Downloaded - The Journal of Immunology
... include flu-like symptoms, often accompanied by erythema migrans at the site of the tick bite, and regional lymphadenopathy (3, 4). We recently developed a mouse model of infection with host-adapted B. burgdorferi spirochetes that closely mimics the clinical course of tick-borne infection and can se ...
... include flu-like symptoms, often accompanied by erythema migrans at the site of the tick bite, and regional lymphadenopathy (3, 4). We recently developed a mouse model of infection with host-adapted B. burgdorferi spirochetes that closely mimics the clinical course of tick-borne infection and can se ...
Atypical MHC class II-expressing antigen
... clones that express ‘useful’ antigen receptors. Ralph Steinman termed this quality ‘immunogenicity’ (REF. 145), and crucial work by McDevitt, Sela and Humphrey146–148 showed that immunogenicity required ‘immune response’ genes, which mapped to the MHC locus. Zinkernagel and Doherty149 first demonstr ...
... clones that express ‘useful’ antigen receptors. Ralph Steinman termed this quality ‘immunogenicity’ (REF. 145), and crucial work by McDevitt, Sela and Humphrey146–148 showed that immunogenicity required ‘immune response’ genes, which mapped to the MHC locus. Zinkernagel and Doherty149 first demonstr ...
Improved Clonal Selection Algorithm (ICLONALG)
... 6) Recognition: of foreigners: the (harmful) molecules that are not native to the body are recognized and eliminated by the immune system. ...
... 6) Recognition: of foreigners: the (harmful) molecules that are not native to the body are recognized and eliminated by the immune system. ...
Identification of Gelsolin, a Ca`-dependent Regulatory Protein of
... lysis is not likely to account for the bulk of gelsolin in serum and that gelsolin is present normally in the extracellular fluid component of blood. Since blood contains millimolar concentrations of Ca", gelsolin should be able to maintain any actin released into the blood stream as a result of cel ...
... lysis is not likely to account for the bulk of gelsolin in serum and that gelsolin is present normally in the extracellular fluid component of blood. Since blood contains millimolar concentrations of Ca", gelsolin should be able to maintain any actin released into the blood stream as a result of cel ...
A B - Padis
... evasion strategies, including the inhibition of phagosome-lysosome fusion and the inhibition of phagosome acidification (Pieters 2008). Mycobacterial cell wall lipids such as lipoarabinomannan (LAM) have been demonstrated to modulate phagosome maturation. In fact, LAM incorporates into the phagosoma ...
... evasion strategies, including the inhibition of phagosome-lysosome fusion and the inhibition of phagosome acidification (Pieters 2008). Mycobacterial cell wall lipids such as lipoarabinomannan (LAM) have been demonstrated to modulate phagosome maturation. In fact, LAM incorporates into the phagosoma ...
Thyroid Autoimmune Diseases
... bacteria; Yersinia enterocolitica) and TSHreceptors on thyroid follicular cells. • Strong association with DR3, DQα , and DQβ genotype of MHC II haplotypes ...
... bacteria; Yersinia enterocolitica) and TSHreceptors on thyroid follicular cells. • Strong association with DR3, DQα , and DQβ genotype of MHC II haplotypes ...
cancer vaccines: between the idea and the reality
... bound by many different receptors that are expressed by DCs, macrophages and perhaps NK cells and other cells of the innate system. This induces their maturation, activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Many of these receptors belong to the family of Toll-like receptors that are loc ...
... bound by many different receptors that are expressed by DCs, macrophages and perhaps NK cells and other cells of the innate system. This induces their maturation, activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Many of these receptors belong to the family of Toll-like receptors that are loc ...
How does Salmonella evade the adaptive immune system? by
... shown to promote actin filament polymerization by decreasing the monomer concentration needed for filament assembly. 57 Of the SPI-1 TTSS effectors, SopE, SopE2 and SopB are also key in indirectly modulating the actin network. Actin assembly and disassembly is controlled by Rae and Cdc42, small GTP ...
... shown to promote actin filament polymerization by decreasing the monomer concentration needed for filament assembly. 57 Of the SPI-1 TTSS effectors, SopE, SopE2 and SopB are also key in indirectly modulating the actin network. Actin assembly and disassembly is controlled by Rae and Cdc42, small GTP ...
CANCER VACCINES: BETWEEN THE IDEA AND THE REALITY Olivera J. Finn
... bound by many different receptors that are expressed by DCs, macrophages and perhaps NK cells and other cells of the innate system. This induces their maturation, activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Many of these receptors belong to the family of Toll-like receptors that are loc ...
... bound by many different receptors that are expressed by DCs, macrophages and perhaps NK cells and other cells of the innate system. This induces their maturation, activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Many of these receptors belong to the family of Toll-like receptors that are loc ...
The Glutasyn Story
... GSH acts as a detoxifying agent. In the liver, GSH is an essential player in helping the body detoxify drugs, foreign chemicals, pollutants and carcinogens. GSH helps in regulating protein and DNA biosynthesis and cell growth. Aging occurs when cells lose their ability to replicate and regenerate th ...
