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What you need to know about vaccinations
What you need to know about vaccinations

... respiratory tract, which can spread to other organs.20 It spreads through the bloodstream and infects the joints, bones, lungs, skin, face, neck, eyes, urinary tract and other organs.20 These bacteria may cause two severe, often fatal infections: meningitis and epiglottitis.20 The bacteria are sprea ...
licensed under a . Your use of this Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License
licensed under a . Your use of this Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License

... Why aren’t some vaccines more effective? Why can’t we eradicate more disease? What new vaccines might be approved in the future? What diseases other than infections might be prevented with vaccines? 6. Why do we have so many misunderstandings about vaccine safety? ...
Contribution of microbiology to the management of sepsis
Contribution of microbiology to the management of sepsis

... Discovery of C.botulinum 900: The Byzantine Emperor Leo VI banns consumption of blood sausages because of association with fatal food poisoning compatible with botulism 1820: Justinus Kerner: complete description of clinical condition of “Wurßtvergiftung” or “Botulismus” as associated with consumpt ...
CDC Immunization Guide - Winona State University
CDC Immunization Guide - Winona State University

... Why was it so feared? V. major (smallpox) kills about 33% of adults and over 80% of children who contracted it. Long-term complications of V. major infection include characteristic scars, commonly on the face, which occur in 65–85% of survivors. Smallpox was responsible for an estimated 300–500 mill ...
Unit 11: Nervous System Diseases
Unit 11: Nervous System Diseases

... – Gives off a very powerful toxin (100x more powerful than some poisons)  Passes along the nerves to the spinal cord ...
boostrix -ipv
boostrix -ipv

... Tetanus (Lockjaw) Tetanus bacteria enter the body through wounded skin. Wounds that are especially prone to infection are burns, fractures, deep wounds or wounds contaminated with soil, dust, horse manure or wood splinters. The bacteria release a toxin (poison), which can cause muscle stiffness, pai ...
Anaerobes
Anaerobes

... – Diagnosis made by examination of infected fluid: • Macroscopic colonies of organisms resembling grains of ...
boostrix - GSK Australia
boostrix - GSK Australia

... Tetanus (Lockjaw) Tetanus bacteria enter the body through wounded skin. Wounds that are especially prone to infection are burns, fractures, deep wounds or wounds contaminated with soil, dust, horse manure or wood splinters. The bacteria release a toxin (poison), which can cause muscle stiffness, pai ...
13- 2012common_child..
13- 2012common_child..

... -The primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. - Infection generally occurs through wound contamination and often involves a cut or deep puncture wound. As the infection progresses, muscle sp ...
Immunization coverage
Immunization coverage

... Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus, which usually results in a high fever and rash, and can lead to blindness, encephalitis or death. By the end of 2013, 84% of children had received 1 dose of measles vaccine by their second birthday, and 148 countries had included a second do ...
Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

... people are vaccinated. The case fatality rate in unvaccinated infants <6 months is estimated to be 0.8%. Death from pertussis is rare in people aged 10-70 years. A high proportion of hospitalisations and almost all deaths from pertussis occur in infants too young to have received the required number ...
Chapter 19 - eacfaculty.org
Chapter 19 - eacfaculty.org

... • Severe infections treated with oral vancomycin or metronidazole and replacement cultures • Increased precautions to prevent spread ...
Important Facts Regarding Immunizations
Important Facts Regarding Immunizations

... • The Vaccine Page (www.vaccines.com/) • National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID) ...
Vaccine preventable diseases (Topic 3) 12 MB
Vaccine preventable diseases (Topic 3) 12 MB

... • Bacteria form spores that can survive in the environment for years • Tetanus may occur if a wound or cut is infected by soil or manure • Incubation period 4-21 days • Affects people of all ages • People who recover from tetanus do not have natural immunity therefore need to be immunised ...
Keep our children healthy and our schools disease-free
Keep our children healthy and our schools disease-free

... Tetanus or lockjaw is a serious disease that can happen if dirt with the tetanus germ ...
School Immunization Checklist
School Immunization Checklist

