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Figure 2 Representation of the steps required for DNA sequence
Figure 2 Representation of the steps required for DNA sequence

... Supplementary Figure 1 Representation of the steps required for DNA sequence analysis to detect a germline mutation. Family members of the index case, that is the proband (arrow), are ascertained. After genetic counseling and obtaining informed consent, venous blood samples are collected and leucocy ...
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Evolution by natural selection - BioGeoWiki-4ESO

... Example of natural selection leading to speciation. Can no longer ...
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What is a Designer Baby?

... resulting offspring will have. Essentially it is a term used by journalists, not scientists. A more realistic term would be “Selected Baby”. It is currently not attainable to insert genes into embryos in hopes of desired characteristic traits or physical features, however advanced technologies can b ...
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Apple Molecular Biology: Animation 2

... A plasmid is a small circular strand of chromosome, and is found in bacteria. Generally, they include some region of DNA that confers antibiotic resistance so any organism containing the plasmid can be selected on a growth media containing the appropriate antibiotic. Scientists have learned how to m ...
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... • Genetic engineering, engineering recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM) and gene splicing are terms that are applied to the direct manipulation of an organisms genes. • Recombinant DNA is a form of artificial DNA which is engineered through the combination or insertion ...
Examples of Gene flow File
Examples of Gene flow File

... Gene flow is the exchange of genes between two separate populations. This is most often accomplished when animals or spores from plants migrate to a new area. Any time a gene is introduced into a population where that gene once did not exist, gene flow has occurred. ...
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Adaption Variation and Natural Selection

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... On top of that, it is random which egg and sperm come together to form the zygote. When you look at it this way, it’s not at all surprising that some people look different from their family members. This is true for all sexually reproducing forms of life. For example, purebred dogs may look much lik ...
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The Transfer of Genetic Characteristics

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Heredity and Behavior

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... S. S. GADAKH, A.M. DETHE, M.N. KATHALE AND N.S. KAHATE Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of Agriculture, Latur M.A.U., Parbhani, Maharashtra Received: 27-2-2013, Revised: 25-4-2013, Accepted: 15-5-2013 ABSTRACT Genetic diversity analysis is a powerful tool in quantifying the degree o ...
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Genetic engineering



Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.
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