... GSH acts as a detoxifying agent. In the liver, GSH is an essential player in helping the body detoxify drugs, foreign chemicals, pollutants and carcinogens. GSH helps in regulating protein and DNA biosynthesis and cell growth. Aging occurs when cells lose their ability to replicate and regenerate th ...
webinar 3
... a simple sugar. Alpha-Galactosidase: • Is a Glycoprotein (protein & carbohydrate) that helps in the digestion of fats and proteins. ...
... a simple sugar. Alpha-Galactosidase: • Is a Glycoprotein (protein & carbohydrate) that helps in the digestion of fats and proteins. ...
Single-cell analysis of the dynamics and functional outcomes of
... can also secrete cytokines and chemokines that promote the induction of a robust immune response.1,2 NK cells identify target cells using a variety of activating and inhibitory germlineencoded surface receptors.3,4 The integration of signals from these receptors regulates the cells’ cytolytic and se ...
... can also secrete cytokines and chemokines that promote the induction of a robust immune response.1,2 NK cells identify target cells using a variety of activating and inhibitory germlineencoded surface receptors.3,4 The integration of signals from these receptors regulates the cells’ cytolytic and se ...
Author`s personal copy
... umbilical cord endothelial cells, and this process can be blocked by the addition of recombinant NS1.42 Furthermore, the treatment of such umbilical cord cells with murine antidengue NS1 antibodies, but not Japanese encephalitis NS1 antibodies, induced the production of IL-6, IL-8, and monocyte chem ...
... umbilical cord endothelial cells, and this process can be blocked by the addition of recombinant NS1.42 Furthermore, the treatment of such umbilical cord cells with murine antidengue NS1 antibodies, but not Japanese encephalitis NS1 antibodies, induced the production of IL-6, IL-8, and monocyte chem ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress in the
... other in a crowed environment and directed to degradative pathway (18). Molecular chaper‐ ones in the ER preferentially interact with hydrophobic surface patches on unfolded pro‐ teins and create a private folding environment by preventing unfolded proteins from interaction and aggregation with othe ...
... other in a crowed environment and directed to degradative pathway (18). Molecular chaper‐ ones in the ER preferentially interact with hydrophobic surface patches on unfolded pro‐ teins and create a private folding environment by preventing unfolded proteins from interaction and aggregation with othe ...
Type I
... Under some circumstances, immunity, rather than providing protection, produces damaging and sometimes fatal results. Such deleterious reactions are known collectively as hypersensitivity reactions, but it should be remembered that they differ from protective immune reactions only in that they are ex ...
... Under some circumstances, immunity, rather than providing protection, produces damaging and sometimes fatal results. Such deleterious reactions are known collectively as hypersensitivity reactions, but it should be remembered that they differ from protective immune reactions only in that they are ex ...
Bacterial Otitis Media, the Chinchilla Middle Ear, and Biofilms
... that time, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis have been shown to be capable of inducing bacterial otitis media in the chinchilla [5, 6]. The model bears many similarities to human disease and can be induced by intranasal instillation of bacteria after inoculation with a respiratory vir ...
... that time, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis have been shown to be capable of inducing bacterial otitis media in the chinchilla [5, 6]. The model bears many similarities to human disease and can be induced by intranasal instillation of bacteria after inoculation with a respiratory vir ...
Regulatory T cell phenotype and function 4 with type 1 diabetes
... transcription factor FOXP3 and low levels of the IL-7 receptor CD127 [18-22]. However, both FOXP3 ...
... transcription factor FOXP3 and low levels of the IL-7 receptor CD127 [18-22]. However, both FOXP3 ...
Lecture Title: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY ( 1
... Innate/Natural/Non‐Adaptive Immune Responses: ...
... Innate/Natural/Non‐Adaptive Immune Responses: ...
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Its Structurally Related
... that CRH and Ucn may also have autocrine effects on mast cells. Mast cells are found everywhere in the body and are necessary for allergic and late phase reactions because they secrete many vasoactive molecules and cytokines (14, 15). Recent evidence indicates that mast cells may also be involved in ...
... that CRH and Ucn may also have autocrine effects on mast cells. Mast cells are found everywhere in the body and are necessary for allergic and late phase reactions because they secrete many vasoactive molecules and cytokines (14, 15). Recent evidence indicates that mast cells may also be involved in ...
HOPE HOPE - Hope College of Arts and Sciences
... subsequently internalized by endocytosis. PreS and IgA receptors are accused of this interaction. HBV-preS specific receptors are primarily expressed on hepatocytes; however, viral DNA and proteins have also been detected in extrahepatic sites, suggesting that cellular receptors for HBV may also exi ...
... subsequently internalized by endocytosis. PreS and IgA receptors are accused of this interaction. HBV-preS specific receptors are primarily expressed on hepatocytes; however, viral DNA and proteins have also been detected in extrahepatic sites, suggesting that cellular receptors for HBV may also exi ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