... As a parent, keeping your kids safe and healthy is your number one priority. All children attending school between ages 4 to 17 need to be immunized according to Ontario’s Immunization Schedule. Immunization protects children from many serious diseases that are easily spread in schools. Under the Im ...
Keep our children healthy and out schools disease
Keep our children healthy and out schools disease

... As a parent, keeping your kids safe and healthy is your number one priority. All children attending school between ages 4 to 17 need to be immunized according to Ontario’s Immunization Schedule. Immunization protects children from many serious diseases that are easily spread in schools. Under the Im ...
boostrix - GSK Australia
boostrix - GSK Australia

... allergic reaction to BOOSTRIX, or any ingredient contained in this vaccine. The ingredients in BOOSTRIX are listed at the end of this leaflet. Signs of an allergic reaction may include itchy skin rash, shortness of breath and swelling of the face or ...
Anaerobes
Anaerobes

... Clostridium tetani • Epidemiology – Spores found in most soils – Disease in un-vaccinated or inadequately immunized – Disease does not induce immunity ...
Vaccine Preventable disease (Topic 3)
Vaccine Preventable disease (Topic 3)

... • Bacteria form spores that can survive in the environment for years • Tetanus may occur if a wound or cut is infected by soil or manure • Incubation period 4-21 days • Affects people of all ages • People who recover from tetanus do not have natural immunity therefore need to be immunised ...
Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System
Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

... • C. tetani is an anaerobe that will grow in deep, unclean wounds and wounds with little bleeding. • Acquired immunity results from DPT immunization in childhood that includes tetanus toxoid. • Following an injury, an immunized person may receive a booster of tetanus toxoid. An unimmunized person ma ...
EO_016.04_Part_C_Perform Advanced Wound Care
EO_016.04_Part_C_Perform Advanced Wound Care

... sore throat tonic spasms late signs are difficulty opening jaw (trismus) facial muscle spasm ...
Chapter 22 Powerpoint lecture
Chapter 22 Powerpoint lecture

... Discuss the epidemiology of tetanus, including mode of transmission, etiology, disease symptoms,and preventive measures. ...
Chapter 22 Powerpoint Show
Chapter 22 Powerpoint Show

... Discuss the epidemiology of tetanus, including mode of transmission, etiology, disease symptoms,and preventive measures. ...
Adacel Quadra - SA Pharmaceutical Journal
Adacel Quadra - SA Pharmaceutical Journal

... Vaccination should be deferred in the presence of acute illness, including febrile illness. ...
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Tetanus



Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms. In the most common type the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the body. These spasms usually last a few minutes each time and occur frequently for three to four weeks. Spasms may be so severe that bone fractures may occur. Other symptoms may include fever, sweating, headache, trouble swallowing, high blood pressure, and a fast heart rate. Onset of symptoms is typically three to twenty one days following infection. It may take months to recover. About 10% of those infected die.Tetanus is caused by an infection with the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is commonly found in soil, dust and manure. The bacteria generally enter through a break in the skin such as a cut or puncture wound by a contaminated object. They produce toxins that interfere with muscle contractions, resulting in the typical symptoms. Diagnosis is based on the presenting signs and symptoms. The disease does not spread between people.Infection can be prevented by proper immunization with the tetanus vaccine. In those who have a significant wound and less than three doses of the vaccine both immunization and tetanus immune globulin are recommended. In those who are infected tetanus immune globulin or if not available intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is used. The wound should be cleaned and any dead tissue removed. Muscle relaxants may be used to control spasms. Mechanical ventilation may be required if a person's breathing is affected.Tetanus occurs in all parts of the world but is most frequent in hot and wet climates where the soil contains a lot of organic matter. In 2013 it caused about 59,000 deaths – down from 356,000 in 1990. Description of the disease by Hippocrates exists from at least as far back as the 5th century BCE. The cause of the disease was determined in 1884 by Antonio Carle and Giorgio Rattone at the University of Turin with a vaccine being developed in 1924.
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