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Planet Earth Test Prep
Planet Earth Test Prep

... (1) Map A has a greater relief (elevation change between high and low locations) than map B. (2) Map A represents a much larger surface area than map B. (3) Map A shows more contour lines than map B. (4) Map A generally shows gentler slopes than map B. On map B, what is the approximate straight-line ...
Planet Earth Test Prep
Planet Earth Test Prep

... location of the barbecue grill. The wind was blowing from the northeast when map A was drawn. Map B represents the same area drawn 1 hour after map A was drawn. ...
Phanerozoic Structural Development in the Area
Phanerozoic Structural Development in the Area

... the Forest City Basin area (Lee, 1939, 1943, 1946, 1948, 1956; Anderson and Wells, 1968). The present day structural configuration of southwestern Iowa is the result of several periods of discordant structural movements. These movements have warped the originally flat lying formations in different d ...
Rule file
Rule file

... (1) Benchmark: a relatively permanent material object, natural or artificial, bearing a marked point whose elevation above or below an adopted datum plane is known. (2) Corner: a point on a land boundary that designates a change in direction, for example: points of curvature, points of tangency, poi ...
Geography Curriculum - Henry Fawcett Primary School
Geography Curriculum - Henry Fawcett Primary School

... Ordnance Survey maps) to build their knowledge of the United Kingdom and the wider world • Use fieldwork to observe, measure, record and present the human and physical features in the local area using a range of methods, including sketch maps, plans and graphs, and digital technologies. ...
Investigation 5: What happens when plates move sideways past
Investigation 5: What happens when plates move sideways past

...    Step 5: Learn about seismic hazard along the San Andreas Fault Zone. a. Click on the Map Layers tab in the toolbox menu. b. Turn off the Earthquakes M > 4.0 (9/08-9/11) and San Andreas Area Faults layers and activate the USA Population Density, the Historic San Andreas Earthquakes, and the ...
inv5_student
inv5_student

... Step 5: Learn about seismic hazard along the San Andreas Fault Zone. a. Click on the Map Layers tab in the toolbox menu. b. Turn off the Earthquakes M > 4.0 (9/08-9/11) and San Andreas Area Faults layers and activate the USA Population Density, the Historic San Andreas Earthquakes, and the ...
World Geography Grade 7
World Geography Grade 7

... 7.1.7.B-Explain and locate places and How are they used to study the earth? 5 Themes of round globe on a flat map themes of Skills regions as defined by physical and Geography geography Handbook human features. Political Map How do charts, graphs and diagrams vary Poster/Presentations identify what ...
GEOLOGIC MAPS PART II Introduction
GEOLOGIC MAPS PART II Introduction

... trace, the oldest beds will be exposed on the upthrown block. When dipping beds are cut by faults, there is an apparent lateral shift in the outcrop pattern. The beds migrate in the direction of dip on the upthrown block as erosion progresses. ...
Instructional Map- Social Studies Third Grade
Instructional Map- Social Studies Third Grade

... seas, boundaries, cities, highways, roads, and railroads. 3.5 Explain the difference between relative and absolute location. 3.6 Use different types of maps (political, physical, population, resource, polar projection, and climate) and globe skills to interpret geographic information from a graph or ...
plates
plates

... seafloor spreading. According to the theory of Plate Tectonics, Earth’s crust and part of the upper mantel are broken into sections. These sections, called plates, move on a plastic-like layer of the mantle. The plates can be though of as rafts that float and move on this layer. The World is split i ...
Chapter 1 - Michigan Open Book Project
Chapter 1 - Michigan Open Book Project

... explain what it is like in Michigan, but lets now take a look at how people from around the country might answer the same question regarding the United States. You will begin to look at United States regions in the next sections and reexamine the concept of place and how these patterns are sometimes ...
World Tectonic Maps package as a pdf file
World Tectonic Maps package as a pdf file

... For  each  group  of  3-­‐4  students,  I  create  a  stack  with  Map  1  xeroxed  onto  a   transparency  and  Maps  2-­‐6  on  paper.      IMPORTANT:    Do  all  the  xeroxing  at  one  time,   both  transparencies  and  pape ...
History - Rowans Primary School
History - Rowans Primary School

