3.0 Earthquake Resistant Structural Systems
... of transverse waves, therefore longitudinal waves are often called the primary waves (P-waves) and transverse waves are called the secondary waves (Swaves). Some typical values of the wave propagation velocities are shown in Table 2.1 (Tomaževič, 1999). The effects of earthquake ground motions on th ...
... of transverse waves, therefore longitudinal waves are often called the primary waves (P-waves) and transverse waves are called the secondary waves (Swaves). Some typical values of the wave propagation velocities are shown in Table 2.1 (Tomaževič, 1999). The effects of earthquake ground motions on th ...
half-cell potentials and the corrosion of steel in concrete
... 2. The half-cell potential of steel does not measure the physical or structural condition of concrete, and 3. The cracking of concrete due to the corrosion of steel is related to concrete strength, absorption, moisture content, stresses, and its thickness over the steel. ...
... 2. The half-cell potential of steel does not measure the physical or structural condition of concrete, and 3. The cracking of concrete due to the corrosion of steel is related to concrete strength, absorption, moisture content, stresses, and its thickness over the steel. ...
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TOWARDS THE IDENTIFICATION OF
... - In general, the probability distribution model appropriate to describe a random phenomenon is not known. - However, the required probability distribution model may be determined empirically based on the available observational data (probability papers). - Then, the assumed probability distribution ...
... - In general, the probability distribution model appropriate to describe a random phenomenon is not known. - However, the required probability distribution model may be determined empirically based on the available observational data (probability papers). - Then, the assumed probability distribution ...
0behaviour of reinforced concrete beam with web openings
... strength, crack width shear strength and stiffness may also be seriously affected. Furthermore, the provision of openings produces discontinuities or disturbances in the normal flow of stresses, thus leading it to stress concentration and early cracking of the beam around the opening region. Similar ...
... strength, crack width shear strength and stiffness may also be seriously affected. Furthermore, the provision of openings produces discontinuities or disturbances in the normal flow of stresses, thus leading it to stress concentration and early cracking of the beam around the opening region. Similar ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest - ctbuh
... walls provide the torsional resistance of the structure similar to a closed tube or axle. The center hexagonal walls are buttressed by the wing walls and hammer head walls which behave as the webs and flanges of a beam to resist the wind shears and moments. Outriggers at the mechanical floors allow ...
... walls provide the torsional resistance of the structure similar to a closed tube or axle. The center hexagonal walls are buttressed by the wing walls and hammer head walls which behave as the webs and flanges of a beam to resist the wind shears and moments. Outriggers at the mechanical floors allow ...
Design Alternatives for Lateral Force
... of the seismic forces. The shear walls function as vertical cantilever beams that develop the needed stiffness, strength, and ductility to resist the majority of the lateral forces. Mostly, the design of the shear wall is controlled by the flexural requirements rather than shear requirements. In the ...
... of the seismic forces. The shear walls function as vertical cantilever beams that develop the needed stiffness, strength, and ductility to resist the majority of the lateral forces. Mostly, the design of the shear wall is controlled by the flexural requirements rather than shear requirements. In the ...
Assessment, Analysis and Retrofit Methods of an Existing
... Jacketing of existing columns with new reinforced concrete, steel or fibre wrap overlays can be carried out. The new materials shall be selected and constructed to act compositely with the existing concrete. When reinforced concrete jackets are used, the design shall provide detailing to enhance duc ...
... Jacketing of existing columns with new reinforced concrete, steel or fibre wrap overlays can be carried out. The new materials shall be selected and constructed to act compositely with the existing concrete. When reinforced concrete jackets are used, the design shall provide detailing to enhance duc ...
Unit 4 - Mahalakshmi Engineering College
... surface of the prestressed unit on to which the concrete is cast in situ, thus giving a better frictional resistance or by stirrups protruding from the prestressed unit into the added concrete or by castellations on the surface of the prestressed unit adjoining the concrete which is cast in situ. 3. ...
... surface of the prestressed unit on to which the concrete is cast in situ, thus giving a better frictional resistance or by stirrups protruding from the prestressed unit into the added concrete or by castellations on the surface of the prestressed unit adjoining the concrete which is cast in situ. 3. ...
Design and Construction Planning of the Burj
... Therefore, concrete of its mass, stiffness, high strength and performance concrete, moldability, continuity, pumping ability, speed of construction because of the local availability of advanced formwork systems, and most importantly the residential use of the building, concrete was selected as the p ...
