Chromosomal breakpoint positions suggest a direct role for radiation
... properties, but was not sucient for transformation (Santoro et al., 1993). However, malignant phenotype was obtained by cotransfection with H-RAS or K-RAS oncogenes. An alternative to the direct pathway is that radiation does not act directly to produce the RET/PTC3 fusion, but instead may cause pe ...
... properties, but was not sucient for transformation (Santoro et al., 1993). However, malignant phenotype was obtained by cotransfection with H-RAS or K-RAS oncogenes. An alternative to the direct pathway is that radiation does not act directly to produce the RET/PTC3 fusion, but instead may cause pe ...
Developing expressed sequence tag libraries and
... sequenced, quality verified, assembled and scanned for SSRs. Primers flanking the SSRs were designed and a subset tested for amplification, polymorphism and transferability across species. ESTs containing SSRs were functionally annotated using the GenBank non-redundant (nr) database and further clas ...
... sequenced, quality verified, assembled and scanned for SSRs. Primers flanking the SSRs were designed and a subset tested for amplification, polymorphism and transferability across species. ESTs containing SSRs were functionally annotated using the GenBank non-redundant (nr) database and further clas ...
Taxonomic Study of Anaerobic, Gram-Negative, Rod
... described. All of the strains contained directly cross-linked meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing peptidoglycan and in addition the diamine cadaverine or (rarely) putrescine. The diamine was covalently linked to the a-carboxyl group of D-glutamic acid in the peptide subunit of peptidoglycan. Lipid F ...
... described. All of the strains contained directly cross-linked meso-diaminopimelic acid-containing peptidoglycan and in addition the diamine cadaverine or (rarely) putrescine. The diamine was covalently linked to the a-carboxyl group of D-glutamic acid in the peptide subunit of peptidoglycan. Lipid F ...
PDF
... December 2001 golden path freeze of the human genome, which is also NCBI build 28, with each mouse assembly. We first used RepeatMasker (A. Smit, unpublished work, and [7]), to mask the repeats in all the three genomes. With a fixed expect value (E-value) of 1.0e-1 we found 1,860,560 conserved seque ...
... December 2001 golden path freeze of the human genome, which is also NCBI build 28, with each mouse assembly. We first used RepeatMasker (A. Smit, unpublished work, and [7]), to mask the repeats in all the three genomes. With a fixed expect value (E-value) of 1.0e-1 we found 1,860,560 conserved seque ...
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of exon 2 of the
... species were summarized in an IUCN report (Hartl et al. 1995). However, t h e r e are still some problems of European bison genetics and conservation to be studied. The best way of preserving the remaining genetic polymorphism is the most important one because of the severe population bottleneck (on ...
... species were summarized in an IUCN report (Hartl et al. 1995). However, t h e r e are still some problems of European bison genetics and conservation to be studied. The best way of preserving the remaining genetic polymorphism is the most important one because of the severe population bottleneck (on ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... ropA of strain 248. No clear consensus sequence could be deduced. The relationship of ropA and ropA2 of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 248 with two similar genes from Brucella abortus is discussed. ground of other biovars (27). The outer membrane proteins of strain 248 can be divided into four p ...
... ropA of strain 248. No clear consensus sequence could be deduced. The relationship of ropA and ropA2 of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 248 with two similar genes from Brucella abortus is discussed. ground of other biovars (27). The outer membrane proteins of strain 248 can be divided into four p ...
3. Inheritance and hereditary
... discrete trait, then the variation can be treated as a qualitative trait, which would simplify its analysis. For example, consider height as a phenotype you wish to study (Figure 3 [SGF-1025]). If the heights of an organism cluster into discrete classes (in the simplest case, tall and short, with no ...
... discrete trait, then the variation can be treated as a qualitative trait, which would simplify its analysis. For example, consider height as a phenotype you wish to study (Figure 3 [SGF-1025]). If the heights of an organism cluster into discrete classes (in the simplest case, tall and short, with no ...
DNA Methylation of ADME Genes - U-PGx
... assumed.13,14 Independent from other factors, there is first evidence that differences in DNA methylation patterns may contribute to the ontogeny of the expression of DME in childhood.15 A higher risk for ADRs is well established in older patients, which may not only be related to, e.g., different bo ...