... Use maps, atlases, globes and digital/computer mapping to locate countries and describe features studied Use the eight points of a compass, four and six-figure grid references, symbols and key (including the use of Ordnance Survey maps) to build their knowledge of the United Kingdom and the wider wo ...
unit 1 test
unit 1 test

... b. are perceived through the application of defined spatial criteria. c. have boundaries of clearly visible, self-evident physical or cultural change. d. have meaning only in physical geography, which deals with perceivable objects. Answer: A 14. An isoline on a map a. measures the concentration of ...
Plate and Volcano Information
Plate and Volcano Information

... equilibrium. When plates come together a convergent boundary forms where the denser plate is forced downward. As crust sinks, it is remelted to form magma. The magma is the source of lava which forms volcanic mountains common in these locations. If ...
18 Which geologic event is inferred to have occurred most recently
18 Which geologic event is inferred to have occurred most recently

... collected at seismic stations W, X, Y, and Z for the same earthquake. Some of the data have been omitted. ...
Unit Objectives
Unit Objectives

... o Be able to identify stream-related landforms in photographs, diagrams, and topographic maps  Understand basic flow of the Water Cycle  Determine the gradient of a stream in lab setting  Know determinates of stream velocity  Identify 3 main types of stream channels and describe the characterist ...
Standards
Standards

... were not randomly scattered across the globe. The technology improved dramatically in the 1960’s when standardized seismic monitoring stations were established around the globe to police the ban on above-ground nuclear testing. The location of active volcanoes also lines up along these same zones. F ...
Geographic coordinate systems
Geographic coordinate systems

... The North American Datum of 1983 is based upon both earth and satellite observations, using the GRS80 spheroid. The origin for this datum is the earth’s center of mass. This affects the surface location of all longitude–latitude values enough to cause locations of previous control points in North Am ...
What happens when plates diverge - KMS 8th Grade Science
What happens when plates diverge - KMS 8th Grade Science

... At divergent boundaries, the sea floor spreads apart on both sides of the mid-ocean ridges, and magma wells up from the mantle to add new crust to fill the gap. As a result, the ocean floor moves like a conveyor belt, carrying the continents along with it. The spreading rate is the speed that the pl ...


... Tlata Rissana with a general direction NW - SE. We also note the existence of some abrupt direction NNE SSW that determines most of cliffs along the coastline in subject area. - A continental shelf, which shows a water column depth from 0 to 110 m of depth. Furthermore, the depth contour lines are a ...
Fourth Grade Social Studies: United States Studies Unit 2: The
Fourth Grade Social Studies: United States Studies Unit 2: The

... In this unit students explore the United States through the social studies discipline of geography. In exploring the United States in spatial terms, students first consider the location of the United States. They learn about and use a variety of geographic tools such as maps, globes, and satellite i ...
Table of Contents - World History for Us All
Table of Contents - World History for Us All

... Before launching into any course on world history, students need to explore the terrain on which human history took place. Students are exposed to exciting concepts about the earth’s formation and dynamic processes in science classes, but they seldom have the opportunity to link this information to ...
Social Studies Third Grade Curriculum Map
Social Studies Third Grade Curriculum Map

... Course Description: Third grade students will learn about the major components of world geography and world cultures. Students will develop skills across the six essential elements of geography: world in spatial terms, places and regions, physical systems, human systems, environment and society, and ...
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Cartography



Cartography (from Greek χάρτης khartēs, ""map""; and γράφειν graphein, ""write"") is the study and practice of making maps. Combining science, aesthetics, and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality can be modeled in ways that communicate spatial information effectively.The fundamental problems of traditional cartography are to:Set the map's agenda and select traits of the object to be mapped. This is the concern of map editing. Traits may be physical, such as roads or land masses, or may be abstract, such as toponyms or political boundaries.Represent the terrain of the mapped object on flat media. This is the concern of map projections.Eliminate characteristics of the mapped object that are not relevant to the map's purpose. This is the concern of generalization.Reduce the complexity of the characteristics that will be mapped. This is also the concern of generalization.Orchestrate the elements of the map to best convey its message to its audience. This is the concern of map design.Modern cartography is largely integrated with geographic information science (GIScience) and constitutes many theoretical and practical foundations of geographic information systems.
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