... Therefore, concrete of its mass, stiffness, high strength and performance concrete, moldability, continuity, pumping ability, speed of construction because of the local availability of advanced formwork systems, and most importantly the residential use of the building, concrete was selected as the p ...
Comparison between the Provisions of the Egyptian Code of
... Structural Design In this study the structure was designed using finite element software. First the dimensions of structural elements were estimated by preliminary conceptual design and then the finite element model was created. Thereafter the vertical and horizontal loads were defined according to ...
... Structural Design In this study the structure was designed using finite element software. First the dimensions of structural elements were estimated by preliminary conceptual design and then the finite element model was created. Thereafter the vertical and horizontal loads were defined according to ...
Designing with Precast and Prestressed Concrete
... An important aspect of dealing with fire endurance is to understand what the benefits are to the owner of a building in the proper selection of materials incorporated in the structure. These benefits fall into two areas: codes and economics. While code requirements must be met, designers typically h ...
... An important aspect of dealing with fire endurance is to understand what the benefits are to the owner of a building in the proper selection of materials incorporated in the structure. These benefits fall into two areas: codes and economics. While code requirements must be met, designers typically h ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest - Burj Dubai
... translational modes of vibration. These higher modes dominated the structural response and design of the Tower except at the very base where the fundamental modes controlled. Based on the results of the aeroelastic models, the predicted building motions are within the ISO standard recommended values ...
... translational modes of vibration. These higher modes dominated the structural response and design of the Tower except at the very base where the fundamental modes controlled. Based on the results of the aeroelastic models, the predicted building motions are within the ISO standard recommended values ...
Structural Design of Reinforced Concrete Tall Buildings
... necessitates 370% increase in the needed weight of the steel. Similar increase in the number of floors, for concrete structures necessitates only 70% increase in the needed weight of the reinforced concrete. One can, therefore, come to the conclusion that reinforced concrete tall buildings are very ...
... necessitates 370% increase in the needed weight of the steel. Similar increase in the number of floors, for concrete structures necessitates only 70% increase in the needed weight of the reinforced concrete. One can, therefore, come to the conclusion that reinforced concrete tall buildings are very ...
Simulation Steel Fiber Concrete Composite Outer Wallboard
... fiber, the strength of steel fiber concrete won’t be reduced, in contrast, it will improve a certain proportion of the strength. At the same time, the ductility and shear-bearing capacity of concrete are also enhanced. So, Only the young's modulus of elastic parameters is slightly higher than that o ...
... fiber, the strength of steel fiber concrete won’t be reduced, in contrast, it will improve a certain proportion of the strength. At the same time, the ductility and shear-bearing capacity of concrete are also enhanced. So, Only the young's modulus of elastic parameters is slightly higher than that o ...
The steel-framed arched roof of Dallas` American Airlines Center is
... 8 million sq. ft, master-planned entertainment, office, retail, hotel and residential complex. The rectangular arena building measures 390 ft by 500 ft, and is bounded on all sides by city streets at the main concourse level. Signature arches define the building’s four entry points, while minor arch ...
... 8 million sq. ft, master-planned entertainment, office, retail, hotel and residential complex. The rectangular arena building measures 390 ft by 500 ft, and is bounded on all sides by city streets at the main concourse level. Signature arches define the building’s four entry points, while minor arch ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest – Burj Dubai
... translational modes of vibration. These higher modes dominated the structural response and design of the Tower except at the very base where the fundamental modes controlled. Based on the results of the aeroelastic models, the predicted building motions are within the ISO standard recommended values ...
... translational modes of vibration. These higher modes dominated the structural response and design of the Tower except at the very base where the fundamental modes controlled. Based on the results of the aeroelastic models, the predicted building motions are within the ISO standard recommended values ...
Reinforced Concrete Structures
... Reinforced concrete is concrete in which reinforcing bars or other types of reinforcement have been integrated to improve one or more properties of the concrete. For many years, it has been utilized as an economical construction material in one form or another in buildings, bridges, and many other t ...
... Reinforced concrete is concrete in which reinforcing bars or other types of reinforcement have been integrated to improve one or more properties of the concrete. For many years, it has been utilized as an economical construction material in one form or another in buildings, bridges, and many other t ...
The Elevated Cube
... a capacity of 2,000 kips and half with 1,500 kips), manufactured by CoreBrace, to not only provide greater lateral load resistance but also provide greater long-term resiliency, given that the braces can be replaced if required following a major seismic event. The core elements also provide support ...