... assumed.13,14 Independent from other factors, there is first evidence that differences in DNA methylation patterns may contribute to the ontogeny of the expression of DME in childhood.15 A higher risk for ADRs is well established in older patients, which may not only be related to, e.g., different bo ...
jsm2003 - University of Wisconsin–Madison
... additive effects may be most important (Wright/Fisher debate) statistical goal: maximize number of correctly identified QTL ...
... additive effects may be most important (Wright/Fisher debate) statistical goal: maximize number of correctly identified QTL ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... translocations (Fedak and Han 2005; Li et al. 2008; Li and Wang 2009). But there had no reports about the reduced height gene introduced from Th. ponticum. We had developed an addition line 31504, with reduced plant height than its wheat parent, from the cross between wheat cultivar Lumai 5 and whea ...
... translocations (Fedak and Han 2005; Li et al. 2008; Li and Wang 2009). But there had no reports about the reduced height gene introduced from Th. ponticum. We had developed an addition line 31504, with reduced plant height than its wheat parent, from the cross between wheat cultivar Lumai 5 and whea ...
meiosis
... – Chromosomes matched in homologous pairs – Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 from egg, 23 from sperm) – 23 SETS of matching pairs of chromosomes ...
... – Chromosomes matched in homologous pairs – Humans have 46 chromosomes (23 from egg, 23 from sperm) – 23 SETS of matching pairs of chromosomes ...
Problem Sets - MIT Biology
... Strain Three (B–/B–) is homozygous for a recessive mutation in gene B. Group Four are flies that result from mating Strain One to Strain Two. Group Five are flies that result from mating Strain One to Strain Three. Group Six are flies that result from mating Strain Two to Strain Three. Group Seven a ...
... Strain Three (B–/B–) is homozygous for a recessive mutation in gene B. Group Four are flies that result from mating Strain One to Strain Two. Group Five are flies that result from mating Strain One to Strain Three. Group Six are flies that result from mating Strain Two to Strain Three. Group Seven a ...
Dominant Suppressors of Yeast Actin Mutations That Are Reciprocally Suppressed.
... grew well at all temperatures (Figure 1). Dominant suppressor mutations identify anew gene SAC6 In order to determine the number of genes defined by the dominant extragenicsuppressor mutations, we tested for linkage among them. It was not possible to assign the mutantsto complementation groups, as f ...
... grew well at all temperatures (Figure 1). Dominant suppressor mutations identify anew gene SAC6 In order to determine the number of genes defined by the dominant extragenicsuppressor mutations, we tested for linkage among them. It was not possible to assign the mutantsto complementation groups, as f ...
Phytic Acid and Inorganic Phosphate Composition in Soybean Lines
... adds the last phosphate on the inositol ring to create PA (reviewed in York et al., 1999). Based on in vitro experiments with maize and potato IPK1 recombinant enzymes and work in Arabidopsis, the plant IPK1 gene appears to have the capacity to encode an inositol polyphosphate kinase, with lower ino ...
... adds the last phosphate on the inositol ring to create PA (reviewed in York et al., 1999). Based on in vitro experiments with maize and potato IPK1 recombinant enzymes and work in Arabidopsis, the plant IPK1 gene appears to have the capacity to encode an inositol polyphosphate kinase, with lower ino ...
Mapping of the Recessive White Locus and
... be caused by mutations in the PMEL17 gene (Kerje et al., 2004). Although there is a report that the insertion of retroviral sequence into tyrosinase gene associates completely the recessive white plumage (Chung et al., 2006), the C locus in chickens has been not correctly mapped to a chromosome by m ...
... be caused by mutations in the PMEL17 gene (Kerje et al., 2004). Although there is a report that the insertion of retroviral sequence into tyrosinase gene associates completely the recessive white plumage (Chung et al., 2006), the C locus in chickens has been not correctly mapped to a chromosome by m ...
Modeling Trabecular Microstructure Evolution via Genetic Algorithm by Samuel W. L. Shames
... the evolution via cumulative selection of highly specialized structures. Beyond biomaterials, cumulative selection o↵ers a generalizable model for materials optimization via accumulative of beneficial mutations in a material’s genome that improve the properties for a given function. A genetic algori ...
... the evolution via cumulative selection of highly specialized structures. Beyond biomaterials, cumulative selection o↵ers a generalizable model for materials optimization via accumulative of beneficial mutations in a material’s genome that improve the properties for a given function. A genetic algori ...
