable during the study period, with peaks of increased activity in September 2013 and April 2014. The increased disease activity in the community was associated with an increase in healthcare transmission of infection and ...
... 3.2. Distribution and clustering of cases The distribution of new cases was variable during the study period, with peaks of increased activity in September 2013 and April 2014. The increased disease activity in the community was associated with an increase in healthcare transmission of infection and ...
Human infections due to Mycobacterium lentiflavum: first report in Iran
... regard to the enormity of varieties of these organisms, the sporadic diseases caused by them, and the difficulties in detecting such bacilli, the reported cases are still somewhat few. Therefore, any kind of disease caused by NTM, especially those presenting with clinical manifestations during their ...
... regard to the enormity of varieties of these organisms, the sporadic diseases caused by them, and the difficulties in detecting such bacilli, the reported cases are still somewhat few. Therefore, any kind of disease caused by NTM, especially those presenting with clinical manifestations during their ...
worksheet for infectious and communicable diseases
... Fever, tonsillitis, lymphadenopathy. _D__Fifth’s Disease; slapped cheeks. Not contagious after the rash appears; Assoc. with fetal demise with exposure in first trimester. _F__Erythema Migrans; often in the groin, axilla, thigh. ...
... Fever, tonsillitis, lymphadenopathy. _D__Fifth’s Disease; slapped cheeks. Not contagious after the rash appears; Assoc. with fetal demise with exposure in first trimester. _F__Erythema Migrans; often in the groin, axilla, thigh. ...
OSHA-Universal Precautions
... excretions, except sweat, regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood; 3) non-intact skin; and 4) mucous membranes. Standard precautions are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in hospitals. ...
... excretions, except sweat, regardless of whether or not they contain visible blood; 3) non-intact skin; and 4) mucous membranes. Standard precautions are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection in hospitals. ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF - e
... pyomyositis in a 55 year old diabetic woman, who was referred to us with features of sepsis. She was managed with broad spectrum antibiotics, insulin, hemodynamic monitoring and multiple surgical drainages. There was delay in diagnosis due to its clinical resemblance with other tropical infectious d ...
... pyomyositis in a 55 year old diabetic woman, who was referred to us with features of sepsis. She was managed with broad spectrum antibiotics, insulin, hemodynamic monitoring and multiple surgical drainages. There was delay in diagnosis due to its clinical resemblance with other tropical infectious d ...
Hospital-acquired infection
Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) — also known as nosocomial infection — is an infection whose development is favored by a hospital environment, such as one acquired by a patient during a hospital visit or one developing among hospital staff. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated roughly 1.7 million hospital-associated infections, from all types of microorganisms, including bacteria, combined, cause or contribute to 99,000 deaths each year. In Europe, where hospital surveys have been conducted, the category of gram-negative infections are estimated to account for two-thirds of the 25,000 deaths each year. Nosocomial infections can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream and other parts of the body. Many types are difficult to attack with antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance is spreading to gram-negative bacteria that can infect people outside the hospital.Hospital-acquired infections are an important category of hospital-acquired conditions. HAI is sometimes expanded as healthcare-associated infection to emphasize that infections can be correlated with health care in various settings (not just hospitals), which is also true of hospital-acquired conditions generally.