... a capacity of 2,000 kips and half with 1,500 kips), manufactured by CoreBrace, to not only provide greater lateral load resistance but also provide greater long-term resiliency, given that the braces can be replaced if required following a major seismic event. The core elements also provide support ...
Strengthening and Preserving Concrete Bridges using FRP
... Increased corrosion resistance Resistance to chemical attack Thin (i.e., unobtrusive) Economic Benefits Low installation cost Fast turn around ...
... Increased corrosion resistance Resistance to chemical attack Thin (i.e., unobtrusive) Economic Benefits Low installation cost Fast turn around ...
Engineering the World`s Tallest – Burj Dubai
... being constructed incorporating a modest increase in the typical floor-to-floor height. This vertical compensation was selected to ensure the actual height of the structure, after the timedependant shortening effects of creep and shrinkage, will be greater than the as-designed final height.For horiz ...
... being constructed incorporating a modest increase in the typical floor-to-floor height. This vertical compensation was selected to ensure the actual height of the structure, after the timedependant shortening effects of creep and shrinkage, will be greater than the as-designed final height.For horiz ...
Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties and
... The compressive strength of thermally treated concrete specimens after cooling was determined. The results shown in figure (1) indicate the residual compressive strength of each specimen at different elevated temperatures. It shows a relative decrease in the compressive strength of each specimen the ...
... The compressive strength of thermally treated concrete specimens after cooling was determined. The results shown in figure (1) indicate the residual compressive strength of each specimen at different elevated temperatures. It shows a relative decrease in the compressive strength of each specimen the ...
3D Dynamic Soil structure interaction Design of Al
... 2. Dynamic design: here we will analyze and study the structure under dynamic loads, such as earthquakes. Then the best design that saves structure from failure under seismic loads will be selected to improve the safety requirements. 3. Structural modeling: It is one of the most important steps in s ...
... 2. Dynamic design: here we will analyze and study the structure under dynamic loads, such as earthquakes. Then the best design that saves structure from failure under seismic loads will be selected to improve the safety requirements. 3. Structural modeling: It is one of the most important steps in s ...
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
... This paper studies seismic performance of building using a new type of reinforcing bars made of fiberreinforced polymer (FRP). Thisnew type of composite material is characterized with both ductility and pseudoelasticity, whichare two important characteristics that are sought in this study to enhance ...
... This paper studies seismic performance of building using a new type of reinforcing bars made of fiberreinforced polymer (FRP). Thisnew type of composite material is characterized with both ductility and pseudoelasticity, whichare two important characteristics that are sought in this study to enhance ...
Concrete, Compressive Strength, Neural Networks, Mix
... 1. Introduction Concrete is a man-made material obtained by mixing of cement, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and water. Admixtures are sometimes added to alter the properties of concrete. It is also known that by controlling some parameters of fresh concrete, such as: aggregates, cement grade, ...
... 1. Introduction Concrete is a man-made material obtained by mixing of cement, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, and water. Admixtures are sometimes added to alter the properties of concrete. It is also known that by controlling some parameters of fresh concrete, such as: aggregates, cement grade, ...
ethics last class
... authorised to take direct action in the first three cases above He should report the matter immediately to his superior He should stop the work only as a last resort, when it is clear that unsatisfactory concrete will result from the continuing operations ...
... authorised to take direct action in the first three cases above He should report the matter immediately to his superior He should stop the work only as a last resort, when it is clear that unsatisfactory concrete will result from the continuing operations ...
Reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete (RC) is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are counteracted by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength and/or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not necessarily, steel reinforcing bars (rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concrete sets. Reinforcing schemes are generally designed to resist tensile stresses in particular regions of the concrete that might cause unacceptable cracking and/or structural failure. Modern reinforced concrete can contain varied reinforcing materials made of steel, polymers or alternate composite material in conjunction with rebar or not. Reinforced concrete may also be permanently stressed (in compression), so as to improve the behaviour of the final structure under working loads. In the United States, the most common methods of doing this are known as pre-tensioning and post-tensioning.For a strong, ductile and durable construction the reinforcement needs to have the following properties at least: High relative strength High toleration of tensile strain Good bond to the concrete, irrespective of pH, moisture, and similar factors Thermal compatibility, not causing unacceptable stresses in response to changing temperatures. Durability in the concrete environment, irrespective of corrosion or sustained stress for example.