Spina Bifida and Genetic Risk
... fertility meaning that they can get pregnant • If a pregnancy isn’t wanted, women with spina bifida who are sexual active should use birth control. – Non-latex condoms can be used as birth control and as a method of protecting against sexual transmitted infections – Other birth control options shoul ...
... fertility meaning that they can get pregnant • If a pregnancy isn’t wanted, women with spina bifida who are sexual active should use birth control. – Non-latex condoms can be used as birth control and as a method of protecting against sexual transmitted infections – Other birth control options shoul ...
Coevolution of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase with its tRNA substrates
... nucleotides in the D-stem and D-loop, as well as the bases connecting the acceptor helix and D-stem, and some bases in the extra arm (13). In vitro mutagenesis of Thermus thermophilus D-GluRS expanded its tRNA specificity to the recognition of tRNAGlu with a glutamine-specific anticodon (14). Howeve ...
... nucleotides in the D-stem and D-loop, as well as the bases connecting the acceptor helix and D-stem, and some bases in the extra arm (13). In vitro mutagenesis of Thermus thermophilus D-GluRS expanded its tRNA specificity to the recognition of tRNAGlu with a glutamine-specific anticodon (14). Howeve ...
Extensive tRNA gene changes in synthetic Brassica
... Transfer RNA (tRNA) is usually 75-95 bp in length, and is classed as non-coding RNA. It is ubiquitous in all organisms, and accounts for about 15% of all RNAs in the cell, in between rRNA (approximately 75%) and mRNA (about 5%) in abundance. The roles and functions of tRNA have been widely studied. ...
... Transfer RNA (tRNA) is usually 75-95 bp in length, and is classed as non-coding RNA. It is ubiquitous in all organisms, and accounts for about 15% of all RNAs in the cell, in between rRNA (approximately 75%) and mRNA (about 5%) in abundance. The roles and functions of tRNA have been widely studied. ...
Concepts of Biology - Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
... Sexual reproduction was an early evolutionary innovation after the appearance of eukaryotic cells. The fact that most eukaryotes reproduce sexually is evidence of its evolutionary success. In many animals, it is the only mode of reproduction. And yet, scientists recognize some real disadvantages to ...
... Sexual reproduction was an early evolutionary innovation after the appearance of eukaryotic cells. The fact that most eukaryotes reproduce sexually is evidence of its evolutionary success. In many animals, it is the only mode of reproduction. And yet, scientists recognize some real disadvantages to ...
Nerve activates contraction
... that species are the products of evolution, but acceptance of natural selection as the main mechanism of evolution was more difficult. • What was missing in Darwin’s explanation was an understanding of inheritance that could explain how chance variations arise in a population while also accounting f ...
... that species are the products of evolution, but acceptance of natural selection as the main mechanism of evolution was more difficult. • What was missing in Darwin’s explanation was an understanding of inheritance that could explain how chance variations arise in a population while also accounting f ...
The f ructokinase f rom Rhizobium leguminosarum
... phenotype on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEM-KT) since frk mutants have been shown to lack capsule production when grown on medium containing mannitol (McLaughlin & Hughes, 1989). Kanamycin (150 pg ml-l) was used as a counter-selection agent against donor strains. Three clones conferring the mucoid ...
... phenotype on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEM-KT) since frk mutants have been shown to lack capsule production when grown on medium containing mannitol (McLaughlin & Hughes, 1989). Kanamycin (150 pg ml-l) was used as a counter-selection agent against donor strains. Three clones conferring the mucoid ...
A locus for sodium exclusion (Nax1), a trait for salt tolerance
... wheat on the international market can bring a better return to farmers than bread wheat and other crops, so, breeding new cultivars of durum wheat with improved salt tolerance can allow growers more options in dealing with subsoil salinity. ...
... wheat on the international market can bring a better return to farmers than bread wheat and other crops, so, breeding new cultivars of durum wheat with improved salt tolerance can allow growers more options in dealing with subsoil salinity. ...
Document
... Mendel’s Law of Segregation A. Law of Segregation states that a pair of factors (alleles) is segregated, or separated, during the formation of gametes (reproductive cells) (1) When two gametes combine during fertilization, the offspring have two factors controlling a specific trait (Gg) ...
... Mendel’s Law of Segregation A. Law of Segregation states that a pair of factors (alleles) is segregated, or separated, during the formation of gametes (reproductive cells) (1) When two gametes combine during fertilization, the offspring have two factors controlling a specific trait (Gg) ...
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.