Everything there is to know about vaccination
... Vaccination against polio prevents the occurrence of the disease. Vaccination against polio prevents the insurgence of the disease. 2. What types of polio vaccines are there? There are two types of vaccines against polio: • “killed” – inactivated vaccine against polio – IPV – which is administered ...
... Vaccination against polio prevents the occurrence of the disease. Vaccination against polio prevents the insurgence of the disease. 2. What types of polio vaccines are there? There are two types of vaccines against polio: • “killed” – inactivated vaccine against polio – IPV – which is administered ...
World Health Organization Guidelines for Containment of Poliovirus
... bOPV cessation. Essential poliovirus facilities handling and storing WPV2 or OPV2/Sabin2 materials in Phase II must be certified to implement containment procedures, and be regularly reassessed against WPV2 containment provisions described in GAPIII, including primary and secondary safeguards (Table ...
... bOPV cessation. Essential poliovirus facilities handling and storing WPV2 or OPV2/Sabin2 materials in Phase II must be certified to implement containment procedures, and be regularly reassessed against WPV2 containment provisions described in GAPIII, including primary and secondary safeguards (Table ...
IMMUNIZATIONS - University of Missouri
... • ACIP recommends that vaccine doses given up to four days before the minimum interval or age be counted as valid • Immunization programs and/or school entry requirements may not accept all doses given earlier than the minimum age or interval ...
... • ACIP recommends that vaccine doses given up to four days before the minimum interval or age be counted as valid • Immunization programs and/or school entry requirements may not accept all doses given earlier than the minimum age or interval ...
Week 45, 6-12 November 2016 CDTR - ECDC
... recommends the removal of the contaminated devices from service, and considering transitioning away from the use of these devices until the manufacturer implements strategies to mitigate the risks of infection. ...
... recommends the removal of the contaminated devices from service, and considering transitioning away from the use of these devices until the manufacturer implements strategies to mitigate the risks of infection. ...
Detection on four continents of dengue fever
... last four years, large dengue epidemics were reported on Macaronesian islands of Cape Verde (DENV-3) [12] and Madeira (DENV-1) [13] off the northwest African coast. Common models of dengue epidemiology suggest that clinically diagnosed cases of classic dengue represent the tip of an iceberg, with ac ...
... last four years, large dengue epidemics were reported on Macaronesian islands of Cape Verde (DENV-3) [12] and Madeira (DENV-1) [13] off the northwest African coast. Common models of dengue epidemiology suggest that clinically diagnosed cases of classic dengue represent the tip of an iceberg, with ac ...
duration of virus shedding after trivalent intranasal live attenuated
... nor with any baseline strain-specific serum IgG or IgA antibody titers to any of the vaccine strains (data not shown). DISCUSSION The licensure of trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine has raised questions and concerns regarding the use of this vaccine in some populations.7 In particular, the po ...
... nor with any baseline strain-specific serum IgG or IgA antibody titers to any of the vaccine strains (data not shown). DISCUSSION The licensure of trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine has raised questions and concerns regarding the use of this vaccine in some populations.7 In particular, the po ...
Modeling Responses to Anthrax and Smallpox Attacks
... Vaccination was long used to provide immunity but was discontinued in the United States in 1972 because the risk of complications, including death, outweighed the risk of contracting the disease naturally. The same vaccine that provides immunity can also be an effective treatment if administered wit ...
... Vaccination was long used to provide immunity but was discontinued in the United States in 1972 because the risk of complications, including death, outweighed the risk of contracting the disease naturally. The same vaccine that provides immunity can also be an effective treatment if administered wit ...
Newer Vaccines
... • Protection for at least 15 years and probably for life. Boosters are not recommended. • Because of the prolonged incubation period of hepatitis B, some protection will be afforded to most travellers following the second dose given before travel. The final dose should always be given upon return. • ...
... • Protection for at least 15 years and probably for life. Boosters are not recommended. • Because of the prolonged incubation period of hepatitis B, some protection will be afforded to most travellers following the second dose given before travel. The final dose should always be given upon return. • ...
case report measles-mumps-rubella vaccination induced
... 12 studies from 10 countries showing the incidence of ITP after MMR vaccination ranges from 0.087 to 4 cases per 100,000 vaccine doses (Mantadakis et al, 2010). This variation may be due to different surveillance methods rather than a difference in the incidence, since the incidence was higher in co ...
... 12 studies from 10 countries showing the incidence of ITP after MMR vaccination ranges from 0.087 to 4 cases per 100,000 vaccine doses (Mantadakis et al, 2010). This variation may be due to different surveillance methods rather than a difference in the incidence, since the incidence was higher in co ...
- LSHTM Research Online
... Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks are rare and knowledge of the transmission and clinical features of this disease is sparse. As of May 2015, the devastating outbreak in West Africa has resulted in more than ten times the number of cases reported in all previous outbreaks and will ultimately provi ...
... Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks are rare and knowledge of the transmission and clinical features of this disease is sparse. As of May 2015, the devastating outbreak in West Africa has resulted in more than ten times the number of cases reported in all previous outbreaks and will ultimately provi ...
Infectious Diseases in Finland 2008
... variant, A/Solomon Islands/3/2006, into use as a vaccine virus at the beginning of 2007. This virus caused the influenza A outbreak in winter 2007–2008. In autumn 2007, a free influenza vaccination was offered to children under three years of age for the first time. When the virus causing the outbreak ...
... variant, A/Solomon Islands/3/2006, into use as a vaccine virus at the beginning of 2007. This virus caused the influenza A outbreak in winter 2007–2008. In autumn 2007, a free influenza vaccination was offered to children under three years of age for the first time. When the virus causing the outbreak ...
Meningitis in schools
... cases at the school. It is also sensible for each school to have a named person who will deal with this type of issue. Meningitis is not regarded by the medical profession as highly infectious. Due to the means of transmission, only the patient’s close contacts, generally family members, are at any ...
... cases at the school. It is also sensible for each school to have a named person who will deal with this type of issue. Meningitis is not regarded by the medical profession as highly infectious. Due to the means of transmission, only the patient’s close contacts, generally family members, are at any ...
Immunization for the Elderly - Sarasota Memorial Health Care System
... vaccine because of its lower cost-to-benefit ratio. Immunity to the surface antigens, particularly the hemagglutinin, by inducing specific antibody production reduces the likelihood of infection and severity of disease if infection occurs.6 The effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine depends ...
... vaccine because of its lower cost-to-benefit ratio. Immunity to the surface antigens, particularly the hemagglutinin, by inducing specific antibody production reduces the likelihood of infection and severity of disease if infection occurs.6 The effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine depends ...
Potential for large outbreaks of Ebola virus disease
... (S). Upon infection they enter an incubation period (E), then at symptom onset they become infectious in the community (I). After this point, they either: enter a recovered state (R); remain infectious and go into hospital (H); or die and remain infectious (D) until buried (B). Hospitalised infectiv ...
... (S). Upon infection they enter an incubation period (E), then at symptom onset they become infectious in the community (I). After this point, they either: enter a recovered state (R); remain infectious and go into hospital (H); or die and remain infectious (D) until buried (B). Hospitalised infectiv ...
Childhood vaccinations in Croatia
... centralization of immunization programs and the balance between public and private sector provision. In member states with high level of decentralization like in Austria, Germany, Italy and Spain, national recommendations are modified at the level of autonomous regions/ states because they are the b ...
... centralization of immunization programs and the balance between public and private sector provision. In member states with high level of decentralization like in Austria, Germany, Italy and Spain, national recommendations are modified at the level of autonomous regions/ states because they are the b ...
ORGANIC OUTREACH
... by the Cal/OSHA ATD standard? • Employees whose exposure from work activity or working conditions is reasonably anticipated to create an elevated risk of contracting any disease caused by aerosol-transmissible pathogens if protective measures are not in place • “Elevated” risk means higher than what ...
... by the Cal/OSHA ATD standard? • Employees whose exposure from work activity or working conditions is reasonably anticipated to create an elevated risk of contracting any disease caused by aerosol-transmissible pathogens if protective measures are not in place • “Elevated” risk means higher than what ...
Childhood immunisations
... risk for the different diseases and at what age vaccines work best. The first routine vaccines are given at two, three and four months old. Children will be given further doses of these immunisations when they are between 12 and 13 months old, then at around 3 years and 4 months of age (before schoo ...
... risk for the different diseases and at what age vaccines work best. The first routine vaccines are given at two, three and four months old. Children will be given further doses of these immunisations when they are between 12 and 13 months old, then at around 3 years and 4 months of age (before schoo ...
Development of Vaccine and Diagnostics for Prevention and Control
... they secrete chemokines to attract CD4 and CD8 T cells. The APC present the foreign antigen peptide to these T cells. The naive cells which recognize the foreign peptide on the basis of their receptor structure are stimulated and differentiated into blast cells which now express different surface an ...
... they secrete chemokines to attract CD4 and CD8 T cells. The APC present the foreign antigen peptide to these T cells. The naive cells which recognize the foreign peptide on the basis of their receptor structure are stimulated and differentiated into blast cells which now express different surface an ...
Hepatitis A outbreak among men who have sex
... Peru, Spain (n = 3), Surinam). The median age of the 17 cases was 33 years (range: 26–52). None of the cases were vaccinated and about a third was hospitalised (Table). Sequence information was available for 13 of the 17 cases, which showed co-circulation of three different hepatitis A strains (Tabl ...
