Antennas - Telkom Unjani 2013
... Far field properties, such as the radiated power, power density, and radiation pattern, are not very sensitive to the choice of the current distribution. However, the near field properties are very sensitive to this choice. Deriving the expressions for the radiation pattern of this antenna, we repre ...
... Far field properties, such as the radiated power, power density, and radiation pattern, are not very sensitive to the choice of the current distribution. However, the near field properties are very sensitive to this choice. Deriving the expressions for the radiation pattern of this antenna, we repre ...
Sources, sinks, and transport of energetic particles within Saturn`s
... Best fit of radiation belt model and comparison with measurements Deviation of model and measurements for different parameters . . Best fit of a radiation belt model that includes moon losses . . . . Radiation belt models assuming lower source and denser torus . . Phase space densities between Mimas ...
... Best fit of radiation belt model and comparison with measurements Deviation of model and measurements for different parameters . . Best fit of a radiation belt model that includes moon losses . . . . Radiation belt models assuming lower source and denser torus . . Phase space densities between Mimas ...
ELF Radiation Produced by Electrical Currents in Sprites
... (for the assumed ionospheric conductivity) is not as simply described because these currents are within a significantly conducting region. This would reduce the ELF radiation observed on the ground from such currents, but for a firstorder solution, we neglect this effect. We estimate the vertical sp ...
... (for the assumed ionospheric conductivity) is not as simply described because these currents are within a significantly conducting region. This would reduce the ELF radiation observed on the ground from such currents, but for a firstorder solution, we neglect this effect. We estimate the vertical sp ...
Remediation of Radiation Belts Using
... fields that will scatter energetic charged particles into the loss cone and thus remove them from the radiation belt. The concept of using high-voltage electrostatic tethers to influence the radiation belts originated with work performed by Danilov that indicated that wires charged to thousands or m ...
... fields that will scatter energetic charged particles into the loss cone and thus remove them from the radiation belt. The concept of using high-voltage electrostatic tethers to influence the radiation belts originated with work performed by Danilov that indicated that wires charged to thousands or m ...
The Rutherford Memorial Lecture 1958 Reminiscences
... a n d chemical properties of matter on the basis of the Rutherford model ofthe atom presented, however, more intricate problems which were to be clarified gradually in the succeeding years. Thus in 1912, there could only be questionof a preliminary orientation as to the general features of the situa ...
... a n d chemical properties of matter on the basis of the Rutherford model ofthe atom presented, however, more intricate problems which were to be clarified gradually in the succeeding years. Thus in 1912, there could only be questionof a preliminary orientation as to the general features of the situa ...
J. J. Thomson From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is
... England. His mother, Emma Swindells, came from a local textile family. His father, Joseph James Thomson, ran an antiquarian bookshop founded by a great-grandfather. He had a brother two years younger than he was, Frederick Vernon Thomson.[6] His early education was in small private schools where he ...
... England. His mother, Emma Swindells, came from a local textile family. His father, Joseph James Thomson, ran an antiquarian bookshop founded by a great-grandfather. He had a brother two years younger than he was, Frederick Vernon Thomson.[6] His early education was in small private schools where he ...
1901 – 1921
... field. And there is no doubt that much success will be gained in physical science when this strange energy form is sufficiently investigated and its wide field thoroughly explored. Let us remind ourselves of but one of the properties which have been found in Röntgen rays; that which is the basis of ...
... field. And there is no doubt that much success will be gained in physical science when this strange energy form is sufficiently investigated and its wide field thoroughly explored. Let us remind ourselves of but one of the properties which have been found in Röntgen rays; that which is the basis of ...
NUCLEI of ATOMS Vladislav Konovalov Abstract
... example, one of α-planes of a nucleus of an isotope 20Ca48 will look, as shown in a figure 7. "At little change of number of nucleons some non-regular changes of radius take place. For example, at transition from 20Са40 to 20Са48 radius of distribution of charges practically does not change (that is ...
... example, one of α-planes of a nucleus of an isotope 20Ca48 will look, as shown in a figure 7. "At little change of number of nucleons some non-regular changes of radius take place. For example, at transition from 20Са40 to 20Са48 radius of distribution of charges practically does not change (that is ...
fulltext
... advances in our modern communication systems (for instance wireless, satellite, antenna, radio transmission), avionics and electronics industries, has raised a demand for progressive lightning research work. While some parts of this discharge processes have been successfully understood, scientists a ...
... advances in our modern communication systems (for instance wireless, satellite, antenna, radio transmission), avionics and electronics industries, has raised a demand for progressive lightning research work. While some parts of this discharge processes have been successfully understood, scientists a ...
H Graphene Field-Effect Transistors on Undoped Semiconductor Substrates for Radiation Detection
... II. GRAPHENE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS Graphene is a monolayer of graphite with unique electronic properties [1]. Graphene has a high carrier mobility, reaching 10 times or greater than that of Si at room temperature [2]. Graphene is a low-noise electronic material and has a resistance, which is very ...
... II. GRAPHENE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS Graphene is a monolayer of graphite with unique electronic properties [1]. Graphene has a high carrier mobility, reaching 10 times or greater than that of Si at room temperature [2]. Graphene is a low-noise electronic material and has a resistance, which is very ...
Radiation
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: electro-magnetic radiation (also known as ""continuum radiation"") γ such as radio waves, visible light, and x-rays particle radiation such as α, β, and neutron radiation (discrete energy per particle) acoustic radiation such as ultrasound, sound, and seismic waves. (dependent on intervening mass for transmission)Radiation is often categorized as either ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the energy of the radiated particles. Ionizing radiation carries more than 10 eV, which is enough to ionize atoms and molecules, and break chemical bonds. This is an important distinction due to the large difference in harmfulness to living organisms. A common source of ionizing radiation is radioactive materials that emit α, β, or γ radiation, consisting of helium nuclei, electrons or positrons, and photons, respectively. Other sources include X-rays from medical radiography examinations and muons, mesons, positrons, neutrons and other particles that constitute the secondary cosmic rays that are produced after primary cosmic rays interact with Earth's atmosphere.Gamma rays, X-rays and the higher energy range of ultraviolet light constitute the ionizing part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The lower-energy, longer-wavelength part of the spectrum including visible light, infrared light, microwaves, and radio waves is non-ionizing; its main effect when interacting with tissue is heating. This type of radiation only damages cells if the intensity is high enough to cause excessive heating. Ultraviolet radiation has some features of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. While the part of the ultraviolet spectrum that penetrates the Earth's atmosphere is non-ionizing, this radiation does far more damage to many molecules in biological systems than can be accounted for by heating effects, sunburn being a well-known example. These properties derive from ultraviolet's power to alter chemical bonds, even without having quite enough energy to ionize atoms.The word radiation arises from the phenomenon of waves radiating (i.e., traveling outward in all directions) from a source. This aspect leads to a system of measurements and physical units that are applicable to all types of radiation. Because such radiation expands as it passes through space, and as its energy is conserved (in vacuum), the intensity of all types of radiation from a point source follows an inverse-square law in relation to the distance from its source. This law does not apply close to an extended source of radiation or for focused beams.