... Peru, Spain (n = 3), Surinam). The median age of the 17 cases was 33 years (range: 26–52). None of the cases were vaccinated and about a third was hospitalised (Table). Sequence information was available for 13 of the 17 cases, which showed co-circulation of three different hepatitis A strains (Tabl ...
Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Position Statement
... circulation of varicella zoster virus has been observed with a 75-85% decrease in varicella cases and hospitalizations in all age groups including adults. In addition, age-specific incidence is now highest among children 5-10 years of age. Currently, despite the public health commitment to a routine ...
... circulation of varicella zoster virus has been observed with a 75-85% decrease in varicella cases and hospitalizations in all age groups including adults. In addition, age-specific incidence is now highest among children 5-10 years of age. Currently, despite the public health commitment to a routine ...
2010 Annual Summary of Reportable Infectious Diseases for Cuyahoga County, Ohio
... estimates can be found online at http://factfinder2.census.gov. The “median” and “mean” presented in Tables 1 through 5 represent the annual median and mean case counts and rates across the 2005-2009 time frame. This five year time frame was selected to help establish a baseline (e.g. endemic level) ...
... estimates can be found online at http://factfinder2.census.gov. The “median” and “mean” presented in Tables 1 through 5 represent the annual median and mean case counts and rates across the 2005-2009 time frame. This five year time frame was selected to help establish a baseline (e.g. endemic level) ...
press kit - Sanofi Pasteur
... vital to develop new vaccines and improved versions of existing vaccines, and to increase access to vaccines to enable even more lives to be saved. It is also important to recognize that maintaining high vaccination coverage is an ongoing challenge. History shows that a decrease in immunization cove ...
... vital to develop new vaccines and improved versions of existing vaccines, and to increase access to vaccines to enable even more lives to be saved. It is also important to recognize that maintaining high vaccination coverage is an ongoing challenge. History shows that a decrease in immunization cove ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... anatomical association of orbit with the surrounding head and neck structures. Orbital involvement must be ruled out whenever an ENT patient presents with orbital complaints like proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, neurologic dysfunction of eye, chemosis, or epiphora. Previously, sinonasal infections were t ...
... anatomical association of orbit with the surrounding head and neck structures. Orbital involvement must be ruled out whenever an ENT patient presents with orbital complaints like proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, neurologic dysfunction of eye, chemosis, or epiphora. Previously, sinonasal infections were t ...
~ IMPACT OF DENGUE/DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER ON THE
... People's Republic of China (1). There was also a resurgence of disease in Singapore,whichled to the highest incidence in that country's history in 1996 (16). Surveillance for DHF is passive in most Asian countries; only severe cases are reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) (1,11). Thus, o ...
... People's Republic of China (1). There was also a resurgence of disease in Singapore,whichled to the highest incidence in that country's history in 1996 (16). Surveillance for DHF is passive in most Asian countries; only severe cases are reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) (1,11). Thus, o ...
PDF 250 KB - Parliament of Victoria
... ¾ Meningococcal C. Like Hib: “Asymptomatic respiratory tract carriage of meningococci occurs in 5%–10% of the population”, yet meningococcal C disease is especially rare. Since 2011, there have been 2 notifications reported children under 5 years of age, ZERO cases in 5 to 14 year olds and 2 cases i ...
... ¾ Meningococcal C. Like Hib: “Asymptomatic respiratory tract carriage of meningococci occurs in 5%–10% of the population”, yet meningococcal C disease is especially rare. Since 2011, there have been 2 notifications reported children under 5 years of age, ZERO cases in 5 to 14 year olds and 2 cases i ...
Poliomyelitis eradication
A public health effort to eliminate all cases of poliomyelitis (polio) infection around the world, begun in 1988 and led by the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF and the Rotary Foundation, has reduced the number of annual diagnosed cases from the hundreds of thousands to 291 in 2012. This represents a 99.9% reduction, but in 2013 and 2014 there has been an bounce back in some countries towards more cases. Of the three types of polio, the last recorded wild case of type 2 was in 1999. The last recorded case of type 3 was on 11 November 2012. All reported cases since 11 November 2012 have been of type 1. If polio is the next disease to be successfully eradicated, this will represent only the third time this has ever been achieved, after smallpox and rinderpest. The goal of eradicating polio worldwide has attracted international and media attention, but since 2001 progress has been erratic in reducing the number of cases, which has led to getting rid of the last 1% being described as ""like trying to squeeze Jell-O to death"". However, in 2011 incidence rates of the disease were dramatically reduced, and with large reduction again in 2012, hopes for eliminating polio have been rekindled. India is the latest country to successfully stop transmission of polio - with its last reported case in 2011. Of the 3 remaining countries with endemic polio, Nigeria's last reported case was 24 July 2014, while the other 2 endemic countries - Afghanistan and Pakistan - have had significantly reduced new cases in 2015. The number of cases reported in the first 6 months of 2015 has been about a quarter of the rate of the preceding 3 years.